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Peter Gabriel (1980 album)

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Peter Gabriel
Studio album by
Peter Gabriel
Released30 May 1980 (1980-05-30)[1]
Recorded1979[1]
Studio
Genre
Length45:32
LabelCharisma (UK)
Mercury (US 1980)
Geffen (US 1983)
ProducerSteve Lillywhite
Peter Gabriel chronology
Peter Gabriel
(1978) 		Peter Gabriel
(1980) 		Peter Gabriel
(1982)
Singles from Peter Gabriel
  1. "Games Without Frontiers"
    Released: January 1980[6]
  2. "No Self Control"
    Released: April 1980[7]
  3. "Biko"
    Released: August 1980[8]
  4. "I Don't Remember"
    Released: November 1980 (US)[9]

Peter Gabriel is the third solo studio album by the English rock musician Peter Gabriel, released on 30 May 1980[10] by Charisma Records. The album, produced by Steve Lillywhite, has been acclaimed as Gabriel's artistic breakthrough as a solo artist. AllMusic wrote that it established him as "one of rock's most ambitious, innovative musicians".[11]

Building on the experimental sound of his previous self-titled studio album, it saw Gabriel embracing post-punk and new wave with an art rock sensibility. Gabriel also explored more overtly political material with the anti-war song "Games Without Frontiers" (which became a No. 4 hit and remains his joint highest-charting single in the UK) and the anti-apartheid protest song "Biko", which remembered the murdered activist Steve Biko.

The album is also often referred to as Melt, owing to its cover photograph by Hipgnosis.[5] Some music streaming services refer to it as Peter Gabriel 3: Melt.[12]

Recording and production

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When writing the album, Gabriel developed a "rhythm first" approach when writing and demoing songs for the album on an 8-track system. Synthesizer player Larry Fast introduced him to the PAiA "Programmable Drum Set", which offered full programmability, allowing Gabriel to program his own drum rhythms to build songs around during the writing process.[13] He later bought a Roland CR-78 drum machine as well for use on the album: he felt the CR-78 sounded better but was less programmable than the PAiA drum machine.[13]

Peter Gabriel hired his former bandmate in Genesis drummer Phil Collins for the recording sessions along with another drummer, Jerry Marotta. He gave them one specific demand. "Artists given complete freedom die a horrible death", he explained to Mark Blake. "So, when you tell them what they can't do, they get creative and say, 'Oh yes I can,' which is why I banned cymbals. Phil was cool about it. [Marotta] did object and it took him a while to settle in. It's like being right-handed and having to learn to write with your left."[14]

English musician Phil Collins, pictured in 1996.
Former Genesis bandmate Phil Collins helped create the gated reverb sound on "Intruder".

Collins played on several of the album's tracks. "Intruder" has been cited as the first prominent use of a gated reverb sound.[15] The distinctive sound was identified via experiments by producer Steve Lillywhite, Collins and staff engineer Hugh Padgham, in response to Gabriel's request that Collins and Marotta not use cymbals during the album's sessions.[16]

Lillywhite explained: Gabriel "didn't want to use cymbals and I had been really experimenting with this ambience thing which actually started with [drummer] Kenny Morris with the first [Siouxsie and the] Banshees' album. When you listen, you can hear elements of this gated room sound, big compressed room sound that I did on the Banshees". "Padgham was my engineer when we did the Peter Gabriel album [...] but I had been pushing and experimenting before with, like the Psychedelic Furs", on "Sister Europe", [...] "all done before the Peter Gabriel album".[15] So significant and influential was the sound that it has been claimed by Gabriel, Padgham, Collins, and Lillywhite. It was cited by Public Image Ltd as an influence on the sound of their third studio album The Flowers of Romance (1981),[17] whose engineer, Nick Launay, was in turn employed by Collins to assist with his debut studio album, Face Value (1981).[17] The album was also one of the first to use the Fairlight CMI sampling synthesizer: it provides subtle sampled sounds on the album, such as those audible on "Start".[18][19]

Robert Fripp's guitar parts raised concerns that they were uncommercial.

