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Alliance (Australian Capital Territory)

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Alliance
Liberal leaderTrevor Kaine
Residents Rally leaderBernard Collaery
Founded5 December 1989; 35 years ago (5 December 1989)
Dissolved6 June 1991; 33 years ago (6 June 1991)
Member partiesACT Liberal Party
Residents Rally
Independents Group
Legislative Assembly
9 / 17
(1989–1991)
Website
Alliance accord

The Alliance, sometimes known as the Liberal–Residents Rally Alliance, was a political alliance between the Liberal Party, Residents Rally and Independents Group in the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly.[1]

The Alliance was formed in December 1989 after a no-confidence motion against the sitting Labor Party government saw Liberal leader Trevor Kaine take power.[2] However, the agreement dissolved less than two years later when the Rally was sacked from the Alliance, subsequently voting with Labor to topple the Kaine government in June 1991.[3][4]

History

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Background

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The 1989 ACT election, which was the first under self-government, resulted in Labor emerging as the largest party with five seats, the Liberals and the Residents Rally winning four each, the No Self Government Party (NSG) winning three and the Abolish Self Government Coalition (ASGC) winning one.[5] It took almost two months to determine the final results, with Labor leader Rosemary Follett becoming chief minister at the first sitting of the Legislative Assembly on 11 May 1989.[6][7]

The first Assembly was characterised by a hung parliament and significant political instability.[8] Within weeks, there was speculation that the Liberals would move an immediate no-confidence motion in Follett, although this was initially denied by Liberal leader Trevor Kaine.[9] By September, however, Kaine openly stated his party seeking to work with the Residents Rally to topple the Labor government, while the Residents Rally – led by Bernard Collaery – suggested a "collegiate-style" Assembly as an alternative.[10][11]

The potential for an alliance with the Liberals was controversial within the Residents Rally. Collaery assured the party's executive that there had been no negotiations "whatsoever" with the Liberals.[12] On 23 October, Rally MLA Michael Moore left the party after an unsuccessful bid to prevent the party moving a no-confidence motion.[13] He was followed by four members of the party's executive, as well as around 30 rank-and-file members.[14][15]

No-confidence motion against Follett

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On 23 November 1989, a no-confidence motion was moved by Collaery, which was scheduled to be debated less than two weeks later on 5 December.[16] Kaine said the Liberals had a "solid alliance" with the Rally, with the parties creating a draft document several months earlier in the event they took government.[17][18]

12 days before the vote was set to take place, the no-confidence motion had the support of all Liberal and Rally MLAs, as well as ASGC MLA Dennis Stevenson and NSG MLA David Prowse, while now-independent Michael Moore and NSG MLAs Craig Duby and Carmel Maher backed Labor in opposing it (although as Speaker, Prowse did not publicly state his position).[19][20]

An opinion poll conducted by The Canberra Times between 13 November and 23 November (the day the no-confidence motion was moved) found 29% of ACT voters said a Liberal–Rally alliance would be good, 56% said it was bad and 15% were unsure.[21][22]

With the vote approaching, the Liberals and Rally entering government appeared inevitable.[23][24] This was despite the parties publicly expressing their differences over policies including budget consultation, education funding, X-rated videos and the development of a casino.[25][26]

One day before the vote, Duby and Maher announced they would support the no-confidence motion, leaving the No Self Government Party and forming the Independents Group.[27] Prowse also left the party, leaving it without any seats, but remained tight-lipped about his vote.[28] The move sealed the Labor government's fate, and on 5 December 1989, Collaery officially moved the no-confidence motion:

That this Assembly no longer has confidence in the Chief Minister of the ACT and the minority Labor Government and has confidence in the ability of Mr Kaine to form a government.

Collaery said the motion had its "direct origins" in reporting that the government had sought to secure by the vote of Prowse for the "Business Franchise ("X" Videos) Bill", which the Rally claimed was a "barely disguised threat" from Labor.[29] The motion was resolved in the affirmative (10 votes to 7 votes), with Stevenson and Moore voting with Labor against the motion.

