Edwin Sandys (bishop)

The Most Reverend

Edwin Sandys
The Most Reverend; Edwin Sandys
Archbishop of York
	As bishop of London, 1571
Installed	1576
Term ended	1588
Predecessor	Edmund Grindal
Successor	John Piers
Other post(s)	Bishop of Worcester; (1559–1570); Bishop of London; (1570–1576)
Personal details
Born	c. 1519; Esthwaite Hall
Died	10 July 1588
Buried	Southwell Minster
Spouse	Mary Sandys; Cecily Wilford
Alma mater	St John's College, Cambridge

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Edwin Sandys (/ˈsændz/; 1519 – 10 July 1588) was an English prelate. He was Anglican Bishop of Worcester (1559–1570), London (1570–1576) and Archbishop of York (1576–1588) during the reign of Elizabeth I of England. He was one of the translators of the Bishops' Bible.

Early years and education

Edwin was born in 1519 at Esthwaite Hall, which is 1 mile south of Hawkshead, Cumbria, on the road to Newby Bridge. The Hall nestles in the valley and overlooks Esthwaite Water. Today it is still a family home, although the Sandys family now reside in the grander Graythwaite Hall, a few miles further south. He was the son of William Sandys and Margaret Dixon.

Whilst there is a theory that young Edwin received his early education at Furness Abbey, it is believed by Collinson^[1] that both Edmund Grindal and Edwin Sandys shared a childhood, quite probably in St Bees, and were educated together. A branch of the Sandys family lived at Rottington Hall near St Bees. The heralds in 1563 knew the family as"...of St Bees in the County of Cumberland", and Sandys himself recalled that he and Grindal had lived "familiarly" and "as brothers" and were only separated between Sandys's 13th and 18th Years. The St Bees registers are full of Sandys, and it thought likely that Sandys grew up at Rottington. However, his place of education is not recorded, though it is known that the Marian martyr John Bland was the schoolmaster of Sandys.^[1] Edwin Sandys kept one step behind Edmund Grindal in his subsequent career, succeeding him as bishop of London, and then archbishop of York.^[1]

He went up to St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1539 and then a Doctor of Divinity ten years later.^[2] In 1547 he was elected master of Catharine Hall and by the death of Edward VI in 1553 he was Vice Chancellor of the university.

Exile

On the death of King Edward, the Duke of Northumberland sought to avoid a Roman Catholic monarchy by placing Lady Jane Grey on the throne. He and his followers arrived in Cambridge to raise an army in East Anglia and demanded that Edwin Sandys preach a sermon. When the rebellion failed and Mary Tudor took the throne, Edwin was arrested and taken to the Tower of London. For this he is mentioned in Foxe's Book of Martyrs.^[3] Later he was moved to more comfortable conditions in Marshalsea prison where he made friends with the prison keeper who connived at his escape.

He went first to Antwerp and then Augsburg and Strasbourg where his wife joined him. His wife and infant son died there of a plague. He then lived in Zürich until the accession of Elizabeth I made it safe for him to return to England; on the day of Elizabeth's coronation. On 19 February 1559 he married Cicely Wilford, sister of James Wilford.

Archbishop of York

On his return he became successively Bishop of Worcester, Bishop of London and Archbishop of York. He helped in the translation of a new version of the Bishops' Bible. Sandys's own personal copy may be seen in the Hawkshead Grammar School Museum in Cumbria.

Along with other Marian exiles, who returned to positions of wealth and importance, Archbishop Sandys was concerned that true religion and sound learning would forever flourish in the land. They saw the necessity of education for religion's sake and the need for the Church of England to hold their own in discussion with Roman Catholics. To these ends Edwin Sandys founded Hawkshead Grammar School in 1585 and endowed it with sufficient land and property for it to offer a free education.

Sandys died on 10 July 1588, and was buried in Southwell Minster in Nottinghamshire.

Family

Sandys was twice married. His first wife, Mary Sandys, died in 1558 at Strasbourg. They had one son:^[4]

James Sandys (died 1557, Strasbourg)

On 19 February 1559, Sandys married Cicely Wilford, daughter of Thomas Wilford and sister of James Wilford. They had the following children:^[4]

Sir Samuel Sandys (1560–1623)
Sir Edwin Sandys (1561–1629), Treasurer of the Virginia Company of London
Sir Miles Sandys (1563–1645)
William Sandys (born 1565), died young
Margaret Sandys (1566–1611), married Anthony Aucher, and gave birth to Elizabeth Archer, who married Sir William Hammond.
Thomas Sandys (1568–c. 1634), colonist, a first settler of Jamestown, Virginia
Anne Sandys (1570–c. 1629), married Sir William Barne
Henry Sandys (1572–1626)
George Sandys (1578–1644), traveller and poet, colonist in Virginia

In 1604 Cicely Sandys enlisted the support of Anne of Denmark in an unsuccessful attempt to found a university at Ripon in Yorkshire.^[5]

Family tree of Edwin Sandys, Archbishop of York

William Sandys

Edwin Sandys
(1519–1588)
Archbishop of York

Miles Sandys
(c. 1520–1601)

