Portal:Romania

The Romania Portal Romania Flag Coat of arms Location At the confluence of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to the east, and the Black Sea to the southeast. It has a mainly continental climate, and an area of 238,397 km2 (92,046 sq mi) with a population of 19 million people. Romania is the twelfth-largest country in Europe and the sixth-most populous member state of the European Union. Europe's second-longest river, the Danube, empties into the Danube Delta in the southeast of the country. The Carpathian Mountains cross Romania from the north to the southwest and include Moldoveanu Peak, at an altitude of 2,544 m (8,346 ft). Bucharest is the country's largest urban area and economic hub. Other major urban centres include Cluj-Napoca, Timișoara, Iași, Constanța and Brașov. Romania is a developing country with a high-income economy, recognized as a middle power in international affairs. It is a unitary republic with a multi-party system and a semi-presidential representative democracy. It hosts several UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is a growing tourist attraction, receiving 13 million foreign visitors in 2023. Its economy ranks among the fastest growing in the European Union, primarily driven by the service sector. Romania is a member of several international organizations, including the European Union, NATO, and the BSEC. (Full article...) Good article - Entries here consist of Good articles, which meet a core set of high editorial standards. The 11th-century runestone G134 referring to Blakumen (Sjonhem cemetery, Gotland, Sweden) Blakumen or Blökumenn were a people mentioned in Scandinavian sources dating from the 11th through 13th centuries. The name of their land, Blokumannaland, has also been preserved. Victor Spinei, Florin Curta, Florin Pintescu and other historians identify them as Romanians (variation of the exonym Vlach), while Omeljan Pritsak argues that they were Cumans. Judith Jesch adds the possibility that the terms meant "black men", the meaning of which is unclear. Historians identify Blokumannaland as the lands south of the Lower Danube which were inhabited by Vlachs in the Middle Ages, adding that the term may refer to either Wallachia (to the north of the Danube) or Africa in the modern Icelandic language. (Full article...) "Let Me Try" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Luminița Anghel and Romanian percussion band Sistem, consisting of Toth Zoltan, Mihai Ciprian Rogojan, Claudiu Purcărin, Robert Magheti and Florin Cătălin Romașcu. It was released as a CD single in 2005 by the Romanian Television (TVR). Romanian composer Cristian Faur wrote and produced the single for Anghel, who subsequently recorded it in collaboration with Sistem. Musically, "Let Me Try" is an uptempo folk-influenced disco song. The song represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 in Kyiv, Ukraine after winning the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. Anghel and Sistem's win was surrounded by controversy after the second-placed Romanian singer Loredana Groza accused TVR of conspiracy and arranged voting. In Kyiv, the artists qualified in first place for the Grand Final, where they came in third place with a total of 158 points. This remains Romania's best placement to date, alongside 2010's "Playing with Fire" by Paula Seling and Ovi. During their show, Anghel performed the song in front of Sistem, who were drumming on oil barrels and used grinding equipment to create a "spark rain". (Full article...) Istro-Romanians from Žejane with their traditional zvončari costumes during the carnival in Rijeka, 2006 The Istro-Romanians (Istro Romanian: rumeri or rumâri) are a Romance ethnic group native to or associated with the Istrian Peninsula. Historically, they inhabited vast parts of it, as well as the western side of the island of Krk until 1875. However, due to several factors such as the industrialization and modernization of Istria during the socialist regime of Yugoslavia, many Istro-Romanians emigrated to other places, be they Croatian cities such as Pula and Rijeka or places such as New York City, Trieste and Western Australia. The Istro-Romanians dwindled severely in number, being reduced to eight settlements on the Croatian side of Istria in which they do not represent the majority. It is known that the Istro-Romanians are actually not indigenous to Istria, since the differences between the Istro-Romanian language and the now extinct geographically close Dalmatian are notable. In addition, they count several similarities with the Transylvanian Romanians and Timok Vlachs, suggesting that the Istro-Romanians originate from the current areas west of Romania or Serbia. Although it is not known exactly how and when, the