Cereeae
| Cereeae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Cereus repandus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Tribe: | Cereeae |
| Type genus | |
| Cereus | |
| Subtribes | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Trichocereeae Buxb. (1958) | |
Cereeae is a tribe of cacti belonging to the subfamily Cactoideae containing about 50 genera, divided in 2023 among six subtribes.
Description
[edit]Cereeae are tree-like or shrubby, sometimes climbing plants. Their mostly elongated to spherical, ribbed and thorny shoots are not articulated. The flowers, which usually appear on the side of the shoot, open during the day or at night. Their pericarpels usually have a few scales or are completely glabrous. The fleshy, berry-like, bursting or non-bursting fruits often have a blackening adherent flower remnant. The small to large seeds are oval. The hilum and micropyle of the seeds are fused, one appendage is absent.[1]
Taxonomy
[edit]In classifications before the use of molecular phylogenetic methods, Cereeae was one of nine tribes into which the subfamily Cactoideae was divided. Molecular studies found that these traditional tribes were not monophyletic. A broader circumscription of Cereeae, including Browningieae and Trichocereeae and comprising most columnar cacti of South American origin, was found to be monophyletic.[2] With this circumscription, Cereeae was divided into three subtribes: Rebutiinae, Trichocereinae and Cereinae. A 2021 study suggested that Trichocereinae and Cereinae are monophyletic, but that Rebutiinae was not.[3] A 2023 study proposed six subtribes, which it found to be monophyletic. Rebutiinae was split into four subtribes: Aylosterinae, Gymnocalyciinae, Rebutiinae, and Uebelmanniinae. In addition, two genera, Espostoopsis and Stetsonia, were moved to different subtribes.[4]
Subtribes
[edit]Historically, the circumscription of subtribes and genera in the Cereeae has been "highly controversial", and subject to considerable change.[3] Six subtribes were proposed in a 2023 study. The table below compares the 2023 classification with a widely used 2010 classification.[2][4]
| Genus | 2023 classification[4] | 2010 classification[2] |
|---|---|---|
| Uebelmannia Buining | Uebelmanniinae | Rebutiinae |
| Aylostera Spegazzini | Aylosterinae | |
| Rebutia K.Schum. | Rebutiinae | |
| Browningia Britt. & Rose | ||
| Weingartia Werderm. | ||
| Gymnocalycium Mittler | Gymnocalyciinae | |
| Arthrocereus A.Berger | Trichocereinae | Trichocereinae |
| Borzicactus Riccob. | ||
| Cleistocactus Lem. | ||
| Echinopsis Zucc. | ||
| Espostoa Britt. & Rose | ||
| Haageocereus Backeb. | ||
| Harrisia Britt. | ||
| Matucana Britt. & Rose | ||
| Mila Britt. & Rose | ||
| Oreocereus (A.Berger) Riccob. | ||
| Oroya Britt. & Rose | ||
| Pygmaeocereus Johns. & Backeb. | ||
| Rauhocereus Backeb. | ||
| Reicheocactus Backeb | ||
| Trichocereus Britt. & Rose | ||
| Weberbauerocereus Backeb. | ||
| Lasiocereus | Trichocereinae incertae sedis | |
| Arrojadoa Britt. & Rose (including Pierrebraunia, Stephanocereus) |
Cereinae | Cereinae |
| Espostoopsis Buxb. | Trichocereinae | |
| Cereus Mill. | Cereinae | |
| Cipocereus F.Ritter | ||
| Coleocephalocereus Backeb. | ||
| Discocactus Pfeiff. | ||
| Facheiroa Britt. & Rose (including Brasilicereus, Leocereus) | ||
| Melocactus Link & Otto | ||
| Micranthocereus Backeb. | ||
| Pilosocereus Byles & G.Rowley | ||
| Praecereus F.Buxb. | ||
| Stetsonia Britt. & Rose | Rebutiinae | |
| Xiquexique Lavor & Calvente | Cereinae |
References
[edit]- ^ Anderson, Edward F.; Eggli, Urs (2005). Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon (in German). Stuttgart (Hohenheim): Ulmer. p. 58. ISBN 3-8001-4573-1.
- ^ a b c Nyffeler, R. & Eggli, U. (2010), "A farewell to dated ideas and concepts: molecular phylogenetics and a revised suprageneric classification of the family Cactaceae", Schumannia, 6: 109–149, doi:10.5167/uzh-43285
- ^ a b Fantinati, Mariana R.; Soffiatti, Patricia & Calvente, Alice (2021), "A New Phylogenetic Hypothesis for Cereinae (Cactaceae) Points to a Monophyletic Subtribe" (PDF), Systematic Botany, 46 (3): 689–699, doi:10.1600/036364421X16312068417020, retrieved 2023-09-28
- ^ a b c Romeiro-Brito, Monique; Taylor, Nigel P.; Zappi, Daniela C.; Telhe, Milena C.; Franco, Fernando F. & Moraes, Evandro M. (2023), "Unravelling phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Cereeae using target enrichment sequencing", Annals of Botany, 132 (5): 989–1006, doi:10.1093/aob/mcad153
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