Sima Yun
| Sima Yun 司馬允 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prince of Huainan (淮南王) | |||||||||
| Reign | 22 December 289[1] - c.September 300 | ||||||||
| Prince of Puyang (濮阳王) | |||||||||
| Reign | 5 October 277[2] - 22 December 289 | ||||||||
| Born | 272[3] | ||||||||
| Died | c.September 300[4] Luoyang, Henan | ||||||||
| Issue | three sons, including Sima Yu (司马郁; Prince of Qin) and Sima Di (司马迪; Prince of Han)[5] | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | House of Sima | ||||||||
| Father | Emperor Wu of Jin | ||||||||
| Mother | Lady Li | ||||||||
Sima Yun (simplified Chinese: 司马允; traditional Chinese: 司馬允; 272 - c.September 300), courtesy name Qindu (钦度),[6] posthumously known as Prince Zhongzhuang of Huainan, was an imperial prince of the Western Jin dynasty, and a son of Emperor Wu of Jin. Besides his heritage, Sima Yun was best known for his failed uprising against Sima Lun, then regent of Yun's half-brother Emperor Hui.
Background and life under Emperor Wu
[edit]Sima Yun was born to Emperor Wu and his concubine Lady Li in 272; his full younger brother was Sima Yan (司马晏; 281 - 14 July 311[7]), Prince Xiao of Wu[8] and father to the future Emperor Min of Jin. Like many of Emperor Wu's sons, Sima Yun was made an imperial prince in October 277; he was about five at the time and so remained in the imperial capital Luoyang. His first princely title was Prince of Puyang; his princely title was changed to Prince of Huainan in December 289, just about five months before Emperor Wu's death in May 290. At the same time, he was also made Chief Controller of Yangzhou (扬州) and Jiangzhou (江州).
During Emperor Hui's reign
[edit]Emperor Hui was developmentally disabled; his reign saw a series of regents who ruled on his behalf. Sima Yun's activities during the regencies of Yang Jun, Yun's granduncle Sima Liang and Wei Guan (who were co-regents), and Emperor Hui's wife Empress Jia Nanfeng, were poorly documented.
After Emperor Hui's crown prince Sima Yu was deposed in February 300, there were proposals to make Sima Yun crown prince. However, court officials did not agree to the choice of crown prince.[9] Empress Jia then ordered Sima Yu's assassination in April. The crown prince's fate lost Jia much support, and she was soon overthrown by Emperor Hui's grand-uncle Sima Lun in May.
References
[edit]- ^ ([太康十年十一月]甲申，....；濮阳王允为淮南王，都督扬、江二州诸军事；并假节之国。) Zizhi Tongjian, vol.82.
- ^ ([咸宁三年]八月，癸亥，....又封皇子玮为始平王，允为濮阳王，...) Zizhi Tongjian, vol.80
- ^ Sima Yun's biography in Book of Jin recorded that he was 29 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died.
- ^ Vol.83 of Zizhi Tongjian and vol.04 of Jin Shu recorded that Sima Yun was killed in the 8th month of the 1st year of the Yong'kang era; the month corresponds to 31 Aug to 29 Sep 300 in the Julian calendar.
- ^ Jin Shu, vol.04 and vol.83 of Zizhi Tongjian
- ^ (淮南忠壮王允，字钦度，...) Jin Shu, vol.64
- ^ ([永嘉五年六月]戊戌，[刘]曜杀太子诠、吴孝王晏、...) Zizhi Tongjian, vol.87. Vol.64 of Jin Shu recorded that Sima Yan was 31 (by East Asian reckoning) when he died.
- ^ (李夫人生淮南忠壮王允、吴孝王晏。) Jin Shu, vol.64
- ^ (太子遹之废也，将立淮南王允为太弟，议者不合。) Zizhi Tongjian, vol.83
Sources
[edit]- Fang, Xuanling: Book of Jin (Jin Shu).
- Sima, Guang: Comprehensive Mirror in Aid of Governance (Zizhi Tongjian)