Welcome to the Portal:California. Such a lovely place. California
State of California
Map of the United States with California highlighted
California state in the Western Region of the United States that lies on the Pacific Coast . It borders Oregon to the north, Nevada and Arizona to the east, and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California to the south. With over 39 million residents across an area of 163,696 square miles (423,970 km2 ), it is the most populous U.S. state, the third-largest by area, and most populated subnational entity in North America .
Prior to European colonization , California was one of the most culturally and linguistically diverse areas in pre-Columbian North America . European exploration in the 16th and 17th centuries led to the colonization by the Spanish Empire . The area became a part of Mexico in 1821, following its successful war for independence , but was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican–American War . The California gold rush started in 1848 and led to social and demographic changes, including depopulation of Indigenous tribes.
The western portion of Alta California was then organized and admitted as the 31st state in 1850 , as a free state , following the Compromise of 1850 .
California has the nation's largest economy with a gross state product of $4.132 trillion as of Q3 2024. It is the world's largest sub-national economy , and would by most estimations rank 5th globally by nominal GDP . The state also leads the nation in agricultural output , led by its production of dairy , almonds , and grapes . With the busiest port in the country (Los Angeles ), California plays a pivotal role in the global supply chain, hauling in about 40% of goods imported to the US. Notable contributions to popular culture , ranging from entertainment , sports , music , and fashion , have their origins in California. California is the home of Hollywood , the oldest and one of the largest film industries in the world, profoundly influencing global entertainment. The San Francisco Bay and the Greater Los Angeles areas are seen as the centers of the global technology and U.S. film industries, respectively. (Full article...
Annotated satellite image of the chain
The Mono–Inyo Craters Mono County , Eastern California . The chain stretches 25 miles (40 km) from the northwest shore of Mono Lake to the south of Mammoth Mountain . The Mono Lake Volcanic Field forms the northernmost part of the chain and consists of two volcanic islands in the lake and one cinder cone volcano on its northwest shore. Most of the Mono Craters , which make up the bulk of the northern part of the Mono–Inyo chain, are phreatic (steam explosion) volcanoes that have since been either plugged or over-topped by rhyolite domes and lava flows. The Inyo volcanic chain form much of the southern part of the chain and consist of phreatic explosion pits, and rhyolitic lava flows and domes. The southernmost part of the chain consists of fumaroles and explosion pits on Mammoth Mountain and a set of cinder cones south of the mountain; the latter are called the Red Cones .
The region has been used by humans for centuries. Obsidian was collected by Mono Paiutes for making sharp tools and arrow points. Glassy rock continues to be removed in modern times for use as commercial scour and yard decoration. Mono Mills processed timber felled on or near the volcanoes for the nearby boomtown Bodie in the late 19th to early 20th centuries. Water diversions into the Los Angeles Aqueduct system from their natural outlets in Mono Lake started in 1941 after a water tunnel was cut under the Mono Craters. Mono Lake Volcanic Field and a large part of the Mono Craters gained some protection under Mono Basin National Forest Scenic Area in 1984. Resource use along all of the chain is managed by the United States Forest Service as part of Inyo National Forest . Various activities are possible along the chain, including hiking, bird watching, canoeing, skiing, and mountain biking. (Full article...