Istro-Romanians settled in Istria, where they would remain for centuries until they began to assimilate. Even now, with several associations and projects that aim to preserve their culture and with the support of both Croatian and Romanian governments, the Istro-Romanians are not officially recognized as a national minority. (Full article...) The House of Hunyadi was one of the most powerful noble families in the Kingdom of Hungary during the 15th century. A member of the family, Matthias Corvinus, was King of Hungary from 1458 until 1490, King of Bohemia (ruling in Moravia, Lower Lusatia, Upper Lusatia, and Silesia) from 1469 until 1490, and Duke of Austria from 1487 until 1490. His illegitimate son, John Corvinus, ruled the Duchy of Troppau from 1485 until 1501, and five further Silesian duchies, including Bytom, Głubczyce, Loslau, Racibórz, and Tost, from 1485 until 1490. The Hunyadi coat-of-arms depicted a raven with a golden ring in its beak. The founder of the family, Voyk, received the eponymous Hunyad Castle (in present-day Hunedoara, Romania) from Sigismund, King of Hungary, in 1409. His ethnicity is the subject of scholarly debate. Some modern historians describe him as a Vlach, or Romanian, knez or boyar, from either Wallachia or Transylvania. Others describe him as a Cuman or Slav nobleman. According to the 15th-century historian, Johannes de Thurocz, Voyk moved from Wallachia to Transylvania. Voyk's oldest son, John Hunyadi, was often mentioned as a "Vlach" by his contemporaries. (Full article...) The Early Middle Ages in Romania started with the withdrawal of the Roman troops and administration from Dacia province in the 270s. In the next millennium a series of peoples, most of whom only controlled two or three of the nearly ten historical regions that now form Romania, arrived. During this period, society and culture underwent fundamental changes. Town life came to an end in Dacia with the Roman withdrawal, and in Scythia Minor – the other Roman province in the territory of present-day Romania – 400 years later. Fine vessels made on fast potter's wheels disappeared and hand-made pottery became dominant from the 450s. Burial rites changed more than once from cremation to inhumation and vice versa until inhumation became dominant by the end of the 10th century. The East Germanic Goths and Gepids, who lived in sedentary communities, were the first new arrivals. The Goths dominated Moldavia and Wallachia from the 290s, and parts of Transylvania from the 330s. Their power collapsed under attacks by the nomadic Huns in 376. The Huns controlled Eastern and Central Europe from around 400, but their empire disintegrated in 454. Thereafter the regions west of the Carpathian Mountains – Banat, Crişana, and Transylvania – and Oltenia were dominated by the Gepids. Within a century, the lands east of the mountains became important centers of the Antes and Sclavenes. Hydronyms and place names of Slavic origin also prove the one-time presence of Early Slavs in the regions west of the Carpathians. (Full article...) "Te Vas" (English: "You Go" or "You Leave") is a song by Romanian singer Inna, digitally released on 31 May 2019 by Global Records as the fifth single from her sixth studio album Yo (2019). It was written by Inna and Cristina Maria Chiluiza, while production was handled by Sebastian Barac, Marcel Botezan, David Ciente and Alexandru Cotoi. A Spanish-language house song reminiscent of Inna's past material, the track lyrically discusses the bond between two separated lovers. An accompanying music video for "Te Vas" was uploaded onto Inna's YouTube channel on 30 May 2019. Directed by Bogdan Păun, it features the singer and Dragoș Istvan performing a mixture of contemporary dance and acrobatics, representing an on-and-off relationship. For further promotion, Inna performed "Te Vas" for Romanian radio station Kiss FM in June 2019. The track peaked at number 36 on Romania's Airplay 100 chart. It was included in a The Baker and the Beauty episode. (Full article...) Location of the battle The Battle of Vaslui (also referred to as the Battle of Podul Înalt or the Battle of Racova) was fought on 10 January 1475, between Stephen III of Moldavia and the Ottoman governor of Rumelia, Hadım Suleiman Pasha. The battle took place at Podul Înalt ("the High Bridge"), near the town of Vaslui, in Moldavia (now part of eastern Romania). The Ottoman troops numbered up to 30,000 or 120,000, facing about 40,000 Moldavian troops, plus smaller numbers of allied and mercenary troops. Stephen inflicted a decisive defeat on the Ottomans, with casualties according to Venetian and Polish records reaching beyond 40,000 on the Ottoman side. Mara Branković (Mara Hatun), the former younger wife of Murad II, told a Venetian envoy that the