Baronet, 1611

Samuel Sandys
(1560–1623)

Edwin Sandys
(1561–1629)

also James, William,
Margaret (Aucher),
Thomas, Henry

Miles Sandys
(1563–1645)

Anne Sandys
(1570–c. 1629)
m. William Barne

George Sandys
(1578–1644)
poet

Edwin Sandys
(c. 1564–1608)
m. Elizabeth, dau. of
William, 3rd Baron Sandys

William Sandys
(1565–1641)

Edwin Sandys
(1591–1623)

Henry Sandys
(c. 1607–1640)

Edwin Sandys
(d. 1642)
killed in Civil War

Miles Sandys
(d. 1654)

Anne Barne
(1587–1633)
m(1) William Lovelace
m(2) Jonathan Browne

Henry Sandys
5th Baron Sandys
(d. 1644)
killed in Civil War
m. Jane, dau. of
William Sandys

Miles Sandys
(c. 1601–1636)

William Sandys
(c. 1607–1669)
"Waterworks"

Samuel Sandys
(1615–1685)

Richard Sandys
(d. 1669)

Richard Lovelace
(1617–1657)
poet

Francis Lovelace
(c. 1621–1675)
Govr. of New York

William, 6th Baron
Henry, 7th Baron
Edwin, 8th Baron

Baronet, 1684

Samuel Sandys
(c. 1637–1701)

Richard Sandys
(1670–1726)

James Madison
U.S. President

Edwin Sandys
(1659–1699)

Baron Sandys, 1743

Samuel Sandys
1st Baron Sandys
(1695–1770)
Chancellor of the Exchequer

Edwin Sandys
2nd Baron Sandys
(1726–1797)

Martin Sandys
(1729–1768)

Baron Sandys, 1802

Mary Sandys
1st Baroness Sandys
(1764–1836)
m. Arthur Hill, 2nd
Marquess of Downshire

Marquesses of Downshire
Barons Sandys

Disambiguation pages: Edwin Sandys · Henry Sandys · Miles Sandys · Samuel Sandys
See also: Marquesses of Downshire family tree

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Patrick Collinson – "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583 The struggle for a reformed church" 1979 ISBN 0-224-01703-9
^ "Sandys, Edwin (SNDS519E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
^ Foxe J, Actes and Monuments of these Latter and Perillous Days, Touching Matters of the Church' (Foxe's Book of Martyrs)
^ ^a ^b "Edwin Sandys (Archbishop of York)". Tudor Place. Retrieved 1 October 2019.
^ Francis Peck, Desiderata Curiosa, vol. 1 (London, 1779), p. 290.

Archbold, W. A. J. (1897). "Sandys, Edwin (1516?-1588)" . In Lee, Sidney (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 50. London: Smith, Elder & Co.

Academic offices
Preceded by Reginald Bainbrigge	Master of St Catharine's College, Cambridge 1547–1554	Succeeded by Edmund Cosyn
Preceded by Edward Hawford	Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University 1552–1553	Succeeded by John Young
Church of England titles
Preceded by Richard Pate	Bishop of Worcester 1559–1570	Succeeded by Nicholas Bullingham
Preceded by Edmund Grindal	Bishop of London 1570–1576	Succeeded by John Aylmer
Preceded by Edmund Grindal	Archbishop of York 1577–1588	Succeeded by John Piers

External links

[collinson-1] Patrick Collinson – "Archbishop Grindal 1519–1583 The struggle for a reformed church" 1979 ISBN 0-224-01703-9

[2] "Sandys, Edwin (SNDS519E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.

[3] Foxe J, Actes and Monuments of these Latter and Perillous Days, Touching Matters of the Church' (Foxe's Book of Martyrs)

[TudorPlace-4] "Edwin Sandys (Archbishop of York)". Tudor Place. Retrieved 1 October 2019.

[5] Francis Peck, Desiderata Curiosa, vol. 1 (London, 1779), p. 290.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

v t e Bishops of Worcester
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High medieval	Wulfstan (I) Leofsige Beorhtheah Lyfing Ælfric Puttoc Lyfing Ealdred Wulfstan (II) Samson Theulf Simon John de Pageham Alured Roger Baldwin of Forde William of Northall Robert FitzRalph Henry de Sully John of Coutances Mauger Randulf of Evesham Walter de Gray Sylvester William de Blois Walter de Cantilupe Nicholas of Ely Godfrey Giffard
Late medieval	John St German William Gainsborough Walter Reynolds Walter Maidstone Thomas Cobham Wulstan Bransford Adam Orleton Simon Montacute Thomas Hemenhale Wulstan Bransford John of Thoresby Reginald Brian John Barnet William Whittlesey William Lenn Walter Lyghe Henry Wakefield Robert Tideman of Winchcombe Richard Clifford Thomas Peverel Philip Morgan Thomas Polton Thomas Brunce Thomas Bourchier John Carpenter ("Bishop of Worcester and Westbury") John Alcock Robert Morton Giovanni de' Gigli
Early modern	Silvestro de' Gigli Girolamo Ghinucci Hugh Latimer John Bell Nicholas Heath John Hooper, Bishop of Worcester and Gloucester Nicholas Heath Richard Pate Edwin Sandys Nicholas Bullingham John Whitgift Edmund Freke Richard Fletcher Thomas Bilson Gervase Babington Henry Parry John Thornborough John Prideaux Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) George Morley John Gauden John Earle Robert Skinner Walter Blandford James Fleetwood William Thomas Edward Stillingfleet William Lloyd John Hough Isaac Maddox James Johnson Brownlow North Richard Hurd
Late modern	Folliott Cornewall Robert Carr Henry Pepys Henry Philpott John Perowne Charles Gore Huyshe Yeatman-Biggs Ernest Pearce Arthur Perowne William Wilson Cash Mervyn Charles-Edwards Robin Woods Philip Goodrich Peter Selby John Inge

