Trostianets
Trostianets
Тростянець | |
|---|---|
.JPG) Manor of the Nadarzhinsky-Golitsyns | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Trostianets  Trostianets | |
| Coordinates: 50°28′N 34°57′E / 50.467°N 34.950°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Sumy Oblast |
| Raion | Okhtyrka Raion |
| Hromada | Trostianets urban hromada |
| Founded | 1660 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Yuri Bova (Power of the People) |
| Area | |
• Total | 23.8 km2 (9.2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 122 m (400 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
• Total | 19,544 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal codes | 42600-42615 |
| Area code | +380 5458 |
| Website | Official website |
Trostianets (also Trostyanets; Ukrainian: Тростянець, pronounced [trosʲtʲɐˈnɛt͡sʲ]; Russian: Тростянец) is a city in Okhtyrka Raion of Sumy Oblast of northeastern Ukraine. It was the administrative center of Trostianets Raion until it was abolished on 18 July 2020. The city lies on the Boromlya River, 59 km (37 mi) from Sumy. Landmarks include a neo-Gothic "round courtyard" (1749), the late Baroque church of the Annunciation (1744–50), the 18th-century Galitzine palace, and a "grotto of nymphs" (an 1809 centenary memorial to the Battle of Poltava). The city has a population of 19,544 (2022 estimate).[1]
Many were killed and the city was badly damaged during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
History
[edit]
Trostianets arose in the first half of the 17th century, during a new wave of migration of peasants and Cossacks from the Right-bank Ukraine to Sloboda Ukraine. Another populated place with the same name (Trostianets) is located in the historic region of Podolia (Right-bank Ukraine). The migration was caused by defeat of Ukrainian forces at the Battle of Berestechko in 1651 by the Crown of Poland forces.
The name of the city is associated with the name of the river Trostyanka, which flows nearby.
Until 1765, Trostianets was under the jurisdiction of the Okhtyrka Regiment, then — part of Sloboda Ukraine. From 1835 Trostianets was a part of Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire situated within the Akhtyrka Uyezd.
During 1864, the composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky stayed at a villa in Trostianets when composing his overture The Storm.[2]
From 1868 to 1874 the estate was owned by a St. Petersburg merchant. In 1874, Trostianets was acquired by the great sugar producer Leopold Koenig. The last owner of the estate until 1917 was his son Julius.
In 1877, by order of the Russian Minister of Railways, the Smorodyne locomotive depot was built in Trostianets and 12 steam locomotives were purchased.
A local newspaper began to be published in Trostianets in 1930,[3] and in the city[clarification needed] after 1940.[4][5]
On 12 July 1940, Trostianets was granted administrative status as a city. During World War II, the city was occupied by Axis troops from October 1941 to August 1943. In January 1989 the population was 25,706 people.[6][5]
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
[edit]
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Trostianets — strategically located between the larger settlements of Sumy and Kharkiv — was attacked by Russian forces shortly after the invasion was launched on 24 February[7] and was captured by them on 1 March 2022.[8] On 4 March, 2022, an unfolding humanitarian catastrophe was reported by local authorities.[clarification needed][9] Trostianets was liberated by the Ukrainian 93rd Mechanized Brigade on 26 March. The city suffered major damage to its infrastructure during the fighting and a Ukrainian official said that the retreating Russian troops had mined a local hospital.[10] The villa Tchaikovsky had stayed in was among buildings destroyed by the Russian troops.[2]
The regional prosecutor’s office in Sumy opened an investigation over evidence that Russian troops had thrown hand grenades at civilians protesting the Russian occupation of Trostianets on March 18.[11]
After the city had been liberated, the British newspaper The Guardian found evidence of executions, torture and looting.[12]
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During the fighting and shelling, the Krasnotrostyanets forest experimental station, located in the house of the manager of the estates of Leopold Koenig, was destroyed (an architectural monument of national importance). As a result of the fire, the chocolate factory "Ukraine" "Mondelēz International" (formerly "Kraft Foods") was partially destroyed. The estate of the Nadarzhinskys-Golitsyns, a monument in honor of the 183rd tank brigade, the Smorodino locomotive depot of 1877, and the shop of the merchant Fyodor Kurilo (1908, an architectural monument of local importance) were damaged.[13][14]
The town's hospital was shelled many times by Russian forces (at least twice from tanks).[15][16][14]
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On March 2, 2024, a HESA Shahed 136 drone was shot down over Trostianets, and residential buildings were damaged as a result of falling debris.[17] On March 14, 2024, Trostianets was shelled using the HESA Shahed 136 and 9K720 Iskander. As a result of the shelling, the Trostianets City Hospital was damaged.[18]
Population
[edit]Ethnicity
[edit]Distribution of the population by ethnicity acoording to the 2001 census:[19]
Language
[edit]Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census:[20]
| Language | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 90.71% |
| Russian | 8.48% |
| other/undecided | 0.81% |
Nature and recreation
[edit]
Trostianets is located near the picturesque Neskuchnoye tract, where there are three lakes among a mixed pine-deciduous forest. The nearby arboretum almost merged with the forest. In 1995-1996, a sports recreation center was destroyed, located in a pine forest near one of the lakes.