Alliance formation

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Immediately following the motion, Trevor Kaine was elected by the Assembly as chief minister, and the Alliance government was formed.[30][31] The new ministry was announced two days later, which included Collaery as deputy chief minister.[32][33] Kaine briefly held all portfolios after becoming chief minister, before the new ministry was sworn in on 13 December 1988.[34][35][36]

In April 1990, Duby − while serving as minister with responsibility for road safety − was convicted of two offences of driving under the influence.[37] A censure motion was moved in the Assembly, although it did not succeed, and Duby remained in the ministry despite calls from some Alliance MLAs for him to step down.[38][39][40]

On 6 August 1990, it was announced that David Prowse had left the Independents Group to join the Liberal Party.[41] His membership application was formally approved on 9 August.[42] The move did not change the overall number of Alliance MLAs, and Prowse remained Speaker.[43]

Public views on the Alliance were largely negative.[44][45] A Canberra Times/Datacol poll in August 1990 showed the Rally with just 1% of the vote, and further polling in May 1991 found most voters considered the government to be a failure.[46][47]

Final days

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By late 1990, tensions within the Alliance began to show.[48] Rally MLA Hector Kinloch still preferred a "collegiate-style" government and said his party had some "re-negotiating" to do with the Liberals, although at the one-year anniversary of its formation, the agreement was still holding together.[49][50][51]

Follett attempted to get non-Liberal MLAs to leave the Alliance and support Labor forming government, although this initially proved unsuccessful.[52] By March 1991, it appeared the Alliance was nearing its end, as Kaine stated he expected the Rally and the Independents Group to leave the government after the budget was released.[53][54]

On 26 April 1991, Kinloch resigned from the government, but remained in the Residents Rally.[55] The same day, Collaery announced the Residents Rally would leave the government if a casino development was approved.[55] In response, Kaine said that the Rally was in "disarray" and could expect to be relegated to a minor role within the government.[56] The Australian Democrats, who did not have any seats in the Assembly at the time, announced that they would not enter into a coalition government with the Liberals if they were successful in gaining representation at the next election.[57][58]

Disbandment

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On 29 May 1991, Kaine sacked the Residents Rally from the Alliance after Rally MLAs declined to support a number of government policies, including the Canberra casino development, the decision to close schools and the decision to close the Royal Canberra Hospital.[59][60] This forced the government into minority, but the Alliance temporarily remained − now with only the Liberals and the Independents Group.[59][61] No deputy chief minister was initially chosen to take over from Collaery, although Duby expected to be elevated to the position.[62][63]

Labor leader Rosemary Follett announced she would move a no-confidence motion against Kaine, which was scheduled to be debated on 6 June.[59][64] She immediately began negotiations with the Rally and other minor parties.[65][66]

One day before the vote, Kaine said Rally president David Read had called him to offer a proposal that would see Collaery become chief minister and Liberal MLAs serve in minor riles.[67] At this point, Rally MLAs remained undecided on how they would vote in the motion.[68]

On 6 June 1991, a Residents Rally executive meeting voted 14−0 to support the motion, and the three Rally MLAs subsequently voted with Labor, leading to Follett returning to the position of chief minister.[69][70] Following the vote, Follett announced that Rally MLAs would not be part of the new Labor government.[63][69]

The no-confidence motion was resolved in the affirmative (9 votes to 7 votes), with ASGC MLA Dennis Stevenson abstaining after declaring that "the people of Canberra have no confidence in any government in this Assembly...indeed, they have no confidence in any of us".[71]

Aftermath

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Kaine was spilled as Liberal leader on 12 June and replaced by Gary Humphries.[72][73] Just days earlier, The Canberra Times reported that "senior Liberal sources" believed Kaine was a "poor communicator" and "intransigent", although party president Jim Leedman had said Kaine's position as leader was safe.[74][75]

Ministry

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Executive Members

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Minister
(birth–death) 		Party Portfolios
Trevor Kaine
(1928–2009) 		Liberal
Bernard Collaery
(born 1944) 		Residents Rally
Craig Duby
(born 1949) 		Independents Group
Gary Humphries
(born 1958) 		Liberal