The following are images from various California-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo , established in 1770, was the headquarters of the
Californian mission system from 1797 until 1833. (from
History of California )
Image 2 California's first State Capitol building in
San Jose , which served as the capital of California 1850–51. (from
History of California )
Image 3 The 1835
Manifiesto a la República Mejicana , by
José Figueroa , was the first book published in California (from
Culture of California )
Image 5 The railway station in
Sacramento in 1874. (from
History of California )
Image 9 Between 1846 and 1873, U.S. government agents waged an extermination campaign against
Indigenous Californians , known as the
California genocide , resulting in as many as 100,000 deaths. (from
History of California )
Image 10 Mission San Gabriel Arcángel , founded in 1771 by padres Pedro Benito Cambón and Ángel de la Somera. (from
History of California )
Image 11 Mission Santa Barbara , founded in 1786, was the first mission to be established by
Fermín de Lasuén . (from
History of California )
Image 12 In-N-Out burgers (from
Culture of California )
Image 14 Joaquín Murrieta , called the "
Robin Hood of California", was a notorious
outlaw during the
California Gold Rush . He served as inspiration for
Zorro , the famed Californian bandit-hero. (from
History of California )
Image 15 Depiction of the
Donner Party heading west on the
California Trail . (from
History of California )
Image 17 The Spanish founded
Mission San Juan Capistrano in 1776, the third to be established of the
Californian missions . (from
History of California )
Image 18 The 1562 map of the Americas, created by Spanish cartographer
Diego Gutiérrez , which applied
the name California for the first time. (from
History of California )
Image 21 Angustias de la Guerra played a crucial role in defending
women's property rights during the drafting of the Constitution of California. (from
History of California )
Image 23 Francis Drake 's 1579 landing in "
New Albion " (modern-day
Point Reyes ); engraving by
Theodor De Bry , 1590. (from
History of California )
Image 24 Junípero Serra conducting the first
mass in
Monterey Bay in 1770. (from
History of California )
Image 25 California was often depicted as an island , due to the
Baja California peninsula , from the 16th to the 18th centuries, such as in this 1650 map by cartographer
Johannes Vingboons . (from
History of California )
Image 26 Mission San Francisco Solano , founded in 1823 by order of Governor
Luis Antonio Argüello , was the last Californian mission established. (from
History of California )
Image 28 The American capture of
San Diego by the
USS Cyane in 1846 (from
History of California )
Image 31 A Southern Pacific Train at
Arcade Depot , Los Angeles, 1891 (from
History of California )
Image 33 Map of the
Butterfield Overland Mail routes through California, c. 1858. (from
History of California )
Image 34 Advertisement for sailing to California, c. 1850. (from
History of California )
Image 35 Map of Spain's
Manila galleon trade routes, showing routes between the
Spanish East Indies and
Acapulco passing along the
coast of California . (from
History of California )
Image 36 Bilingual English-Spanish sign in the
Colorado Desert of
Southern California . (from
Culture of California )
Image 40 Portrait of a
Californio in traditional
vaquero clothing. Californios benefitted immensely by the establishment of the
ranchos of California , following the
Mexican secularization act of 1833 . (from
History of California )
Image 41 Founded by
Vicente Francisco de Sarría in 1817,
Mission San Rafael Arcángel , was the last mission founded during the Spanish period. (from
History of California )
Image 46 Map of the route taken by the
Anza Expedition of 1775–76, from the
Presidio of Tubac to
San Francisco Bay . (from
History of California )
Image 47 San Francisco harbor,
c. 1850 –51. (from
History of California )
Image 48 The
Treaty of Cahuenga , signed at the
Campo de Cahuenga in 1847 by Californio general
Andrés Pico and American general
John C. Frémont , proclaimed a ceasefire under an American victory. The
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , signed a year later in 1848, officially ended the
Mexican–American War and formally ceded
Alta California to the United States. (from
History of California )
Image 49 "Independent Gold Hunter on His Way to California", c. 1850 (from
History of California )
Image 50 Forces raising the U.S. flag over the
Monterey Customhouse following their victory at the
Battle of Monterey (from
History of California )
Image 52 General
Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo reviewing his troops in
Sonoma in 1846. (from
History of California )
Image 55 Depiction of the revolt of the
Mission Indians against padre
Luis Jayme at
Mission San Diego de Alcalá in 1775. (from
History of California )
Image 58 The
University of California, Berkeley is the flagship school of the University of California system. (from
Culture of California )
Image 59 Portrait of an "
assimilated "
Maidu man in
Sacramento , 1867. (from
History of California )
The California crunch really is the result of not enough power-generating plants and then not enough power to power the power of generating plants.
Image 2 Leonardo Wilhelm DiCaprio (;
Italian: [diˈkaːprjo] ; born November 11, 1974) is an American actor and film producer. Known for
his work in biographical and period films, he is the recipient of
numerous accolades , including an
Academy Award , a
British Academy Film Award , and three
Golden Globe Awards . As of 2019,
[update] his films have grossed over $7.2 billion worldwide, and he has been placed eight times in annual rankings of
the world's highest-paid actors .