"I Don't Remember" had been performed on Gabriel's 1978 tour for his second studio album.[20] An earlier studio version was to be the A-side of the first 7" single released in advance of the album by Charisma in Europe and Japan, but a Charisma executive thought Robert Fripp's guitar solos were not radio-friendly. This earlier version wound up as the B-side of the advance "Games Without Frontiers" single instead in those territories. It was included on the B-sides-and-rarities compilation Flotsam And Jetsam, released in 2019. The album version of this song appeared as the A-side of a 12" single in the United States and Canada. Paul Weller, who was recording with his band the Jam in a nearby studio, contributed guitar to "And Through the Wire". Gabriel had previously said of the Jam, "I like them a lot. They're one of the new groups who have written the best songs. They're really very good."[21] He believed Weller's intense guitar style was ideal for the track.

Commenting on his lyrics, Gabriel jokingly summarised the album's themes as "the history of a decaying mind". He added: "State of mind was definitely an area of interest at the time of writing it, but I never really set out with a concept. It was merely different songs, which perhaps have fitted into one particular slant." Of "No Self Control", he said: "That's something which I've observed in myself and in other people… In a state of depression, you have to turn on the radio, or switch on the television, go to the fridge and eat, and sleeping is difficult."[22]

Upon hearing mixes of session tapes in early 1980, Atlantic Records A&R executive John Kalodner deemed the album not commercial enough for release, and recommended Atlantic drop Gabriel from its roster. "Atlantic Records didn't want to put it out at all", Gabriel told Mark Blake. "Ahmet Ertegun said, 'What do people in America care about this guy in South Africa?' and 'Has Peter been in a mental hospital?' because there was this very weird track called 'Lead a Normal Life'. They thought I'd had a breakdown and recorded a piece of crap ... I thought I'd really found myself on that record, and then someone just squashes it. I went through some primordial rejection issues."[14] As a result of the rejection, the release was pushed back from its original intended February 1980 release date so a new US deal could be secured with Mercury Records before releasing the album worldwide.[23]

Artwork

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The album cover, inspired by the work of photographer Les Krims, shows an image of Gabriel in which the left side of his face appears to be melting. The effect was achieved by repeatedly taking his picture with a Polaroid SX-70 instant camera, then using various objects to smear and distort the pictures as they developed. These photos were taken in color, and the final distorted image was re-shot in black and white. Designer Storm Thorgerson said, "Peter himself joined with us at Hipgnosis in disfiguring himself by manipulating Polaroids as they 'developed' ... Peter impressed us greatly with his ability to appear in an unflattering way, preferring the theatrical or artistic to the cosmetic."[24][25]

Release

[edit]

The album was Gabriel's first and only release for Mercury Records in the United States, having been rejected by Atlantic Records, which had handled US distribution for Gabriel's first two solo studio albums and his last two studio albums with Genesis. It was a commercial success, becoming his first to top the UK charts as well as reach No. 22 on the US Billboard chart, his highest position there to date. In addition, the single "Games Without Frontiers" became his biggest hit to that point, charting at No. 4 UK. After all the trouble incurred when Atlantic dropped the album, Gabriel stated that he felt vindicated by the public's reaction.[26]

By the time the album was released by Mercury several months later, Kalodner – now working for the newly formed Geffen Records label and having realised his mistake – arranged for Geffen to pursue Gabriel as one of its first artist signings.[27] Geffen (at the time distributed by Atlantic sister label Warner Bros. Records) reissued the album in 1983, after Mercury's rights to it lapsed, and marketed it in the United States until 2010, when Gabriel's back catalogue was reissued independently by Real World Records. Coincidentally, Mercury is now a sister label to Geffen after Mercury's parent PolyGram merged with Geffen's parent Universal Music Group in 1999. The studio album came out as a self-titled album in the UK on 30 May 1980 on Charisma Records. A German-language version of the album, titled Ein deutsches Album (A German Album), was released simultaneously.