Executive Deputies

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Minister
(birth–death) 		Party Portfolios
Norm Jensen
(born 1945) 		Residents Rally
  • Planning Environment and Heritage
  • Leasehold Management
Bill Stefaniak
(born 1952) 		Liberal
  • Police and Justice
  • Sport and Recreation
Robyn Nolan Liberal
  • Business
  • Tourism
  • Employment
  • Transport
  • Rural Matters
Hector Kinloch
(1927–1993) 		Residents Rally
  • Education
  • The Arts
Carmel Maher
(born 1954) 		Independents Group
  • Status of Women
  • The Ageing
  • The Family
  • The Disabled

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "The Land (Planning and Environment) Act 1991" (PDF). AustLII. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 May 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
  2. ^ Bolton, Sue (4 March 1992). "ALP 'Laberal' government for ACT". Green Left. Archived from the original on 1 March 2020. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  3. ^ Moore, Michael (27 February 2019). "The government we didn't want is here to stay". Canberra CityNews. Archived from the original on 20 March 2019. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  4. ^ "Labor History". ACT Labor Party. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  5. ^ "1989 List of elected candidates". Elections ACT. 9 July 2024. Archived from the original on 7 October 2024. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  6. ^ Cumming, Fia (4 May 1989). "Elected! The ACT gets its first Assembly, at last". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  7. ^ "Hansard of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly" (PDF). hansard.act.gov.au. 11 May 1989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2019. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
  8. ^ "20 Years of Self Government". ABC News. 8 May 2009. Archived from the original on 11 November 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2012.
  9. ^ "Libs rule out 'immediate' challenge". The Canberra Times. 7 July 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  10. ^ Bird, Megan (9 September 1989). "Coup: Kaine moves closer". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  11. ^ Coelli, Andree (12 September 1989). "Libs still seek alliance". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  12. ^ "Moore denies rift over Libs". The Canberra Times. 13 September 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  13. ^ Coelli, Andree (24 October 1989). "Moore leads exodus". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  14. ^ Coelli, Andree (1 November 1989). "Rally loses four from executive". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  15. ^ Collier, Andree (24 November 1989). "Rally membership could turn on its MLAs". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  16. ^ Coelli, Andree (24 November 1989). "Kaine set to take Govt". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  17. ^ Coelli, Andree (17 October 1989). "Documents reveal Rally-Libs Govt plan". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  18. ^ Coelli, Andree (24 November 1989). "Kaine set to take Government". The Canberra Times. p. 8. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  19. ^ "WHERE THE NUMBERS ARE...NOW". The Canberra Times. 24 November 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  20. ^ "Prowse won't comment". The Canberra Times. 24 November 1989. p. 9. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  21. ^ "How do you see coalition?". The Canberra Times. 25 November 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  22. ^ Coelli, Andree (28 November 1989). "Fewer than 1 in 3 back Lib-Rally deal". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  23. ^ "Business hits Lib coup bid". The Canberra Times. 28 November 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  24. ^ Coelli, Andree (5 December 1989). "PSU no confidence in Rally-Libs". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  25. ^ Lynch, Amanda; Hobson, Karen (25 November 1989). "Kaine and Collaery: the cracks emerger". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  26. ^ "Whalan tells of alliance 'hit list'". The Canberra Times. 30 November 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  27. ^ Lynch, Amanda (5 December 1989). "Labor challenge ruled out". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  28. ^ "Duby deals doom to Follett". The Canberra Times. 5 December 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  29. ^ "Hansard of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly" (PDF). hansard.act.gov.au. 5 December 1989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 April 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  30. ^ Coelli, Andree (6 December 1989). "Alliance takes the reins". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  31. ^ "Alliance takes the reins". The Canberra Times. 6 December 1989. p. 13. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  32. ^ "Duby: Oh, no, that's not what I said at all". The Canberra Times. 6 December 1988. p. 13. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  33. ^ "'Business-like' ministries". The Canberra Times. 8 December 1989. p. 2. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  34. ^ "THE FIRST KAlNE MINISTRY" (PDF). legislation.act.gov.au. 5 December 1989. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  35. ^ Coelli, Andree (14 December 1989). "Government reduces committee numbers". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  36. ^ "Govt toys with six ministries". The Canberra Times. 15 December 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  37. ^ Bird, Megan (10 April 1990). "Duby loses licence over breath test". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  38. ^ "Hansard of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly" (PDF). hansard.act.gov.au. 29 May 1990. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 18 May 2013.