Born in Los Angeles, DiCaprio began his career in the late 1980s by appearing in television commercials. He had a recurring role in the sitcom
Parenthood (1990–1991), and had his first major film part as author
Tobias Wolff in
This Boy'ams Life (1993). He received critical acclaim and his first
Academy Award nomination for playing a developmentally disabled boy in
What's Eating Gilbert Grape (1993). DiCaprio achieved international stardom with the
star-crossed romances
Romeo + Juliet (1996) and
Titanic (1997). After the latter became the
highest-grossing film in the world at the time, he reduced his workload for a few years. In an attempt to shed his image of a romantic hero, DiCaprio sought roles in other genres, including the 2002 crime dramas
Catch Me If You Can and
Gangs of New York ; the latter marked the first of his
many successful collaborations with director
Martin Scorsese . (
Full article... )
Image 3 J. Robert Oppenheimer (born
Julius Robert Oppenheimer ;
OP -ən-hy-mər; April 22, 1904 – February 18, 1967) was an American
theoretical physicist who served as the director of the
Manhattan Project 's
Los Alamos Laboratory during
World War II . He is often called the "father of the
atomic bomb " for his role in overseeing the development of the first nuclear weapons.
Born in New York City, Oppenheimer obtained a degree in chemistry from
Harvard University in 1925 and a
doctorate in physics from the
University of Göttingen in Germany in 1927, studying under
Max Born . After research at other institutions, he joined the physics faculty at the
University of California, Berkeley , where he was made a full professor in 1936. Oppenheimer made significant contributions to physics in the fields of
quantum mechanics and
nuclear physics , including the
Born–Oppenheimer approximation for molecular
wave functions ; work on the theory of
positrons ,
quantum electrodynamics , and
quantum field theory ; and the
Oppenheimer–Phillips process in
nuclear fusion . With his students, he also made major contributions to
astrophysics , including the theory of
cosmic ray showers, and the theory of
neutron stars and
black holes . (
Full article... )
Image 4 John Whiteside Parsons (born
Marvel Whiteside Parsons ; October 2, 1914 – June 17, 1952) was an American
rocket engineer ,
chemist , and
Thelemite occultist . Parsons was one of the principal founders of both the
Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and the
Aerojet Engineering Corporation . He invented the first
rocket engine to use a
castable ,
composite rocket propellant , and pioneered the advancement of both
liquid-fuel and
solid-fuel rockets.
Parsons was raised in Pasadena, California. He began
amateur rocket experiments with school friend
Edward Forman in 1928. Parsons was admitted to
Stanford University but left before graduating due to financial hardship during the
Great Depression . In 1934, Parsons, Forman, and
Frank Malina formed the Caltech-affiliated
Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory (GALCIT) Rocket Research Group, with support by GALCIT chairman
Theodore von Kármán . The group worked on
Jet-Assisted Take Off (JATO) for the U.S. military, and founded Aerojet in 1942 to develop and sell JATO technology during World War 2. The GALCIT Rocket Research Group became JPL in 1943. (
Full article... )
Image 5 Hartman in character as Chick Hazard, Private Eye,
c. 1978 Philip Edward Hartman (
né Hartmann ; September 24, 1948 – May 28, 1998) was a Canadian-American comedian, actor, screenwriter and graphic designer. Hartman was born in
Brantford, Ontario , and his family moved to the United States when he was ten years old. After graduating from
California State University, Northridge , with a degree in graphic arts, he designed album covers for bands including
Poco and
America . In 1975, Hartman joined the comedy group
the Groundlings , where he helped
Paul Reubens develop his character
Pee-wee Herman . Hartman co-wrote the film
Pee-wee's Big Adventure and made recurring appearances as Captain Carl on Reubens' show
Pee-wee's Playhouse .
