Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1963
Eurovision Song Contest 1963 | ||||
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Participating broadcaster | Belgische Radio- en Televisieomroep (BRT) | |||
Country | Belgium | |||
National selection | ||||
Selection process | Canzonissima[1] | |||
Selection date(s) | 16 February 1963 | |||
Selected artist(s) | Jacques Raymond | |||
Selected song | "Waarom?" | |||
Selected songwriter(s) |
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Finals performance | ||||
Final result | 10th, 4 points | |||
Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest | ||||
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Belgium was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1963 with the song "Waarom?", composed by Hans Flower with lyrics by Wim Brabants, and performed by Jacques Raymond. The Belgian participating broadcaster, Flemish Belgische Radio- en Televisieomroep (BRT), selected its entry through a national final. Raymond had previously finished second in the 1961 national final, and would later represent the country in a duet with Lily Castel in 1971.
Before Eurovision
[edit]Canzonissima
[edit]Canzonissima was the national final format developed by Flemish broadcaster Belgische Radio- en Televisieomroep (BRT) which determined the song that would represent Belgium at the Eurovision Song Contest 1963. The competition consisted of nine semi-finals held between October 1962 and February 1963, and a final on 16 February 1963.[2]
Canzonissima 1963 was the first of four series of the show, with seasons in 1966-1967, 1967-1968, and 1970-1971. The 1966-1967 and 1970-1971 editions of the show acted as BRT's national final for the Eurovision Song Contest in their respective years. The Canzonissima format would also inspire the format for Eurosong 1975, the first edition of Eurosong – the long-term Flemish selection for the Eurovision Song Contest.[2]
Format
[edit]Canzonissima 1963 consisted of nine semi-finals and final. Each semi-final consisted of twelve songs which would be scored by a jury panel and through audience voting. The top three songs from each semi-final qualified to the next semi-final, whilst the remaining songs would be eliminated and be replaced with new songs in the next semi-final. For a song to qualify to the final, it would have to finish in the top three in three consecutive semi-finals.[2]
Since songs introduced in semi-finals 8 and 9 could not participate in three semi-finals, the rules for qualification were changed in semi-final 9. Instead, songs would have to get more than the average number of points that every song that qualified to the final got in their last semi-final.[2]
Competing Entries
[edit]Twelve artists, chosen by BRT, competed in Canzonissima 1963: Bob Benny, Chris Ellis, Enny Denita , Freddy Sunder , Jacques Raymond, Jean Walter, Jo Leemans, Lieve Olga, Lize Marke, Rina Pia , Staf Wesenbeek, and Will Ferdy.[2] However, a list published by Brugsch Handelsblad prior to the start of the first show claimed that Chris Wijnen would compete, instead of Bob Benny.[3]