The album was remastered, along with most of Gabriel's catalogue, in 2002.

Critical reception

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Professional ratings
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic[28]
Chicago Sun-Times[29]
Christgau's Record GuideB−[4]
Classic Rock10/10[30]
Entertainment WeeklyA−[31]
Mojo[32]
Q[33]
Rolling Stone[34]
The Rolling Stone Album Guide[35]
Uncut9/10[36]

In his review for Rolling Stone, Dave Marsh described Peter Gabriel as "a tremendous record" that "sticks in the mind like the haunted heroes of the best film noirs".[34]

In 1989, Peter Gabriel was ranked at No. 46 on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 best albums of the 1980s.[37] In 2000, Q placed the album at No. 53 on its list of the "100 Greatest British Albums Ever";[38] six years later, the magazine placed it at No. 29 on its list of the 40 best albums of the 1980s.[39] In 2018, Pitchfork ranked Peter Gabriel at No. 125 on its revised and expanded list of the 200 best albums of the 1980s.[40] In 2020, Rolling Stone included this record in their "80 Greatest albums of 1980" list, praising Gabriel "for a haunting LP that touches on political assassinations (“Family Snapshot”), the futility of war (“Games Without Frontiers”), and the brutal murder of South African activist Steve Biko (“Biko”). He made more popular albums after this one, but never better ones."[41]

Track listing

[edit]

All tracks are written by Peter Gabriel

Side one
No.TitleLength
1."Intruder"4:54
2."No Self Control"3:55
3."Start"1:21
4."I Don't Remember"4:42
5."Family Snapshot"4:28
6."And Through the Wire"5:00
Side two
No.TitleLength
1."Games Without Frontiers"4:06
2."Not One of Us"5:22
3."Lead a Normal Life"4:14
4."Biko"7:32

Ein deutsches Album

[edit]

Ein deutsches Album (English: A German Album), released in June 1980, is a German-language version of Peter Gabriel. Gabriel sang German vocals on top of completely new recorded instrumental and backing vocal tracks.[citation needed] The German lyrics are translations from the English. Two years later, Gabriel released Deutsches Album (1982), a significantly altered version of his fourth studio album Peter Gabriel (1982; known as Security in the United States and Canada).[citation needed] In February 1980, German-language versions of "Games Without Frontiers" and "Here Comes the Flood" were released as a single in Germany. German adaptation was done by Horst Königstein.[42]

All songs written by Peter Gabriel. "Texte" (lyrics) by Peter Gabriel translated by Horst Königstein.

Side one[43]

  1. "Eindringling" – 5:00
  2. "Keine Selbstkontrolle" – 4:00
  3. "Frag mich nicht immer" – 6:04
    • Combines the instrumental "Start" with the German version of "I Don't Remember".
  4. "Schnappschuß (Ein Familienfoto)" – 4:26
  5. "Und durch den Draht" – 4:28

Side two[43]

  1. "Spiel ohne Grenzen" – 4:07
  2. "Du bist nicht wie wir" – 5:32
  3. "Ein normales Leben" – 4:21
  4. "Biko" – 8:55

Personnel

[edit]

Credits are adapted from Peter Gabriel liner notes.[44]