In 1986, Hartman joined the
NBC sketch comedy show
Saturday Night Live (
SNL ) as a
cast member and stayed for eight seasons until 1994. Nicknamed "Glue" for his ability to hold the show together and help other cast members, he won a
Primetime Emmy Award for his
SNL work in 1989. He also starred as Bill McNeal in the sitcom
NewsRadio , voiced
Lionel Hutz and
Troy McClure on
The Simpsons , and appeared in supporting roles in the films
Houseguest ,
Sgt. Bilko ,
Jingle All the Way , and
Small Soldiers . (
Full article... )
Image 6 Emperor Norton,
c. 1871–72 Joshua Abraham Norton (February 4, 1818 – January 8, 1880) was a resident of
San Francisco, California , who in 1859
declared himself "Emperor of these United States" in a proclamation that he signed "
Norton I., Emperor of the United States ". Commonly known as
Emperor Norton , he took the secondary title "Protector of Mexico" in 1866.
Born in England and raised in
South Africa , Norton left
Cape Town in late 1845, sailing from
Liverpool to
Boston in early 1846 and eventually arriving in San Francisco in late 1849. After a brief period of prosperity, Norton made a business gambit in late 1852 that played out poorly, ultimately forcing him to declare bankruptcy in 1856. (
Full article... )
Image 7 Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an American actress. She won five
Primetime Emmy Awards and two
Golden Globe Awards for her portrayal of the title character on the
CBS sitcom
Murphy Brown (1988–1998, 2018). She is also known for her role as
Shirley Schmidt on the
ABC drama
Boston Legal (2005–2008). In films, Bergen was nominated for the
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for
Starting Over (1979) and for the
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for
Gandhi (1982).
Bergen began her career as a fashion model and appeared on the cover of
Vogue before she made her screen debut in the film
The Group (1966). She starred in
The Sand Pebbles (1966),
Soldier Blue (1970),
Carnal Knowledge (1971), and
The Wind and the Lion (1975). She made her
Broadway debut in the 1984 play
Hurlyburly and starred in the revivals of
The Best Man (2012) and
Love Letters (2014). From 2002 to 2004, she appeared in three episodes of the
HBO series
Sex and the City . Her other film roles include
Miss Congeniality (2000),
Sweet Home Alabama (2002),
The Women (2008),
Bride Wars (2009),
Book Club (2018) and
Let Them All Talk (2020). (
Full article... )
Image 8 Sharon Marie Tate Polanski (
née Tate ; January 24, 1943 – August 9, 1969) was an American actress and model. During the 1960s, she appeared in advertisements and small television roles before appearing in films as well as working as a model. After receiving positive reviews for her comedic and dramatic acting performances, Tate was hailed as one of Hollywood's most promising newcomers, being compared favorably with the late
Marilyn Monroe .
She made her film debut in 1961 as an extra in
Barabbas with
Anthony Quinn . She next appeared in the British mystery horror film
Eye of the Devil (1966). Her first major role was as Jennifer North in the 1967 American drama film
Valley of the Dolls , which earned her a
Golden Globe Award nomination. The role would help her to become a rising
sex symbol of Hollywood, appearing in a
Playboy photoshoot by filmmaker
Roman Polanski , Tate's future husband. That year, she also performed in the comedy horror film
The Fearless Vampire Killers , directed by Roman Polanski. Tate's last completed film,
12+1 , was released posthumously in 1969. (
Full article... )
Image 9 Angelina Jolie (
joh-LEE ; born
Angelina Jolie Voight , ; June 4, 1975) is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian. The recipient of
numerous accolades , including an
Academy Award , a
Tony Award and three
Golden Globe Awards , she has been named Hollywood's highest-paid actress multiple times.