BRT opened submission periods for interested composers for all nine semi-finals separately.[3] The submission deadline for each semi-final was 21 days prior to the airing of that semi-final.[3] All submissions had to be anonymous (the names of the songwriter(s) of an entry were only revealed after a song was chosent to compete), include the lyrics and at least a piano score of the song, not have been published beforehand, and had to last no longer than 3½ minutes.[3] A total of 88 songs were chosen to compete in Canzonissima 1963.[2]
The songwriter(s) of a song were allowed to pick which of the twelve artists they would like to perform their song.[3] However, BRT did not always follow the songwriter(s) recommendation.[2][3] If a songwriter did not specify an artist then the same jury that chose the competing entries would select an artist for them.[3]
Artist | Song | Songwriter(s) | |
---|---|---|---|
Composer | Lyricist | ||
Bob Benny | "Dans een polka" | A. Vetsy | Frankie Woods |
"Estramadura" | P. Vanondzeil | Yvonne Lex | |
"Kleine blauwe zwaluw" | Clem De Ridder | Armand Preud'homme | |
"Mia bella Marinella" | Fer Roes | ||
"Morgen is 't weer vakantietijd" | Jacques Raymond, Ronny Clarck | Jacques Raymond | |
"Twee harten" | Henri Wolfaert | ||
"Van hart tot hart" | And. Simons | ||
Chris Ellis | "Geen eigenwijze nozem" | Leon van Ingelgem | Hektor van den Eede |
"In de lente van mijn leven" | André Frère | ||
"In Shangai" | Ernie Frank, Noel Lambré | ||
"Paris" | Roger Snoeck | Ke Riema | |
"Toen... werd ik verliefd" | C. Knegtel, Louis Baret , Louis van Rymenant | ||
"Veel mooier" | Jean Marryn | M. Demil | |
Enny Denita | "De eerste melodie" | Nelly D'Hondt | Frans Buermans |
"Heimwee naar mijn dorpje" | Armand Beliën | Maurits Willems, Hellemans | |
"Laat ons dromen" | Jean Corti | Leopold Loos | |
"Leugens" | Aimé Demuydt, Marcel Hellemans | Marcel Hellemans | |
"Mijn droom is voorbij" | Omer de Cock | Frans Buermans | |
"Song festival" | Dave Baker, Marcel Hellemans | Marcel Hellemans | |
"Verlangen" | Marcel Hellemans | Henk van Montfoort | |
"Wanneer de rozen bloeien" | Hans Flower | Clem De Ridder | |
Freddy Sunder | "De lente in mijn hart" | Cl. Moreau | Frankie Woods |
"Dingen waarvan ik veel hou" | M. van der Linden | ||
"Namanouito" | Roger Snoeck | Ke Riema | |
"O wist je" | L. Logie | ||
"Ontrouw" | Freddy Sunder | François Vermetten | |
Jacques Raymond | "De oude berkenboom" | Guido Van Hove | Emiel Van Hove |
"Denk steeds aan mij" | A. Gork | E. Nelly | |
"Het beloofde land" | Paul Quintens | Phil van Cauwenbergh | |
"Het geluk" | A. Van Steyvoort, L. Van Steyvoort | ||
"Illusie" | Jacques Raymond, Ronny Clarck | Jacques Raymond | |
"Fata morgana" | L. van Rymenant, Jef Van den Berg | Ernie Sons | |
"Langs de blauwe wegen" | Jef Van den Berg | Valeer Van Kerckhoven | |
"Romantiek" | Val Dewaert | ||
"Voorbij" | Jef Van den Berg | Henk van Montfoort | |
"Waarom?" | Hans Flower | Clem De Ridder | |
Jean Walter | "Als je lacht... (ben je veel mooier)" | Jef Van den Berg | Leonard van Dijck |
"Belinda" | Al Van Dam , Jean Walter | Louis Baret | |
"Blauw, blauw" | A. Vetsy | Frankie Woods | |
"De gouden wals" | Paul Bouveroux | Clem De Ridder | |
"Erna" | Hans Flower | Co Flower | |
"Hello aardig meisje" | Wilfried De Puydt | ||
"Op mijn schildersatelier" | Jef Van den Berg | ||