  • Peter Gabriel – vocals, piano; synthesizer on "Start", "I Don't Remember", "Games Without Frontiers" and "Not One of Us"; drum pattern on "Biko"; backing vocals on "Intruder", "Family Snapshot" and "Not One of Us"; whistle on "Games Without Frontiers"
  • Larry Fast – synthesizer on "Intruder", "No Self Control", "Start", "Games Without Frontiers" and "Biko"; processing on "No Self Control", "I Don't Remember" and "Not One of Us"; bagpipes on "Biko"
  • David Rhodes – guitar on all tracks except "Start"; backing vocals on "Intruder", "I Don't Remember" and "Not One of Us"
  • Robert Fripp – electric guitar on "No Self Control", "I Don't Remember" and "Not One of Us"
  • Dave Gregory – electric guitar on "I Don't Remember" and "Family Snapshot"
  • Paul Weller – electric guitar on "And Through the Wire"
  • John Giblin – bass guitar on "No Self Control", "Family Snapshot", "And Through the Wire", "Games Without Frontiers" and "Not One of Us"
  • Tony Levin – Chapman Stick on "I Don't Remember"
  • Jerry Marotta – drums on "I Don't Remember", "Family Snapshot", "And Through the Wire", "Games Without Frontiers", "Not One of Us", "Lead a Normal Life" and "Biko"; percussion on "Games Without Frontiers" and "Not One of Us"
  • Phil Collins – drums on "Intruder" and "No Self Control"; drum pattern on "Intruder"; snare on "Family Snapshot"; surdo on "Biko"
  • Morris Pert – percussion on "Intruder", "No Self Control" and "Lead a Normal Life"
  • Dick Morrissey – saxophone on "Start", "Family Snapshot", "No Self Control" and "Lead a Normal Life"
  • Kate Bush – backing vocals on "No Self Control" and "Games Without Frontiers"
  • Steve Lillywhite, Hugh Padgham – whistles on "Games Without Frontiers"
  • Dave Ferguson – screeches on "Biko"

Production personnel

Charts

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Chart (1980) Peak
position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[45] 29
Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[46] 7
French Albums (SNEP)[47] 1
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[48] 9
UK Albums (OCC)[49] 1
US Billboard 200[50] 22

Certifications

[edit]
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[45] Gold 20,000^
Canada (Music Canada)[51] 2× Platinum 200,000^
France (SNEP)[52] Gold 100,000*
United Kingdom (BPI)[53] Gold 100,000^

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.