Jolie made her screen debut as a child alongside her father,
Jon Voight , in
Lookin' to Get Out (1982). Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low-budget production
Cyborg 2 (1993), followed by her first leading role in
Hackers (1995). After starring in the television films
George Wallace (1997) and
Gia (1998), Jolie won the
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1999 drama
Girl, Interrupted . Her portrayal of the
titular heroine in
Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) established her as a star. Her success continued with roles in the action films
Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005),
Wanted (2008), and
Salt (2010), and the fantasy film
Maleficent (2014) and its
2019 sequel . She also had voice roles in the animated films
Shark Tale (2004) and
Kung Fu Panda franchise (2008–2016), and gained praise for her dramatic performances in
A Mighty Heart (2007),
Changeling (2008), which earned her a nomination for the
Academy Award for Best Actress , and
Maria (2024). As a filmmaker, Jolie directed and wrote the war dramas
In the Land of Blood and Honey (2011),
Unbroken (2014),
First They Killed My Father (2017) and
Without Blood (2024). She also produced the musical
The Outsiders (2024), winning the
Tony Award for Best Musical . (
Full article... )
Image 11 Kamala Devi Harris (born October 20, 1964) is an American politician and attorney who served as the 49th
vice president of the United States from 2021 to 2025 under President
Joe Biden . She was the first female U.S. vice president, making her the highest-ranking female official in U.S. history. She was also the first
African-American and the first
Asian-American vice president. From 2017 to 2021, Harris served as a
U.S. senator representing
California . She was the
attorney general of California from 2011 to 2017 and the
district attorney of San Francisco from 2004 to 2011. A member of the
Democratic Party , she was the party's nominee in the
2024 presidential election , becoming the first Asian-American nominated for president by a major U.S. political party, the second woman (after
Hillary Clinton ), and second African-American (after
Barack Obama ).
Born in
Oakland, California , Harris graduated from
Howard University and the
University of California, Hastings College of the Law . She began her law career in the office of the
district attorney of
Alameda County . She was recruited to the San Francisco District Attorney's Office and later to the office of the
city attorney of San Francisco . She was
elected district attorney of San Francisco in 2003 and
attorney general of California in 2010 , and
reelected as attorney general in 2014 . Harris was the first woman, the first African American, and the first Asian American to hold each office. (
Full article... )
Image 12 Michael Joseph Jackson (August 29, 1958 – June 25, 2009) was an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and philanthropist. Dubbed the "
King of Pop ", he is regarded as
one of the most significant cultural figures of the 20th century . Over a four-decade career,
his world record music achievements broke
racial barriers in America and his publicized personal life made him a global figure. Through songs, stages, and fashion, he proliferated visual performance for singers in pop music; popularizing street dance moves including the
moonwalk (which he named), the
robot , and the
anti-gravity lean .
Guinness World Records named him the most successful entertainer of all-time.
As part of the
Jackson family , Michael at age six made his public debut in 1964 with his older brothers
Jackie ,
Tito ,
Jermaine and
Marlon , as a member of
the Jackson 5 (later known as the Jacksons). The Jackson 5 signed with
Motown in 1968 and achieved worldwide success with Michael as lead singer. Jackson achieved solo stardom with the release of his fifth album
Off the Wall (1979). He followed it up with
Thriller (1982), which became the
best-selling album of all time , which aided the popularization of
MTV with the
music videos for
its title track along with "
Beat It " and "
Billie Jean ". These are also credited with transforming the medium into an art form and promotional tool. Jackson furthered his position as a global superstar with
Bad (1987), the first album to produce five US
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles: "
I Just Can't Stop Loving You ", "
Bad ", "
The Way You Make Me Feel ", "
Man in the Mirror ", and "
Dirty Diana ".
Dangerous (1991) saw him venture into an array of artistic sounds, and became one of the most successful albums of the 1990s.
HIStory (1995) produced "
You Are Not Alone ", the first song to debut at number one on the US
Billboard Hot 100, as well as the
protest songs "
Earth Song " and "
They Don't Care About Us ". (
Full article... )
Image 13 Thelma Catherine "
Pat "
Nixon (
née Ryan ; March 16, 1912 – June 22, 1993) was
First Lady of the United States from 1969 to 1974 as the wife of President
Richard Nixon . She also served as the
second lady of the United States from 1953 to 1961 when her husband was vice president.