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During the Reformation	John Stokesley Edmund Bonner (1st) Nicholas Ridley Edmund Bonner (2nd)
Post-Reformation	Edmund Grindal Edwin Sandys John Aylmer Richard Fletcher Richard Bancroft Richard Vaughan Thomas Ravis George Abbot John King George Montaigne William Laud William Juxon Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) William Juxon Gilbert Sheldon Humphrey Henchman Henry Compton John Robinson Edmund Gibson Thomas Sherlock Thomas Hayter Richard Osbaldeston Richard Terrick Robert Lowth Beilby Porteus John Randolph William Howley Charles James Blomfield Archibald Campbell Tait John Jackson Frederick Temple Mandell Creighton Arthur Winnington-Ingram Geoffrey Fisher William Wand Henry Montgomery Campbell Robert Stopford Gerald Ellison Graham Leonard David Hope Richard Chartres Pete Broadbent (Acting) Sarah Mullally

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Pre-Reformation archbishops	Egbert Æthelbert Eanbald I Eanbald II Wulfsige Wigmund Wulfhere Æthelbald Hrotheweard Wulfstan I Oscytel Edwald Oswald Ealdwulf Wulfstan II Ælfric Puttoc Cynesige Ealdred Thomas of Bayeux Gerard Thomas II Thurstan William FitzHerbert Henry Murdac William FitzHerbert Roger de Pont L'Évêque Geoffrey Plantagenet Simon Langton Walter de Gray Sewal de Bovil Godfrey Ludham William Langton Bonaventure Walter Giffard William de Wickwane John le Romeyn Henry of Newark Thomas of Corbridge William Greenfield William Melton William Zouche John of Thoresby Alexander Neville Thomas Arundel Robert Waldby Richard le Scrope Thomas Langley Robert Hallam Henry Bowet Philip Morgan Richard Fleming John Kemp William Booth George Neville Lawrence Booth Thomas Rotherham Thomas Savage Christopher Bainbridge Thomas Wolsey
Post-Reformation archbishops	Edward Lee Robert Holgate Nicholas Heath Thomas Young Edmund Grindal Edwin Sandys John Piers Matthew Hutton Tobias Matthew George Montaigne Samuel Harsnett Richard Neile John Williams Episcopacy abolished (Commonwealth) Accepted Frewen Richard Sterne John Dolben Thomas Lamplugh John Sharp Sir William Dawes Bt Lancelot Blackburne Thomas Herring Matthew Hutton John Gilbert Robert Hay Drummond William Markham Edward Venables-Vernon-Harcourt Thomas Musgrave Charles Longley William Thomson William Connor Magee William Maclagan Cosmo Lang William Temple Cyril Garbett Michael Ramsey Donald Coggan Stuart Blanch John Habgood David Hope John Sentamu Paul Ferguson (acting diocesan) Stephen Cottrell

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18th century	Thomas Richardson Charles Ashton George Bramston Sir John Ellys Bardsey Fisher John Balderston Edward Lany John Covel Charles Roderick Nathaniel Lloyd Gabriel Quadring John Adams Thomas Green Thomas Sherlock Daniel Waterland William Grigg Sir Thomas Gooch Thomas Crosse Andrew Snape William Savage John Davies Joseph Craven Robert Lambert John Frankland Robert Lambert Matthias Mawson Charles Morgan Roger Long William Towers John Adams John Wilcox William Richardson John Whalley Edward Hubbard Sir Edward Simpson William Sedgwick Robert Smith William George Kenrick Prescot George Rooke Edmund Castle Francis Parris Thomas Chapman Edmund Keene John Wilcox Philip Yonge Hugh Thomas Edmund Law John Sumner John Green Lynford Caryl Sir James Burrough George Sandby Robert Plumptre Peter Godard William Elliston John Barnardiston William Samuel Powell John Smith Sir James Marriott John Hinchliffe William Richardson John Sumner James Brown William Cooke Lynford Caryl Hon. Barton Wallop Richard Farmer John Chevallier Hugh Thomas Robert Plumptre William Colman Lowther Yates John Barker Richard Beadon John Torkington Peter Peckard Joseph Turner Sir James Marriott William Elliston Richard Farmer Francis Barnes William Pearce William Craven Thomas Postlethwaite Isaac Milner William Colman Lowther Yates Philip Douglas Richard Fisher Belward Robert Cory Humphrey Sumner William Lort Mansel William Gretton
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