invasion had been the worst ever defeat for the Ottomans. Stephen was later awarded the title Athleta Christi ("Champion of Christ") by Pope Sixtus IV, who referred to him as "verus christianae fidei athleta" ("the true defender of the Christian faith"). (Full article...) The Battle With Torches by Romanian painter Theodor Aman (1866) The night attack at Târgoviște (Romanian: Atacul de noapte de la Târgoviște) was a battle fought between forces of Prince Vlad III of Wallachia, and Sultan Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire on Thursday, 17 June 1462. The battle started after Mehmed II, who already had tense relations with Vlad, discovered his alliance with Hungary's king Matthias Corvinus and ordered his forces to ambush him. Vlad foiled the attack and invaded Bulgaria. In response, Mehmed raised a great army with the objective to conquer Wallachia. The two leaders fought a series of skirmishes, the most notable one being the conflict where Vlad attacked the Turkish camp in the night in an attempt to kill Mehmed. The assassination attempt failed and Mehmed marched to the Wallachian capital of Târgoviște, where he found a few men with cannons. After leaving the capital, Mehmed discovered 23,844 impaled Turks whom Vlad had killed during his invasion of Bulgaria. The number is mentioned by Vlad himself in a letter to Matthias Corvinus. The sultan and his troops then sailed to Brăila and burned it to the ground before retreating to Adrianople. Mehmed's forces returned home with many captured slaves, horses, and cattle. (Full article...) "Give Me Your Everything" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Alexandra Stan for her second studio album, Unlocked (2014). It was made available for digital download on 20 August 2014 through Victor Entertainment. "Give Me Your Everything" was written by Stan, Serban Cazan, LeAnna James, Naz Tokio and Andrei Mihai, while production was solely handled by Cazan. A music video for the song was directed by Vlad Fenesan and uploaded onto the singer's YouTube channel, where it has amassed over three million views. The clip shows Stan chasing a masked man in a dark landscape. Upon its release, the video aroused controversy for a scene in which Stan is wearing a white robe with masonic symbols inscribed on its back. Particularly, Urban.ro named the clip "her most bizarre video ever". The recording was met with positive reviews. Some music critics praised the song's "Caribbean groove" and the singer's "hypnotic" and "crystalline" vocals, while others comparing "Give Me Your Everything" to the material featured on Rihanna's A Girl like Me (2006). The style of the song has been described as "urban" and "tribal". During an interview in Spain, Stan explained that "Give Me Your Everything" was written as a present for her Asian and Arabic fans, due to the song's more oriental style and spiritual meaning. (Full article...) I Am the Club Rocker is the second studio album recorded by Romanian singer Inna, released on 19 September 2011 by Roton as a follow-up to her 2009 album, Hot. The complete production and writing process for the record was handled by Play & Win, with Juan Magán providing additional production for the album's opener, "Un Momento". Initially rumoured to be titled Powerless, the release of the album led to Inna encouraging her worldwide fanbase to affirm themselves as "Club Rockers". I Am the Club Rocker was described as a Europop, dance-pop, techno and house record, with the singer's vocals being processed with Auto-Tune. Music critics gave the record mixed reviews, praising the harmony of its material but also criticizing it for being repetitive. Commercially, I Am the Club Rocker experienced success in selected countries, peaking at number eight in Mexico and within the top 30 in Czech Republic, Belgium and France. It was certified Gold by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry (ZPAV) for selling 10,000 copies in Poland, and was also named one of the best albums of 2011 by Inna's label Roton, alongside Wounded Rhymes (2011) by Lykke Li and Christmas (2011) by Michael Bublé. It was nominated for Best Album at the 2012 Romanian Music Awards. (Full article...) "On a Sunday" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Ester Peony. It was independently released for digital download and streaming as a single on 17 January 2019. Ioana Victoria Badea wrote the lyrics, while Peony composed the music alongside Alexandru Șerbu. Musically, the track is a mid-tempo blues, R&B, soul and 2000s-influenced electropop ballad backed by percussion, guitar, synthesizers and trance beats. Its lyrics discuss a failed relationship and include Peony reflecting upon a former love interest and the futile idea that he might return. Observers likened