"Snel gaat de tijd" | Jean Walter, Willy Albimoor, Ke Riema | ||
"Stof en as" | Hans Flower | Frans Buermans | |
Jo Leemans | "'k Ben zo gelukkig" | Jef Van den Berg | Henk van Montfoort |
"Een lied" | Paul Quintens | Phil Van Cauwenbergh | |
"Er zweeft een engel" | Will Ferdy, F. Coene | Willy Hartman | |
"Kleurensymfonie" | Jef Van den Berg | Anton Peters | |
"Levensdroom" | Jacques Raymond | ||
"Mambo op het strand" | Freddy Bruce, Dave Baker | Jo Deensen | |
"Meer dan eens" | Val Dewaert | ||
"Zo mooi" | Pol Dorlois | ||
Lieve Olga | "Con amore" | Marius Mario | Huby Hermans |
"Ik hou van Antwerpen" | Willy Lauwens | ||
"Vierentwintig uren" | Jef Van den Berg | Franz van den Bosch | |
"Zij aan zij" | A. van Steyvoort | Nelly Byl | |
Lize Marke | "3 x 3 = 9" | Jef Van den Berg | Valeer Van Kerckhoven |
"Alleen maar 'liedjes zingen'" | Armand Beliën | Gust Van Gool | |
"Het houten brugje" | Jef Van den Berg | B. Gillaerts | |
"Luister naar de wind" | André Poppe | Lia Cliquet | |
"Mijn engel" | Jozef Bergers, Val Dewaert | ||
"Saksisch porselein" | Pol Dorlois | ||
"Troubadour" | Pol Dorlois | ||
Rina Pia | "Antonio" | Al Van Dam | Louis Baret |
"Dat is hij" | Marcel Denies | Henk van Montfoort | |
"Dromen" | Al Van Dam | Ernie Sons | |
"Er speelt een orgel" | Al Van Dam | Ernie Sons | |
"Het sprookje" | Al Van Dam | Ernie Sons | |
"Mijn kleine gouden ster" | Jacques Raymond, Ronny Clarck | ||
"'t Was met mimosa" | Al Van Dam | Louis Baret | |
"Zeg mij dat mijn hart" | Al Van Dam | Louis Baret | |
Staf Wesenbeek | "Als jij maar bij me bent" | Ben Maes | Ke Riema |
"Blij refrein" | Willy Claes | Bert Champagne | |
"Dat klein gebaar" | André Van Steyvoort | Lieve Van Steyvoort | |
"Dromen aan 't kanaal" | Jef Van den Berg | Franz van den Bosch | |
"Heimwee naar jou" | Jacques Raymond, Ronny Clarck | Jacques Raymond | |
"Kom, zeg me eens" | Val. Dewaert | Kestens-Dewaert | |
"Nooit meer" | Ernie Frank, Noel Lambré | ||
"Slechts jij alleen" | Paul Quintens | Phil Van Cauwenbergh | |
"Zonder jou" | Henk van Montfoort , Marcel Denies | Louis Baret | |
Will Ferdy | "Dag lieve juffrouw lente" | Armand Preud'homme | Lode Verbeeck |
"'k Had het willen zien" | Hans Flower | Louis Baret | |
"Het straatje" | Henri Cordon | ||
"Kleine jongen" | Paul Bouveroux, B. Gillaerts | ||
"Lente" | Will Ferdy, F. Coene | Louis Verbeeck | |
"Ode aan de zon" | Henk van Montfoort , Marcel Denies | Henk van Montfoort | |
"Toen" | J. Marinto | Ke Riema |
Shows
[edit]Semi-Finals
[edit]Voting in the semi-finals was done by an applause meter and a 5-member jury panel. The applause meter gave out 1 to 50 points depending on how loud the applause from the audience was, but since it only counted noise, boos were also counted by the applause meter. The 5-member jury panel consisted of Pieter Leemans, Jef Claessen, Frank Engelen , Gaston Nuyts , and Gerd Mertens, who would each give out 1 to 10 points to every song.[2]
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jo Leemans | "Mambo op het strand" | 19 | 23 | 42 | 9= |
2 | Staf Wesenbeek | "Dromen aan 't kanaal" | 34 | 39 | 73 | 2 |
3 | Lieve Olga | "Vierentwintig uren" | 16 | 26 | 42 | 9= |
4 | Jacques Raymond | "Het beloofde land" | 25 | 23 | 48 | 7 |