Born in
Ely, Nevada , she grew up with her two brothers in Artesia, California, graduating from Excelsior Union High School in
Norwalk, California in 1929. She attended
Fullerton Junior College and later the
University of Southern California . She paid for her schooling by working multiple jobs, including pharmacy manager, typist, radiographer, and retail clerk. In 1940, she married lawyer Richard Nixon and they had two daughters,
Tricia and
Julie . Dubbed the "Nixon team", Richard and Pat Nixon campaigned together in his successful
congressional campaigns of 1946 and 1948. Richard Nixon was elected vice president in 1952 alongside General
Dwight D. Eisenhower , whereupon Pat became second lady. Pat Nixon did much to add substance to the role, insisting on visiting schools, orphanages, hospitals, and village markets as she undertook many missions of goodwill across the world. (
Full article... )
Image 14 Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th
president of the United States , serving from 1969 until
his resignation in 1974. A member of the
Republican Party , he previously served as a
representative and
senator from
California and as the 36th
vice president from 1953 to 1961 under President
Dwight D. Eisenhower .
His presidency saw the reduction of U.S. involvement in the
Vietnam War ,
détente with the
Soviet Union and
China , the
Apollo 11 Moon landing, and the establishment of the
Environmental Protection Agency and
Occupational Safety and Health Administration . Nixon's second term ended early when he became the only U.S. president to resign from office, as a result of the
Watergate scandal .
Nixon was born into a poor family of
Quakers in
Yorba Linda ,
Southern California . He graduated with a
Bachelor of Arts degree from
Whittier College in 1934 and a
Juris Doctor from
Duke University in 1937, practiced law in California, and then moved with his wife
Pat to
Washington, D.C. , in 1942 to work for the
federal government . After serving active duty in the
Naval Reserve during
World War II , he was elected to the
House of Representatives in
1946 . His work on the
Alger Hiss case established his reputation as a leading
anti-communist . In
1950 , he was elected to the
Senate . Nixon was the running mate of Eisenhower, the Republican Party's presidential nominee in the
1952 election , and served for eight years as vice president. He narrowly lost the
1960 presidential election to
John F. Kennedy . After his loss in the
1962 race for governor of California, he announced his retirement from politics. However, in
1968 , he made another run for the presidency and narrowly defeated the Democratic incumbent vice president
Hubert Humphrey . (
Full article... )
Image 15 Linus Carl Pauling FRS (
PAW -ling; February 28, 1901 – August 19, 1994) was an American
chemist ,
biochemist ,
chemical engineer ,
peace activist , author, and educator. He published more than 1,200 papers and books, of which about 850 dealt with scientific topics.
New Scientist called him one of the 20 greatest scientists of all time. For his scientific work, Pauling was awarded the
Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954. For his peace activism, he was awarded the
Nobel Peace Prize in 1962. He is one of five people to have
won more than one Nobel Prize (the others being
Marie Curie ,
John Bardeen ,
Frederick Sanger , and
Karl Barry Sharpless ). Of these, he is the only person to have been awarded two unshared Nobel Prizes, and one of two people to be awarded Nobel Prizes in different fields, the other being
Marie Curie .
Pauling was one of the founders of the fields of
quantum chemistry and
molecular biology . His contributions to the theory of the chemical bond include the concept of
orbital hybridisation and the first accurate scale of
electronegativities of the elements. Pauling also worked on the structures of biological molecules, and showed the importance of the
alpha helix and
beta sheet in
protein secondary structure . Pauling's approach combined methods and results from
X-ray crystallography ,
molecular model building, and quantum chemistry. His discoveries inspired the work of
Rosalind Franklin ,
James Watson ,
Francis Crick , and
Maurice Wilkins on the structure of
DNA , which in turn made it possible for geneticists to crack the DNA code of all organisms. (
Full article... )
... that The Chinese in America gold rush era , mailed their laundry to Hong Kong for cleaning?
... that the San Gregorio Fault comes ashore in only two places in northern California, one of which is between Pillar Point Bluff
... that on July 11, 2022, millions of dollars worth of jewelry was stolen from the back of a truck
... that construction of Van Ness Bus Rapid Transit California Street Cable Railroad ?