  39. ^ "Duby 'should step down'". The Canberra Times. 25 May 1990. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  40. ^ "Duby says he 'thought of resigning'". The Canberra Times. 3 June 1990. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  41. ^ Mason, Leanne (7 August 1990). "Prowse makes Liberal approach". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  42. ^ Mason, Leanne (11 August 1990). "Prowse bid accepted by Lib Party". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  43. ^ Robinson, Derek (12 August 1990). "Resign, or be voted out". The Canberra Times. p. 6. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  44. ^ "Alliance still credible next vote: Kaine". The Canberra Times. 29 August 1990. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  45. ^ "Alliance in trouble, voters narked: poll". The Canberra Times. 19 May 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  46. ^ "It's 'all over' for the Rally". The Canberra Times. 28 August 1990. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  47. ^ Mason, Leanne (21 May 1991). "Alliance Government a failure, ACT poll finds". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  48. ^ Hobbs, Philip (13 November 1990). "Residents Rally members celebrate a 'tense' third birthday". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  49. ^ "Kinloch chips at Alliance". The Canberra Times. 6 September 1990. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  50. ^ "Kinloch chips at Alliance". The Canberra Times. 6 September 1990. p. 2. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  51. ^ "A year on, an all-round Alliance celebration". The Canberra Times. 6 December 1990. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  52. ^ Mason, Leanne (23 January 1991). "Alliance to 'cooperate' with ALP: Collaery". The Canberra Times. p. 2. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  53. ^ Hobbs, Philip (11 March 1991). "Early Budget plan to keep Alliance safe". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  54. ^ "Timing question for the Alliance". The Canberra Times. 12 March 1990. p. 8. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  55. ^ a b "Kinloch stays in Assembly and party but will 'stand up and be counted'". The Canberra Times. 27 April 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  56. ^ "Kaine: crisis in Rally, not Govt". The Canberra Times. 28 April 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  57. ^ Uhlmann, Chris (29 April 1991). "Collaery denies 'crisis' in Rally". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  58. ^ Mason, Leanne (30 April 1991). "Democrats say no to coalition with Liberals". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
  59. ^ a b c "Kaine's showdown". The Canberra Times. 30 May 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  60. ^ Mason, Leanne (30 May 1991). "The Rally 'remains in a very powerful position'". The Canberra Times. p. 6. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  61. ^ "Don't sign yet, Chief Minister, warns Rosemary". The Canberra Times. 31 May 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  62. ^ "Hansard of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly" (PDF). hansard.act.gov.au. 29 May 1991. p. 3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2024. Mr Speaker, there seems to be a misapprehension that because of that there will no longer be an Alliance Government in some other form. That is quite wrong. All that it means, Mr Speaker, is that the remaining two members of the Residents Rally, of the four original members of this Assembly, are no longer a part of the Government.
  63. ^ a b Uhlmann, Chris (7 June 1991). "Duby's victory champagne goes flat". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  64. ^ Brough, Jodie (30 May 1991). "Two days of events that decided the end of the Alliance". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  65. ^ Mason, Leanne (2 June 1991). "Labor, Rally in talks on Govt". The Canberra Times. p. 3. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  66. ^ "Follett lobbies for four votes in move to topple Kaine". The Canberra Times. 5 June 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  67. ^ Mason, Leanne (6 June 1991). "Kaine laughs at Rally power bid". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  68. ^ "Rally still undecided on vote". The Canberra Times. 6 June 1991. p. 1. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  69. ^ a b Mason, Leanne (7 June 1991). "Follett retakes Govt". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  70. ^ Clack, Peter (9 June 1991). "Political fortunes change for Kaine". The Canberra Times. p. 18. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  71. ^ "Hansard of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly" (PDF). hansard.act.gov.au. 6 June 1991. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  72. ^ Hobbs, Philip (12 June 1991). "Liberals move to drop Kaine as leader". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  73. ^ Clack, Peter (21 July 1991). "Humphries ditched". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  74. ^ Sibley, David (2 June 1991). "ACT Libs see Kaine as 'poor communicator and intransigent'". The Canberra Times. p. 1. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
  75. ^ "Libs back Kaine, says Leedman". The Canberra Times. 3 June 1991. p. 2. Retrieved 21 October 2024.
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