the track to the American folk song "The Wayfaring Stranger". "On a Sunday" represented Romania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2019 in Tel Aviv, Israel, after winning the pre-selection show Selecția Națională. The country failed to qualify for the final, marking their second and consecutive year to achieve this result. During a large portion of Peony's acclaimed goth-inspired performance, Peony was singing from a red armchair while accompanying dancers enacted a battle between good and evil visually amplified by various dark graphics showed on the LED screens. The show was the first one in Romania's Eurovision participation history to be significantly invested in by the Romanian Television (TVR), with costs amounting to a reported 100,000 euros. (Full article...) Nirvana is the fifth studio album by Romanian singer Inna. It was released on 11 December 2017 by Global Records and UMG in a partnership with supermarket chain Lidl. For this record, she collaborated with multiple producers, including Marcel Botezan, Sebastian Barac, Thomas Troelsen, Alex Cotoi and Vlad Lucan. It was entirely recorded at the studios of Global Records in Bucharest, Romania. Nirvana has been described as a pop album, with influences varying from electronic dance music (EDM), reggaeton and R&B to Latin, club and tropical music. Upon its release, the album received positive reviews from music critics, who commended that Inna showcased her versatility as an artist, but noted the songs lacked innovation and were similar to her past material. To promote Nirvana, three singles, "Gimme Gimme", "Ruleta", and "Nirvana", preceded the record in 2017, to commercial success in some European countries. "Ruleta" notably reached number three in Romania. The album itself failed to impact any country's charts. (Full article...) A postcard of Mărășești NMS Mărășești was one of four Vifor-class destroyers ordered by Romania shortly before the beginning of the First World War from Italy. All four sister ships were requisitioned when Italy joined the war in 1915. Originally named Vârtej by the Romanians, she was renamed Nibbio and classified as a scout cruiser in Italian service. Not completed until mid-1918, the ship took part in the Adriatic campaign of World War I but engaged Austro-Hungarian Navy ships in the Adriatic Sea only once before the war ended in November 1918. She was renamed Mărășești when she was re-purchased by the Romanians in 1920. After Romania entered World War II with the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 (Operation Barbarossa), Mărășești was limited to escort duties in the western half of the Black Sea during the war by the Soviet Navy's powerful Black Sea Fleet, which heavily outnumbered Axis naval forces there. The ship claimed to have sunk a Soviet submarines during the war, but this has not been confirmed by post-war research. In early 1944 the Soviets were able to cut off and surround the port of Sevastopol on the Crimean Peninsula; Mărășești escorted convoys evacuating Axis troops from the port and rescued some troops herself in May 1944. (Full article...) The Roman Catholic Diocese of Cumania was a Latin-rite bishopric west of the Siret River (in present-day Romania) from 1228 to 1241. The lands incorporated into the diocese had been dominated by the nomadic Cumans since about 1100. Catholic missions began after Andrew II of Hungary granted Burzenland to the Teutonic Knights in 1211. After Andrew expelled the Knights from the territory in 1225, Dominican friars continued the Cuman mission. Robert, Archbishop of Esztergom baptized Boricius, an influential Cuman chieftain, two years later. Robert ordained a Hungarian Dominican friar, Theodoric, as the first bishop of Cumania in early 1228. Pope Gregory IX confirmed Theodoric's consecration on 21 March of that year, and the diocese was subordinate to the Holy See in 1229. The episcopal see was on the Milcov River, but its exact location is unknown. The diocese included Burzenland and lands east of the Carpathian Mountains. Vlachs (Romanians) who belonged to the Orthodox Church were a significant part of the diocese's population. They did not follow the Catholic bishop, and persuaded many Catholic Hungarians and Saxons to accept their Orthodox bishops. (Full article...) "Endless" is a song recorded by Romanian singer Inna for her second studio album, I Am the Club Rocker (2011). The song was released on 25 November 2011 as the fourth single from the album. It was written and produced by Play & Win members Sebastian Barac, Radu Bolfea and Marcel Botezan. A flamenco-influenced mid-tempo club-ballad, "Endless" features an acoustic and Spanish guitar in its instrumentation. Music critics gave favorable reviews of the track, pointing it out as a