Battle of Sich (1680)
| Battle of Sich | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681) and Turkish-Cossack Conflict | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Zaporozhian Cossacks Don Cossacks |
 Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Ivan Sirko |
Kara-Muhammad | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown |
25,000[1] Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
The Battle of Sich or Stand on the Sich took place between the Ottoman-Crimean army led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad and the Zaporozhian-Don Cossacks led by Ivan Sirko, on the Sich or Lobodukha tract between islands, in c. June 1680.
Prelude
[edit]In 1678, information about the planned Ottoman campaigns on Kyiv and Left-Bank Ukraine in the upcoming year became known to Tsardom of Russia and Samoylovych's Cossack Hetmanate.[2][3] Ottomans made no attempts to capture Zaporozhian Sich in 1679.[4] However, Sultan Mehmed IV planned a campaign against Sich for 1680, gathering an Ottoman army of 25,000 led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad for this purpose.[1][5]
Battle
[edit]Ukrainian interpretation
[edit]Sultan Mehmed IV ordered for the 25,000-strong Ottoman army to launch a campaign against Sich in c. June 1680.[1] Ivan Sirko received the news about the incoming Ottoman-Crimean army, and was preparing for the upcoming battle. Zaporozhian Cossacks of Ivan Sirko, together with Don Cossacks, organised defense of the Sich.[1] The Ottoman-Crimean army suffered a defeat to the Cossacks and was forced to retreat.[1]
In Ukrainian histography, this event was remembered as Ivan Sirko's last battle and victory, during which Sirko "lowered his victorious mace for the last time in the battle with the Horde".[1]
Russian interpretation
[edit]Sultan Mehmed IV sent the Ottoman army led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad with the goal of destroying Sich.[5] This news reached Ivan Sirko, but he didn't want to risk the destruction of Sich and chose to position with Cossacks on Lobodukha tract.[5] Ivan Sirko organised his defense on the Lobodukha tract between islands, preparing for battle with the Ottoman army. However, Pasha Kara-Muhammad received the news about the incoming Russian army led by Yakov Koretsky, coming to the aid of Ivan Sirko and his Cossacks.[5] Pasha Kara-Muhammad chose to retreat with his army before any major fighting took place.[5]
In Russian histography, this event is described as a standoff rather than full-fledged battle.
Aftermath
[edit]After Ivan Sirko's defense of the Sich and subsequent retreat of the Ottoman-Crimean army, he fell ill and retired to the village of Hrushivka.[1] Russians and Cossacks repelled the Ottoman-Crimean attacks that took place in 1679–1680, and on 3 January 1681, signed Treaty of Bakhchisarai, concluding the Russo-Turkish War.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g "Екскурс – заочна подорож « СТОРІНКАМИ КОЗАЦЬКОЇ ДОБИ»". naurok.com.ua. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
- ^ On the Eve of the Signing of the Treaty of Bakhchisarai: Russian-Ottoman Military Confrontation in Ukraine in 1679 and 1680 (In Russian) [1], p. 53.
- ^ On the Eve of the Signing of the Treaty of Bakhchisarai: Russian-Ottoman Military Confrontation in Ukraine in 1679 and 1680 (In Russian) [2], p. 54.
- ^ On the Eve of the Signing of the Treaty of Bakhchisarai: Russian-Ottoman Military Confrontation in Ukraine in 1679 and 1680 (In Russian) [3], p. 57.
- ^ a b c d e Sobchenko Ivan Sergeevich (2020). Kosh Otaman of Zaporozhian Sich I.D. Sirko (In Russian). Moscow: Ваш формат. p. 246.
- ^ Paxton, John; Traynor, John (2004). Leaders of Russia and the Soviet Union. Taylor & Francis Books Inc. p. 195.