... that it was Caltech experimental physicist Rana X. Adhikari 's idea to build a gravitational-wave observatory in India ?
... that in 2016 two thieves stole $350,000 worth of rare books in Oakland, California, and tried to sell some of them to Moe's Books
... that Santa Maria, California , radio station KSBQ the style of barbecue that originated in that city ?
... that the general manager of a California TV station
An aerial view of Redwood City Port
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Route 66 -- 2012 -- 1.jpg File:Ansel Adams and camera.jpg File:Artemis 2 Crew Portrait.jpg File:Beulah Ream Allen receiving the Medal of Freedom (1945).jpg File:Black-necked Stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), Corte Madera.jpg File:Boats on Lake Oroville during the 2021 drought.jpg File:Bodie ghost town.jpg File:Border USA Mexico.jpg File:Brown pelican in flight (Bodega Bay).jpg File:Burned mobile home neighborhood in California edit.jpg File:Buteo jamaicensis in flight at Llano Seco-1520.jpg File:CA-84 Woodside April 2023 002.jpg File:CA Ground Squirrel on rock.jpg File:CID Array.jpg File:Cable Car No. 1 and Alcatraz Island.jpg File:California island Vinckeboons5.jpg File:California sea lion in La Jolla (70568).jpg File:California state coat of arms (illustrated, 1876).jpg File:CampanileMtTamalpiasSunset-original.jpg File:Cervus canadensis nannodes at Tomales Point.jpg File:Chemerinsky during Hyatt III sketch.jpg File:Christ's Entry into Brussels in 1889.jpg File:Crystal Mountains CA02.jpg File:Cynthia Woodhead 1980 - Restoration.jpg File:Deathvalleysky nps big.jpg File:Devastation in San Bruno.jpg File:Donner Lake as seen from Donner Pass.jpg File:Double-crested cormorant at Sutro Baths-6460.jpg File:Dungeness crab face closeup.jpg File:EdwardTeller1958 fewer smudges.jpg File:Egretta thula at Las Gallinas Wildlife Ponds.jpg File:Elephant seals fighting.jpg File:Eureka Inn, Entrance Hall.jpg File:European starling at Bodega Head-1209.jpg File:Fort Baker and Angel Island.jpg File:Fort Mason Center and Downtown San Francisco.jpg File:GGB reflection in raindrops.jpg File:GREIDER Carol 2014 - Less vignetting.jpg File:Gateway Generating Station rectified.jpg File:Giant Marbles in Joshua Tree National Park.jpg File:GoldenGateBridge BakerBeach MC.jpg File:Grauman's Chinese Theatre, by Carol Highsmith fixed & straightened.jpg File:Greater Yellowlegs2.jpg File:Greater white-fronted goose in flight-1045.jpg File:Gull ca usa.jpg File:Hawk eating prey.jpg File:Heinrich Berann NPS Panorama of Yosemite without labels.jpg File:Hollister Municipal Airport photo D Ramey Logan.jpg File:Hotel Del c1900b.jpg File:Igor Stravinsky LOC 32392u.jpg File:Jane Russell in The Outlaw.jpg File:JetBlue292Landing.jpg File:Jfader dryden.jpg File:John Cage (1988).jpg File:JohnShea.jpg File:Joshua tree keys view pano more vertical.jpg File:Juvenile pelecanus occidentalis in flight.jpg File:Kobe Bryant 7144 adjusted.jpg File:LAPD Bell 206 Jetranger.jpg File:LagunaBeachCA photo D Ramey Logan.JPG File:Lange-MigrantMother02.jpg File:Langechildren2.jpg File:Lansdowne Herakles Getty Museum.jpg File:Line scan photo of nine car BART C1 train in 2017.jpg File:Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird.jpg File:Los Angeles Pollution.jpg File:Los angeles from getty panorama.jpg File:Luis Alvarez with a magnetic monopole detector - Restoration.jpg