5 | Lize Marke | "Saksisch porselein" | 27 | 45 | 72 | 3 |
6 | Freddy Sunder | "Dingen waarvan ik veel hou" | 15 | 29 | 44 | 8 |
7 | Will Ferdy | "Dag lieve juffrouw lente" | 21 | 39 | 60 | 5 |
8 | Rina Pia | "'t Was met mimosa" | 13 | 26 | 39 | 12 |
9 | Bob Benny | "Kleine blauwe zwaluw" | 50 | 36 | 86 | 1 |
10 | Chris Ellis | "Paris" | 29 | 39 | 68 | 4 |
11 | Jean Walter | "Als je lacht... (ben je veel mooier)" | 15 | 42 | 57 | 6 |
12 | Enny Denita | "Laat ons dromen" | 19 | 23 | 42 | 9= |
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Bob Benny | "Mia bella Marinella" | 38 | 33 | 71 | 5 |
2 | Enny Denita | "De eerste melodie" | 32 | 25 | 57 | 9= |
3 | Staf Wesenbeek | "Dromen aan 't kanaal" | 32 | 31 | 63 | 8 |
4 | Lize Marke | "Het houten brugje" | 45 | 29 | 74 | 3 |
5 | Jean Walter | "Op mijn schildersatelier" | 25 | 22 | 47 | 12 |
6 | Rina Pia | "Dat is hij | 36 | 19 | 55 | 11 |
7 | Jacques Raymond | "Voorbij" | 32 | 32 | 64 | 7 |
8 | Lize Marke | "Saksisch porselein" | 45 | 41 | 86 | 1 |
9 | Staf Wesenbeek | "Dat klein gebaar" | 31 | 26 | 57 | 9= |
10 | Bob Benny | "Kleine blauwe zwaluw" | 41 | 31 | 72 | 4 |
11 | Jo Leemans | "'k Ben zo gelukkig" | 43 | 26 | 69 | 6 |
12 | Will Ferdy | "Ode aan de zon" | 43 | 33 | 76 | 2 |
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Will Ferdy | "Kleine jongen" | 33 | 25 | 58 | 10 |
2 | Lize Marke | "Het houten brugje" | 45 | 30 | 75 | 4 |
3 | Jean Walter | "De gouden wals" | 31 | 29 | 60 | 9 |
4 | Jo Leemans | "Levensdroom" | 41 | 20 | 61 | 8 |
5 | Freddy Sunder | "Namanouito" | 38 | 19 | 57 | 11 |
6 | Lieve Olga | "Ik hou van Antwerpen" | 34 | 18 | 52 | 12 |
8 | Rina Pia | "Er speelt een orgel" | 46 | 38 | 84 | 2 |
9 | Staf Wesenbeek | "Zonder jou" | 50 | 22 | 72 | 6= |
10 | Lize Marke | "Saksisch porselein" | 50 | 41 | 91 | 1 |
11 | Jacques Raymond | "Langs de blauwe wegen" | 43 | 31 | 74 | 5 |
12 | Chris Ellis | "Toen... werd ik verliefd | 50 | 22 | 72 | 6= |
After semi-final 3, "Ode aan de zon" was disqualified as it was released by the composer Henk van Montfoort. Because of this, the 4th places of semi-final 2 and semi-final 3 were added to semi-final 4, causing it to have 14 songs instead of 12.[2]
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jacques Raymond | "Illusie" | 34 | 30 | 64 | 9= |
2 | Chris Ellis | "In Shangai" | 38 | 17 | 55 | 13= |
3 | Staf Wesenbeek | "Nooit meer" | 36 | 19 | 55 | 13= |
4 | Rina Pia | "Er speelt een orgel" | 44 | 36 | 80 | 1 |
5 | Bob Benny | "Van hart tot hart" | 37 | 32 | 69 | 6 |
6 | Lize Marke | "Het houten brugje" | 36 | 30 | 66 | 7 |
7 | Jacques Raymond | "Het geluk" | 42 | 23 | 65 | 8 |
9 | Lieve Olga | "Zij aan zij" | 44 | 20 | 64 | 9= |
10 | Freddy Sunder | "O wist je" | 44 | 26 | 70 | 5 |
11 | Jo Leemans | "Zo mooi" | 41 | 30 | 71 | 4 |
12 | Jean Walter | "Hello aardig meisje" | 32 | 25 | 57 | 12 |
13 | Enny Denita | "Mijn droom is voorbij" | 40 | 35 | 75 | 3 |
14 | Staf Wesenbeek | "Als jij maar bij me bent" | 35 | 25 | 60 | 11 |
After semi-final 4, "Kleine blauwe zwaluw" was disqualified as Bob Benny had published the song. Instead, "Zo mooi" by Jo Leemans qualified for the next semi-final.[2]