highlight on I Am the Club Rocker. At the 2011 Balkan Music Awards, the song won in the Best Song in the Balkans from Romania in 2011 category. To promote "Endless", an accompanying music video was shot by Alex Herron and uploaded onto Inna's YouTube channel on 24 November 2011 to positive response. It was connected to the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, which is observed on 25 November. The singer had also launched a foundation against domestic violence simultaneously with the video's release. She further promoted the recording through various live performances. Commercially, "Endless" reached the top ten in Romania and Slovakia. (Full article...) Selected article - Map of a hypothetical union between Moldova and Romania showing the largest cities of the resulting country The unification of Moldova and Romania is a popular concept and hypothetical unification in the two countries that began during the Revolutions of 1989. The Romanian Revolution in 1989 and the independence of Moldova in 1991 further contributed to the development of a movement for the unification of the two Romanian-speaking countries. The question of reunification is recurrent in the public sphere of the two countries, often as a speculation, both as a goal and a danger. Though historically Romanian support for unification was high, a March 2022 survey following the Russian invasion of Ukraine indicated that only 11% of Romania's population supports an immediate union, while over 42% think it is not the right moment. A majority in Moldova continues to oppose it. However, support in Moldova for reunification has increased significantly, with polls asking "if a referendum took place next Sunday regarding the unification of the Republic of Moldova and Romania, would you vote for or against the unification?" rising from approximately 20% to 44% support from 2015 to 2022. Support for unification with Romania is much lower in Transnistria and Gagauzia than in the rest of Moldova. (Full article...) List of selected articles Căile Ferate Române Romanian cuisine Marie of Romania Yugoslav monitor Vardar Dacian Fortresses of the Orăștie Mountains Foundation of Wallachia Panait Cerna Romania in the Middle Ages Timișoara Ion Heliade Rădulescu Regulamentul Organic Yugoslav monitor Sava Vampire History of the flags of Romania Sviatoslav I of Kiev Origin of the Romanians Port of Constanța Ciomadul Romanian language Romania national football team Carpathian Mountains Romanian Revolution Bucharest Kingdom of Romania Timișoara Iași Constanța Craiova Greater Romania COVID-19 pandemic in Romania 1944 Romanian coup d'état Romania in World War II Religion in Romania Highways in Romania Romania in World War I Romanian Orthodox Church LGBT rights in Romania Transylvania Arad, Romania Romani people in Romania Carol I of Romania Pitești Prison Romanian wine Early Modern Romania Slavery in Romania National Liberal Party (Romania) Origin of the Romanians Symbolist movement in Romania Henri Coandă International Airport Wallachia Dacia Logan Dacia Sandero Dacia Duster Automotive industry in Romania Selected biography - Belodedici in 2018 Miodrag Belodedici (Romanian pronunciation: [beloˈdedit͡ʃʲ]; Serbian: Миодраг Белодедић, romanized: Miodrag Belodedić; born 20 May 1964) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a sweeper. Nicknamed The Deer due to his elegant tackles, he spent the majority of his 19-year professional career with Steaua București (ten seasons), winning the European Cup with that team and Red Star Belgrade, thus becoming the first player (to play in the final) to win the trophy with two clubs and the only player to win the trophy with two different Eastern European teams. In 1991 he was nominated for the Ballon d'Or and finished the 8th. Belodedici also played in Spain and Mexico. (Full article...) List of selected biographies Vlad the Impaler Sebastian Stan Elisabeth of Romania Nadia Comăneci Brassaï Cosmin Contra Saul Steinberg Ana Pauker Ion Țiriac Irina-Camelia Begu Jacob L. Moreno Laura Codruța Kövesi Alexandru Maxim Haiducii Horia Sima Ecaterina Teodoroiu Nicolae Ceaușescu Tamara Tchinarova Klaus Iohannis Mihail Sadoveanu Cristina Neagu Ion Mihai Pacepa Liviu Dragnea Anna Lesko Nicu Vlad Gabriela Firea Corneliu Coposu Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej Maia Morgenstern Tudor Gheorghe Sorana Cîrstea Ioan Petru Culianu Elena Gheorghe Benjamin Fondane Viorica Dăncilă Jean Negulesco Smiley (singer) Prince Radu of Romania Loredana Groza Elena Ceaușescu Dinu Lipatti Ecaterina Szabo Emil Constantinescu Mădălina Diana Ghenea George Enescu Andreea Diaconu Ion Luca Caragiale Ana Bogdan Ferdinand I of Romania Daniela Silivaș George Emil Palade Related portals Selected picture Postăvarul Massif with Râșnov Citadel