File:LutraCanadensis fullres.jpg File:Male northern pintail at Llano Seco.jpg File:Male wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) strutting.jpg File:Map of Cathedral Peak Granodiorite.svg File:Marilyn Monroe photo pose Seven Year Itch.jpg File:Mary Pickford cph.3c17995u.jpg File:McClure Tunnel west.jpg File:Minnie Tittell Brune as the Duke of Reichstadt in Edmond Rostand's play L'Aiglon - Talma & Co.jpg File:Mission Santa Clara.jpg File:Mono lake tufa.JPG File:Mudpot at Lassen Volcanic National Park in August 2019.webm File:NPG 2010 112 Lucia Chamberlain by Zaida Ben-Yusuf.jpg File:Official Portrait of President Reagan 1981.jpg File:Oppenheimer (cropped).jpg File:Palace of Fine Arts (16794p).jpg File:Parlos Verdes Light House Aug 2012.JPG File:Pelecanus erythrorhynchos at Las Gallinas Wildlife Ponds.jpg File:Photograph of Members of the Mochida Family Awaiting Evacuation - NARA - 537505 - Restoration.jpg File:Pigeon Point Lighthouse (2016).jpg File:Pioneertown california saloon and bath house.jpg File:Point Arena Lighthouse, Mendocino County.jpg File:Point Reyes Lighthouse (April 2012).jpg File:Post-and-Grant-Avenue-Look.jpg File:Pyrosoma atlanticum (12256).jpg File:Randy's donuts1 edit1.jpg File:RiP2013 GreenDay Mike Dirnt 0002.JPG File:Ronald Reagan with cowboy hat 12-0071M edit.jpg File:Rosalind Goodrich Bates (1931).jpg File:Russian chapel at Fort Ross (2016).jpg File:Sacramento,-California---State-Capitol.jpg File:Saint Teresa of Avila Church, Bodega (2023)-L1003432.jpg File:Sally Ride (1984).jpg File:San Francisco City Hall as seen from 100 Van Ness at dusk (wide).jpg File:San Francisco International Airport at night.jpg File:San Francisco in ruin edit2.jpg File:San gorgonio pass wind farm california pano.jpg File:SanFrancisco1851a.jpg File:SanFranciscoharbor1851c sharp.jpg File:Sea otter nursing02.jpg File:Seaborg in lab - restoration.jpg File:Sfearthquake3b.jpg File:Sharon Tate Valley of the Dolls 1967 - Restoration.jpg File:Shasta dam under construction new edit.jpg File:Sonoma chipmunk at Samuel P. Taylor State Park.jpg File:Spanish shawl.JPG File:Steve Jobs and Macintosh computer, January 1984, by Bernard Gotfryd - edited.jpg File:Strip photo of San Francisco Cable Car 10.jpg File:Surfer in california 2.JPG File:Tower Bridge Sacramento edit.jpg File:Tracy Caldwell Dyson in Cupola ISS.jpg File:US-NBN-CA-Oakland-2248-1870-10-388-B.jpg File:US-NBN-CA-Petaluma-2193-1870-100-209-A.jpg File:US-NBN-CA-San Francisco-1741-1870-5-6758-B.jpg File:US-NBN-CA-San Francisco-1741-1870-20-2772-C.jpg File:US-NBN-CA-San Francisco-1741-1870-50-1616-A.jpg File:USA Lassen NP Kings Creek CA edit3.jpg File:Uclamss 1429 b3716 G3047 Marco Albori aka Albert Marco sitting in a stained pinstriped suit.jpg File:Vernal Falls Rainbow.jpg File:Victor Adam after Louis Choris - Vue du Presidio san Francisco, 1822.jpg File:Vineyards of Napa Valley panorama.jpg File:Walt Disney Concert Hall, LA, CA, jjron 22.03.2012.jpg File:Waxman during Hyatt III sketch.jpg File:World War II woman aircraft worker, Vega Aircraft Corporation, Burbank, California 1942.jpg
Nicknames: The Golden StateCapital: Sacramento Total area: 163,696 mi2
Land: 156,002 mi2 Water: 7,694 mi2 Highest elevation: 14,505 ft (Mount Whitney )Population 39,250,017 (2016 est)Admission to the Union: September 9, 1850 (31st )State symbols:
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