There are several architectural monuments in the city - the "Round Yard" of 1749, the Golitsyn's manor house, churches, the nymphs' grotto of 1809 and others, which are gradually being repaired and restored. Recently, picturesque plein-airs “Picturesque Trostianechchyna” have been held in Trostianets, as a result of which an exposition of paintings by artists from different countries was created in the former landowner's estate.
Industry
[edit]The most famous enterprise of Trostianets is the chocolate factory "Ukraine", one of the leading enterprises in the industry. This enterprise belongs to the company "Mondelēz International" (formerly "Kraft Foods"), which is known for its trademarks "Crown", "Alpen Gold", "Jacobs", "Tuc", "Barny" and Milka.
Transport
[edit]The railway line Sumy–Liubotyn, stations Trostianets-Smorodyne and Rupino. The national road N12 passes through the town and connects Sumy and Poltava.
Sports
[edit]Trostianets is a football club based in the city, which made its debut in the Ukrainian Second League in the 2021–22 season. The team plays matches at the local Volodymyr Kuts Stadium, named after the Olympic champion Volodymyr Kuts (1927-1975), a native of Oleksyne, Trostianets Raion.
Notable people
[edit]- Mykola Khvylovy is a Ukrainian writer. The theorist of Ukrainian national communism and the author of the slogan "Get away from Moscow!"
- Leonid Tatarenko — Ukrainian writer.
- Victor Dobrovolsky — scientist in the field of general mechanical engineering, teacher, rector of Odesa National Polytechnic University.
- Vasily Podgorny, founder of the Podgornovtsy sect.
Gallery
[edit]-
Ruins of the Grotto of the Nymphs -
Church of the Annunciation -
Ascension Church -
Round yard -
The house of the manager of the estates of Leopold Koenig in Trostianetskyi Park, the location of the forest research station -
Leopold Koenig's economy rolling mill -
Shop of the merchant F. Kuril in the center of the town
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References
[edit]- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ a b "Tchaikovsky's house destroyed by Russian army in north-east Ukraine".
- ^ № 3108. Ленинским путём // Летопись периодических и продолжающихся изданий СССР 1986—1990. Часть 2. Газеты. М., «Книжная палата», 1994. стр.406
- ^ Тростянец // Большая Советская Энциклопедия. / под ред. А. М. Прохорова. 3-е изд. том 26. М., «Советская энциклопедия», 1977.
- ^ a b Тростянец // Большой энциклопедический словарь (в 2-х тт.). / редколл., гл. ред. А. М. Прохоров. том 2. М., "Советская энциклопедия", 1991.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу". Archived from the original on 2012-01-18. Retrieved 2022-03-27.
- ^ "Ukraine says it retook captured town near Russian border". Times of Israel. 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 26 March 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
- ^ "Російські війська повністю зайняли Тростянець: створили «штаб» та розбили всі дороги — глава Сумської ОДА". HB (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2022-03-22. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
- ^ "Окупанти розмістили техніку на вокзалі й не дають поховати померлих: у Тростянці гуманітарна катастрофа". novyny.live (in Ukrainian). 4 March 2022. Archived from the original on 4 March 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
- ^ "Russians plant mines in hospital before retreating from Trostianets". Ukrinform. 27 March 2022. Archived from the original on 27 March 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
- ^ "Stalingrad tank division destroyed as key town retaken". charter97. 2022-03-28. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
- ^ "‘Barbarians’: Russian troops leave grisly mark on town of Trostianets", The Guardian, 5 April 2022
- ^ "Damaged cultural sites in Ukraine verified by UNESCO". UNESCO.
- ^ a b ""Больница расстреляна из танков, минометов: видимо, это был самый военный объект". Как выглядит Тростянец после 30 дней оккупации Россией" (in Russian). Настоящее время. 2022-03-30. Archived from the original on 2023-12-09.
- ^ Destruction and Devastation. One Year of Russia's Assault on Ukraine's Health Care System. eyeWitness to Atrocities (eyeWitness), Insecurity Insight, the Media Initiative for Human Rights (MIHR), Physicians for Human Rights (PHR), and the Ukrainian Healthcare Center (UHC). 2023. pp. 33–35.
- ^ Gibbons-Neff, Thomas; Yermak, Natalia; Hicks, Tyler (2022-04-03). "'This Is True Barbarity': Life and Death Under Russian Occupation". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-04-03. Retrieved 2022-04-03.
- ^ "У Тростянці "шахед" влучив у будинок | Данкор онлайн | Сумской информационный портал: все новости Сумщины". dancor.sumy.ua. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
- ^ "Били ракетами і "Шахедами". Росіяни обстріляли Суми і ще три міста області". РБК-Украина (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2024-04-11.
- ^ "Національний склад міст за переписом 2001 року".
- ^ "Рідні мови в об'єднаних територіальних громадах України".
External links
[edit]
- (in Ukrainian) Unofficial city portal