and Poiana Brașov in the background Did you know (auto generated) ... that Romanian poet Dimitrie Stelaru said that he once traveled to Paris by truck, adding "I hardly remember anything, I was drunk the whole time"? ... that Romanian author Ion Biberi rejected Marxism at the risk of unemployment, consoling himself that "man eats 20 times more than what he needs"? ... that Romanian adventure novelist N. D. Popescu-Popnedea "generate[d] laughter" with his deposition at a political assassin's trial? ... that Romanian literary scholar Dan Simonescu, who edited a chronicle dealing with the reign of Michael the Brave, had to delete any mention of Michael having "all the Jews murdered"? ... that Bessarabian legislator Anton Novakov, who was absent when his colleagues voted on union with Romania, sued the Romanian state for land benefits they had received for voting in favor? ... that three American bombers were downed over the Romanian village of Suslănești in May 1944? More did you know ...that Bucharest's RATB mass transit network is the fourth largest in Europe? General images The following are images from various Romania-related articles on Wikipedia. The Dacian kingdom under Decebalus (from History of Romania) Territories inhabited by Romanians before WWI (from History of Romania) EUROPAfest Jazz festival in Bucharest (2010) (from Culture of Romania) The legend map showing Burebista's campaigns (from History of Romania) Nicolae Grigorescu (from Culture of Romania) A 19th century depiction of Dacian women (from History of Romania) The foundation of the First Bulgarian Empire (from History of Romania) C.A. Rosetti (from Culture of Romania) Cheile Turzii and Hășdate River in Transylvania. (from Geography of Romania) Humanitas headquarters in Bucharest (from Culture of Romania) Illustration featuring the Romanian coat of arms and tricolor (from Culture of Romania) The legend map of Dacia at its zenith (from History of Romania) Ethnic map of Greater Romania according to the 1930 census. Sizeable ethnic minorities put Romania at odds with Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Soviet Union throughout the interwar period. (from History of Romania) Principality of Wallachia, Principality of Moldavia, and Principality of Transylvania in personal union of Michael the Brave in 1600 (from History of Romania) Vasile Alecsandri (from Culture of Romania) Duiliu Zamfirescu (from Culture of Romania) Engraving of a fairy tale scene, featuring Prince Charming (Făt-Frumos) and a dragon (zmeu). (from Culture of Romania) Allies operations against the Axis (from History of Romania) Two of the eight marble statues of Dacian warriors surmounting the Arch of Constantine in Rome (from History of Romania) Top: territories controlled by the Dacian king, c. 50 BC; bottom: territories controlled by the Dacian king, circa year zero (from History of Romania) Lieutenant Emil Rebreanu was awarded the Medal for Bravery in gold, the highest military award given by the Austrian command to an ethnic Romanian; he would later be hanged for desertion while trying to escape to Romania. (from History of Romania) Romanian territorial losses in the Treaty of Bucharest in May 1918 (from History of Romania) Romanian pavilion at EXPO Paris 1937 (from History of Romania) Dacian cast in Pushkin Museum, after original in Lateran Museum. Early second century AD. (from History of Romania) The Communist government fostered the personality cult of Nicolae Ceaușescu and his wife Elena, 1986. (from History of Romania) Mustard soup with croutons (from Culture of Romania) Peleș Castle, retreat of Romanian monarchs (from History of Romania) Map of Romania after World War II indicating lost territories (from History of Romania) Roman walls in Dacia (from History of Romania) Calistrat Hogaș (from Culture of Romania) Clătite with jam (from Culture of Romania) University Square in Bucharest during Communism (from Culture of Romania) Romania has seen its largest waves of protests against judicial reform ordinances of the PSD-ALDE coalition during the 2017–2019 Romanian protests. (from History of Romania) Sibiu (Hungarian: Nagyszeben, German: Hermannstadt), the 2007 European Capital of Culture (from Culture of Romania) Ion Luca Caragiale (from Culture of Romania) Tochitură (from Culture of Romania) Timeline of the borders of Romania between 1859 and 2010 (from History of Romania) Bucharest (capital of Wallachia) at the end of the 18th century (from Culture of Romania) Europe in 14th century (from History of Romania) Seal of Michael the Brave during the personal union of the two Romanian principalities with Transylvania (from History of Romania) The medieval and picturesque Transylvanian Saxon town of Sighișoara (Hungarian: Segesvár, German: Schäßburg) (from Culture