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Rina Pia | "Antonio" | 35 | 21 | 56 | 9 |
2 | Lize Marke | "Alleen maar 'liedjes zingen'" | 37 | 26 | 63 | 4 |
3 | Jean Walter | "Belinda" | 35 | 24 | 59 | 7 |
4 | Enny Denita | "Heimwee naar mijn dorpje" | 23 | 21 | 44 | 12 |
5 | Jo Leemans | "Een lied" | 30 | 28 | 58 | 8 |
6 | Will Ferdy | "'k Had het willen zien" | 25 | 36 | 61 | 5 |
7 | Rina Pia | "Er speelt een orgel" | 36 | 39 | 75 | 1 |
8 | Lieve Olga | "Con amore" | 42 | 24 | 66 | 3 |
9 | Bob Benny | "Morgen is 't weer vakantietijd" | 25 | 30 | 55 | 10= |
10 | Chris Ellis | "Geen eigenwijze nozem" | 28 | 27 | 55 | 10= |
11 | Enny Denita | "Mijn droom is voorbij" | 21 | 39 | 60 | 6 |
12 | Jo Leemans | "Zo mooi" | 37 | 35 | 72 | 2 |
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jacques Raymond | "Fata morgana" | 25 | 18 | 43 | 10= |
2 | Chris Ellis | "In de lente van mijn leven" | 24 | 15 | 39 | 12 |
3 | Stef Wesenbeek | "Blij refrein" | 30 | 21 | 51 | 7 |
4 | Rina Pia | "Dromen" | 34 | 33 | 67 | 1 |
5 | Freddy Sunder | "De lente in mijn hart" | 26 | 20 | 46 | 9 |
6 | Jo Leemans | "Zo mooi" | 25 | 37 | 62 | 3= |
7 | Jean Walter | "Blauw, blauw" | 28 | 20 | 48 | 8 |
8 | Enny Denita | "Song festival" | 33 | 23 | 56 | 6 |
9 | Jacques Raymond | "De oude berkenboom" | 26 | 32 | 58 | 5 |
10 | Lieve Olga | "Con amore" | 42 | 22 | 66 | 2 |
11 | Stef Wesenbeek | "Slechts jij alleen" | 26 | 17 | 43 | 10= |
12 | Lize Marke | "3 x 3 = 9" | 37 | 25 | 62 | 3= |
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Rina Pia | "Dromen" | 29 | 34 | 63 | 4 |
2 | Stef Wesenbeek | "Heimwee naar jou" | 23 | 24 | 47 | 9= |
3 | Lize Marke | "3 x 3 = 9" | 34 | 27 | 61 | 5 |
4 | Jacques Raymond | "Waarom?" | 34 | 32 | 66 | 2 |
5 | Enny Denita | "Leugens" | 27 | 26 | 53 | 6 |
6 | Jean Walter | "Stof en as" | 20 | 20 | 40 | 11 |
7 | Lieve Olga | "Con amore" | 39 | 25 | 64 | 3 |
8 | Jo Leemans | "Er zweeft een engel" | 24 | 27 | 51 | 8 |
9 | Bob Benny | "Twee harten" | 27 | 25 | 52 | 7 |
10 | Lize Marke | "Luister naar de wind" | 41 | 39 | 80 | 1 |
11 | Will Ferdy | "Het straatje" | 17 | 20 | 37 | 12 |
12 | Rina Pia | "Het sprookje" | 23 | 24 | 47 | 9= |
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Jacques Raymond | "Romantiek" | 28 | 21 | 49 | 7= |
2 | Enny Denita | "Verlangen" | 23 | 26 | 49 | 7= |
3 | Jean Walter | "Snel gaat de tijd" | 18 | 27 | 45 | 10 |
4 | Lize Marke | "Mijn engel" | 41 | 21 | 62 | 3 |
5 | Will Ferdy | "Lente" | 28 | 29 | 57 | 5 |
6 | Jo Leemans | "Meer dan eens" | 29 | 31 | 60 | 4 |
7 | Stef Wesenbeek | "Kom, zeg me eens" | 24 | 23 | 47 | 9 |
8 | Jacques Raymond | "Waarom?" | 31 | 34 | 65 | 2 |
9 | Lize Marke | "Luister naar de wind" | 50 | 40 | 90 | 1 |
10 | Bob Benny | "Dans een polka" | 34 | 21 | 55 | 6 |
11 | Rina Pia | "Mijn kleine gouden ster" | 22 | 22 | 44 | 11 |
12 | Freddy Sunder | "Ontrouw" | 21 | 18 | 39 | 12 |
Draw | Artist | Song | Public | Jury | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Chris Ellis | "Veel mooier" | 19 | 19 | 38 | 12 |
2 | Jacques Raymond | "Denk steeds aan mij" | 29 | 28 | 57 | 5 |
3 | Lize Marke | "Mijn engel" | 31 | 22 | 53 | 7 |
4 | Will Ferdy | "Toen" | 38 | 19 | 57 | 5 |
5 | Enny Denita | "Wanneer de rozen bloeien" | 16 | 24 | 40 | 11 |
