User:Artemis Andromeda/sandbox/Mlynow

Mlynow

Etymology

The name Młynów comes from Młynarska Street, which translates from Polish to Windmill Street. It refers to the large presence of windmills in the area between 18th and 20th centuries.

History

The Election of Stanisław August, a 1778 painting by Bernardo Bellotto, depicting the 1764 royal election of king Stanisław August Poniatowski, which took place in modernday Młynów.

In the Middle Ages, the area of modern Młynów was part of the land estate belonging to the nearby village of Wielka Wola.

In 1575, the fields, currently within boundries of neighbourhoods of Młynów, Koło, and Powązki, was set up as the location for the prosidings of the election seym, during which nobility memebers elected a monarch of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The first prosidings lasted from November to October 1575, when Anna Jagiellon and Stephen Báthory were chosen as the co-rulers. Between 16th and 18th centuries nine more rulers were chosen there. The last election took place there in 1764, when Stanisław August Poniatowski was chosen as the ruler.

In 1792 in Młynów, next to the Powązki Cemetery were opened the Evangelical–Augsburg Cemetery and the Evangelical Reformed Cemetery. At the former, in 1835 was founded the Halpert Chapel, dedicated as a mausoleum to the Halpert family. In 1839 nearby was also opened the Muslim Caucasian Cemetery.

In the 18th century, the area was settled by Germans and Dutch, who then established there food processing industry, and constructed there numerous windmills. At its peak, there were over 100 of them. Some of them were operated until early 20th century.

In 1877, at 2 and 4 Okopowa Street was opened the Wola Hospital. It has futher developed in the 1920s and 1930s, and in 1935, it was moved to 26 Płocka Street. At the time, it had specialised in treating tuberculosis and respiratory diseases. In 1951 it was turned into the Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases.

In the 1880s, businessperson Karol Michler, had bought a parcell at 40 Wolska Street, where were constructed a bakary, steam mill, and a townhouse which became known as the Michler Palace.

At the turn of century, in the area, especially allong the Wolska Street, were constructed tenements. This included a small neighbourhood of Kolonia Wawelberga (Wawelberg's Colony), constructed between 1898 and 1900, and financed by Hipolit and Ludwika Wawelberg. It consisted of three tenements, and was one of the first neighbourhoods in Poland offering cheap housing for working class.

Between 1898 and 1903, at 76 Wolska Street was constructed the Catholic St. Bishop Stanislaus Church. In 1927, it became seat of then-established St. Adalbert Parish.

In 1903, at 2 Młynarska Street was opened the Wola tram depot. It originally serviced the horsecars, and in 1908, it was switched to electric trams.

After war

The neighbourhood had been rebuilt after the war, with multifamily housing, parcially constructed in the socialist realism style.

Between 1949 and 1956, at 8 and 12 Młynarska Street was constructed the PDT Wola department store ownned by Powszechne Domy Towarowe. Throughout the era of the Polish People's Republic (until 1989), there were sold exclusive goods, and it was one of the most popular stores in the city.

On 3 September 1987, at the crossing of Młynarska Street and Wolska Street, had collided two trams. In the accident had died 7 people, and 76 were injured. Later, on the same day, at the Warszawa Włochy railway station had colided two passenger trains, with 8 people dying, and several being injured. The events were dubbed the "Black Thursday". The next day, became the day of mourning in city.

In 1988, near Sokołowska Street was opened the Warszawa Koło railway station. In 2018, it was renovated and renamed to Warszawa Młynów. At the same time, futher to the north, near Obozowa Street, was opened the new station named Warszawa Koło.

On 4 April 2020, at the intersection of Górczewska Street and Syreny Street, was opened the Młynów station of the M2 line of the Warsaw Metro rapid transit underground system.

Notes

https://tustolica.pl/sto-lat-temu-wola-przylaczyla-sie-do-warszawy-czy-moze-warszawa-do-woli_72943

.

Młynarska - "Na Woli wiatraków do woli". Nazwa ulicy pochodzi od wiatraków i młynów, które stały w tamtych okolicach jeszcze na początku XX w. W 1820 roku było ich 16. Młynarska stała się ulicą w czasach stanisławowskich, kiedy to Wola była przedmieściem Warszawy. Pod koniec XVIII wieku założono tu dwa cmentarze ewangelickie: luterański i kalwiński. Na początku XIX wieku ulica została wybrukowana. Na przełomie wieków zmienił się charakter zabudowy - pojawiły się kamienice i kanalizacja. Około roku 1909 wybudowano zajezdnię tramwajową. Podczas powstania zabudowa została prawie doszczętnie zniszczona. Po wojnie ulicę poszerzono. Od nazwy ulicy utworzono nazwę osiedla - Młynów.

http://www.przewodnik.wola.waw.pl/page/1004,historia-woli.html

https://kgpp.pl/2020/06/30/wola-w-przeszlosci-i-dzisiaj/#:~:text=Wola%20to%20dzielnica%2C%20kt%C3%B3ra%20ma,Warszaw%C4%99%20z%20granic%C4%85%20zaboru%20austriackiego.

Gdy w okresie rewolucji przemysłowej zbudowano kolej warszawsko-wiedeńską, Wola zaczęła się dynamicznie rozwijać. Wtedy na Młynowie powstały spichlerze i wiatraki, skąd nazwa Młynów.

W 1916 roku, wraz z całą Wolą, ta część miasta została włączona do Warszawy. W czasie II wojny światowej większa część osiedla została zrównana z ziemią, jednak nieco budynków ocalało, bardzo wielu mieszkańców zginęło w czasie rzezi Woli na początku sierpnia 1944 roku.

Po wojnie wybudowano na Młynowie osiedla mieszkaniowe, częściowo w socrealistycznym stylu. Od 2020 na osiedlu znajduje się stacja metra M2 Młynów.