of Romania) St. Nicholas Church, Brașov in Brașov (Hungarian: Brassó) (from Culture of Romania) Europe in 1190 (from History of Romania) Map of Europe in 1648 showing Transylvania and the two Romanian principalities: Wallachia and Moldavia (from History of Romania) Romanian keyboard with special characters (from Culture of Romania) Iași (capital of Moldavia) at the end of the 18th century (from Culture of Romania) George Barițiu (from Culture of Romania) Papanași (from Culture of Romania) George Coșbuc (from Culture of Romania) Nicolae Ceaușescu and others welcome the Red Army as it enters Bucharest on 30 August 1944. (from History of Romania) Romania administered Transnistria, the area between the Dniester and Southern Bug, in July 1941. (from History of Romania) Mateiu Caragiale (from Culture of Romania) Bran Castle (German: Törzburg, Hungarian: Törcsvár) built in 1212, is commonly known as Dracula's Castle and is situated in the centre of present-day Romania. In addition to its unique architecture, the castle is famous because of persistent myths that it was once the home of Vlad III Dracula. (from History of Romania) Romanian "tamburași" drummers in traditional clothing (from Culture of Romania) Neacșu's letter is the oldest surviving document written in Romanian. (from Culture of Romania) Great Romania (1920–1940) (from History of Romania) 1941 stamp depicting a Romanian and a German soldier in reference to the two countries' common participation in Operation Barbarossa. The text below reads the holy war against Bolshevism. (from History of Romania) Ciprian Porumbescu (from Culture of Romania) Baked potatoes with steak and cucumber salad (from Culture of Romania) The comprehensive map detailing the approximate lands inhabited by the Getae according to Strabo's accounts (from History of Romania) Ștefan Luchian (from Culture of Romania) One of the greatest existence of Dacia (from History of Romania) St. Sylvester's Church in Bucharest (from Culture of Romania) Antonescu and Adolf Hitler at the Führerbau in Munich (June 1941) (from History of Romania) Victory Avenue in Bucharest, 1940 (from Culture of Romania) Putna Monastery in Suceava County, Bukovina (from Culture of Romania) Nicolae Ceaușescu condemning the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 (from History of Romania) Mihai Eminescu, national poet of Romania and Moldova (from Culture of Romania) The thinkers of Hamangia, Neolithic Hamangia culture (c. 5250 – 4550 BC) (from History of Romania) The Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1786, Italian map by G. Pittori, since the geographer Giovanni Antonio Rizzi Zannoni (from History of Romania) Geto-Dacian Koson, mid 1st century BC (from History of Romania) Romania map of Köppen climate classification, according with Clima României from the Administrația Națională de Meteorologie, Bucharest 2008 (from Geography of Romania) Greek Catholic cathedral in Blaj, Transylvania(Hungarian: Balázsfalva) (from Culture of Romania) Dacia during Constantine the Great (from History of Romania) The map that shows the Dacian invasion of Boii and Taurisci (from History of Romania) Baked pumpkin with powdered sugar and cinnamon (from Culture of Romania) Ion Creangă (from Culture of Romania) The sanctuaries of the ancient Dacian Kingdom capital, Sarmizegetusa Regia (from History of Romania) Andrei Mureșanu (from Culture of Romania) Ion Heliade Rădulescu (from Culture of Romania) Tarabostes on the Arch of Constantine (from History of Romania) Votive stele representing Bendis wearing a Dacian cap (British Museum) (from History of Romania) Roman Dacia, between 106 and 271 AD (from History of Romania) First Bulgarian Empire (from History of Romania) The sanctuaries in the ruined Sarmizegetusa Regia, the capital of ancient Dacia (from History of Romania) Alexandru Odobescu (from Culture of Romania) Ioan Slavici (from Culture of Romania) Kingdom of Romania in 1939 (from History of Romania) Titu Maiorescu (from Culture of Romania) Physical and administrative map of Romania, with the historic regions in grey (Țara Românească means Wallachia). (from Geography of Romania) Clash between Romanians and Turks during the Romanian War of Independence, November 1877 (from History of Romania) Turda salt mine (from Geography of Romania) Battle of Giurgiu which ended with the victory of the united forces of Transylvania, Wallachia and Moldavia over the retreating Ottoman army (from History of Romania) Proclamation of Union between Transylvania and Romania (from History of Romania) Romania after the territorial losses of 1940. The recovery of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina was the catalyst for Romania's entry into the war on Germany's side. 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