6 | Jean Walter | "Erna" | 25 | 24 | 49 | 8 |
7 | Lize Marke | "Troubadour" | 31 | 28 | 59 | 4 |
8 | Rina Pia | "Zeg mij dat mijn hart" | 22 | 23 | 45 | 10 |
9 | Jacques Raymond | "Waarom?" | 41 | 35 | 76 | 2 |
10 | Lize Marke | "Luister naar de wind" | 50 | 39 | 89 | 1 |
11 | Bob Benny | "Estramadura" | 35 | 27 | 62 | 3 |
12 | Jo Leemans | "Kleurensymfonie" | 16 | 32 | 48 | 9 |
To qualify from the ninth semi-final, songs had to receive at least 73 points, the average number of points that every previous song that qualified to the final got in their last semi-final.[2]
Final
[edit]The final was held on 16 February at the Amerikaans Theater in Brussels, hosted by Denise Maes and Bob Boon .[1] The winner was chosen by two separate juries. The first jury consisted of 20 professionals, while the second jury consisted of 20 people who were mostly winners of De Muziek Kampioen, a Flemish music quiz show. At the start of the show, the hosts explained that the competition was exclusively to select the song that would represent Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1963, and not the artist. However, Jacques Raymond was selected as the performer of "Waarom?" at the Eurovision Song Contest 1963 anyway. Each song was sung twice by two different artists; songs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 were performed by Anita Berry, and song 5 was performed by John De Mol, then every song was performed by the singer who performed it in the semi-finals.[2]
Draw | Artist | Song | Jury 1 | Jury 2 | Total | Place |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Anita Berry | "Saksisch porselein" | 124 | 123 | 247 | 4 |
Lize Marke | ||||||
2 | Anita Berry | "Er speelt een orgel" | 127 | 147 | 274 | 3 |
Rina Pia | ||||||
3 | Anita Berry | "Zo mooi" | 114 | 127 | 241 | 5 |
Jo Leemans | ||||||
4 | Anita Berry | "Con amore" | 60 | 126 | 186 | 6 |
Lieve Olga | ||||||
5 | John de Mol | "Waarom?" | 114 | 178 | 292 | 1 |
Jacques Raymond | ||||||
6 | Anita Berry | "Luister naar de wind" | 169 | 120 | 289 | 2 |
Lize Marke |
At Eurovision
[edit]On the night of the final Raymond performed 14th in the running order, following Sweden and preceding Monaco. Voting was by each national jury awarding 5-4-3-2-1 to their top 5 songs, and at the close of the voting "Waarom?" had received 4 points (all from Austria), placing Belgium 10th of the 16 competing entries. The Belgian jury awarded its 5 points to contest winners Denmark.[4]
Voting
[edit]
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References
[edit]- ^ a b c Canzonissima Finale (Television production) (in Dutch). VRT. 16 February 1963. WP00023586.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Vermeulen, André (2021). Van Canzonissima tot Eurosong. 65 jaar Belgische preselecties voor het Eurovisiesongfestival. Leuven: Kritak. ISBN 978-94-014-7609-6. OCLC 1240241113.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Belgische bijdrage tot het Eurovizie Songfestival 1963". Brugsch Handelsblad. 1 September 1962. p. 28. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
- ^ a b c "Results of the Final of London 1963". Eurovision Song Contest. Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 30 March 2021.