Bijapur war with Mysore
| Bijapur–Mysore War (1652–1654) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Bijapur Sultanate |
 Kingdom of Mysore | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
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Muhammad Khan Shahaji Siddi Masud Tirumala Nayaka |
Kanthirava Narasaraja I  Dasarajaiya  Balaji Habitrao † Siddi Raihan | ||||||||
Bijapur–Mysore War (1652–1654) was a series of warfare between the Sultunate of Bijapur and the kingdom of Mysore around the middle of seventeenth century. This conflict, which took place in the years 1652 to 1654, ended as a resounding success for the sultans of the Bijapur Sultanate, owing chiefly, however, to Muhammad Khan, Shahaji Siddi Masud and his army’s efforts. The forces of Mysore under the command of Kanthirava Narasaraja I suffered a series of unfortunate incidents, including, the decapitation of the commander Dasarajaiya and the death of Balaji Habitrao. The surrender of Siddi Haiban of Mysore to the Bijapur Sultanate. In the end Kanthirava Narasaraja I himself submitted to Bijapur Sultanate becoming a tributary.
Prelude
[edit]Kanthirava's Teritorial Conquests
[edit]Kanthirava Narasaraja, known for his ambitious military endeavors, capitalized on Shahaji's absence in Kanakasiri to expand his influence by subduing the territories surrounding Bangalore. His pillaging expeditions clearly reflected his determined effort to drive the Muslims out of Mysore.[1]
Kanthirava Narasaraja launched a campaign against his enemies between 1648 and 1650 in which he invaded and took possession of Vagadi from its ruler Immadi Kempe Gowda. He clinched the victory over the ruler of Hebbur in April of 1651 and this brought the town under the rule of his kingdom which forced him to have an engagement with Immadi Kempe Gowda whose son, Mummadi Kempe Gowda, was very brave in the battlefield. It was also in the same year that Kanthirava Narasaraja managed to extend his empire by subduing Sulekeredurga, Nayakavadi State, Yelahanka Nadu, Channarayapatna and Basavanatna which were originally the territories ruled by Muslims. These conquests illustrate an ambition in Kanthirava’s mind that sought extension of his rule power northward towards the Maratha Kingdom. But not much information is available on Ekoji’s movement during the looting campaigns initiated by Kanthirava. It is likely Ekoji chose not to actively intervene and instead concentrate attention on maintaining the equilibrium of his sides, so long as Kahnthirava’s terrorizing activities did not disturb it.[1]
War with Mysore
[edit]Shahaji and Khan Muhammad began an effort to recover the area controlled by Jagadev Raval. Considering Siddi Haiban’s surrender to be of no consequence, they easily managed to recapture all the forts which were occupied by the Mysoreans. Among these was the Krishnagiri fortress, formidable in its location and construction, supplied with heavy cannons and garrisoned by the Mysore troops.[1] Notwithstanding these difficulties, Khan Muhammad led an attack on the fort, eventually taking it over and thus making Kanthirava to run away to save his life.[2]
Once Krishnagiri Fort was abandoned, Kanthirava Narasaraja I arrived back in Mysore where he ensured the city was well prepared for any incoming forces from the enemy. However, he was quick to realize that he was outnumbered. Khan Muhammad and Shahaji chased Kanthirava all the way to Mysore, where they attacked and succeeded in taking over the Mysore fort and three other forts in the process.[3]
Khan Muhammad was proceeding with Vellore Seige[4] Meanwhile, Kanthirava took this chance to send Dasarajaiya to Kaveripattan to fight back the invaders. Khan Muhammad found two of his battles – Vellore and Kaveripattan, waging at the same time. To do this, he ordered Siddi Masud to deal with Dasarajaiya. In a fierce fight at Kaveripattan in October 1653, Dasarajaiya’s last battle was fought in which he was beheaded. Kanthirava Narasaraja I of Mysore agreed to pay annual tribute to rebuild his war-ravaged state, submitting to the authority of the Sultan.[2] On his departure from Mysore, Khan Muhammad gathered the tribute and gifts he received, and on returning to Bijapur, collected even more wealth from the Nayak of Madurai. Encouraged by Tirumala Nayak, Khan Muhammad, Shahaji, and others led successive raids on Mysore, claiming victories.[5] Appalled by the blow, Kanthirava sent out Balaji Haibat Rao, killed at this point in battle by Siddi Masud. Defeated, Khan Muhammad signed a treaty with Kanthirava which guaranteed settlement of war debts against Mysore.[1][2]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d B. Muddachari. Mysore-Maratha Relations Under Shahji, Shivaji, Sambhaji And Rajaram (As Revealed In Kannada Sources). pp. 142–146.
- ^ a b c B. Muddhachari (1965-05-04). The Mysore-Maratha Relations in the 17th Century. pp. 73–77.
- ^ Satyanarayana, A. (1996). History of the Wodeyars of Mysore, 1610-1748. Directorate of Archaeology and Museums.
- ^ Gajanan Bhaskar Mehendale. Shivaji His Life & Times. p. 256.
- ^ M. A. Nayeem (1973). The External Relations Of The Bijapur Kingdom 1489-1686 AD (Study In Diplomatic Hisory). pp. 266–267.