References

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  1. ^ a b c Mic, Smith (2002). Peter Gabriel (booklet). Peter Gabriel. Box, Wiltshire, UK: Real World. p. 1.
  2. ^ Thomson, Graeme (30 October 2015). "Peter Gabriel – the first four solo albums remastered". Uncut. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  3. ^ Bahn, Christopher (26 March 2007). "Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel (a.k.a. III/Melt)". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  4. ^ a b Christgau, Robert (1990). "Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel". Christgau's Record Guide: The '80s. Pantheon Books. ISBN 0-679-73015-X. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  5. ^ a b Roberts, Chris (11 October 2010). "Peter Gabriel 3: Melt 40 Years On By Chris Roberts". The Quietus. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  6. ^ "BPI".
  7. ^ "Music Week" (PDF). p. 28.
  8. ^ "Biko".
  9. ^ "Peter Gabriel singles".
  10. ^ Martin, Alf, ed. (31 May 1980). "Gabriel LP" (PDF). Record Week. London, England, UK: Morgan Grampian Ltd.: 5. ISSN 0144-5804. OCLC 6459252. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2021. Retrieved 1 October 2023. Peter Gabriel's new album simply titled 'Peter Gabriel' is released on May 30.
  11. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Peter Gabriel". AllMusic. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
  12. ^ "Peter Gabriel 3: Melt". 23 May 1980 – via open.spotify.com.
  13. ^ a b Elen, Richard (December 1979). "Blueprints For Activity". Sound International. pp. 23–31.
  14. ^ a b Blake, Mark (December 2011). "Cash for questions: Peter Gabriel". Q. No. 305. pp. 44–46.
  15. ^ a b "Steve Lillywhite : The John Robb interview". John Robb channel on YouTube. 14 August 2022. Event occurs at 30:24. Retrieved 21 August 2022. I suppose the Peter Gabriel was that because he didn't want to use cymbals and I had been really experimenting with this ambience thing which actually started with Kenny Morris with the first [Siouxsie and the] Banshees' album. When you listen, you can hear elements of this gated room sound, big compressed room sound that I did on the Banshees. [...] Hugh Padgham was my engineer when we did the Peter Gabriel album which is where it first really showed its head in that form but I had been pushing and experimenting before with, like the Psychedelic Furs. You listen to "Sister Europe" by Psychedelic Furs [...], all done before the Peter Gabriel album. [...] At least, my claim has some roots from before it happened. Hugh Padgham was just a staff engineer. He could have done it any time before he worked with me but he didn't.
  16. ^ Flans, Robyn (1 May 2005). "Classic Tracks: Phil Collins' "In the Air Tonight"". Mix. Archived from the original on 17 March 2007. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  17. ^ a b M, Scott (February 2003). "Nick Launay interview". Fodderstompf. F&F Publishing. Retrieved 24 February 2007.
  18. ^ Fast, Larry (January 1980). "Synergy's "Games": Making The Moves". Polyphony. p. 17.
  19. ^ Fairlight Audio: Peter Gabriel
  20. ^ YouTube, a Google company. YouTube. Archived from the original on 30 June 2014.
  21. ^ Best magazine, May 1978; translated in Gabriel fanzine White Shadow (#1, pp 16) by editor Fred Tomsett
  22. ^ Capital Radio interview with Nicky Horne, broadcast 16 March 1980; transcribed in Gabriel fanzine White Shadow (issue 1, p. 9) by editor Fred Tomsett
  23. ^ Genesis Information Issue 16 (July 1980) page 7
  24. ^ Classic Rock 2010 calendar
  25. ^ "Peter Gabriel 3 - Melt » Real World Galleries". realworldgalleries.com.
  26. ^ "Peter Gabriel interviewed 1980". YouTube. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  27. ^ Wade, Dorothy; Picardie, Justine (1990). Music Man: Ahmet Ertegun, Atlantic Records, and the Triumph of Rock 'n' Roll. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 247–249. ISBN 0-393-02635-3.
  28. ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Peter Gabriel [3] – Peter Gabriel". AllMusic. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  29. ^ DeRogatis, Jim (4 July 1993). "A Solo Discography". Chicago Sun-Times. Archived from the original on 19 November 2018. Retrieved 2 November 2016.
  30. ^ Beaumont, Mark (2 October 2015). "Peter Gabriel: Vinyl Reissues". Classic Rock. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  31. ^ Brunner, Rob (12 July 2002). "Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel 1 / Peter Gabriel 2 / Peter Gabriel 3 / Security / Plays Live / Birdy / So / Passion / Us". Entertainment Weekly. pp. 84–85.
  32. ^ Easlea, Daryl (November 2015). "Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel". Mojo. No. 264. p. 104.
  33. ^ "Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel 1: 'Car' / Peter Gabriel 2: 'Scratch' / Peter Gabriel 3: 'Melt' / Peter Gabriel 3: 'Ein Deutsches Album' / Peter Gabriel 4: 'Security' / Peter Gabriel 4: 'Deutsches Album'". Q. No. 352. November 2015.
  34. ^ a b Marsh, Dave (26 July 2001) [18 September 1980]. "Peter Gabriel [3]". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
  35. ^ Considine, J.D. (2004). "Peter Gabriel". In Brackett, Nathan; Hoard, Christian (eds.). The New Rolling Stone Album Guide (4th ed.). Simon & Schuster. pp. 319–20. ISBN 0-7432-0169-8.
  36. ^ Thomson, Graeme (November 2015). "Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel 1 ('Car') / Peter Gabriel 2 ('Scratch') / Peter Gabriel 3 ('Melt') / Peter Gabriel 4 ('Security')". Uncut. No. 222. pp. 88–89.
  37. ^ "100 Best Albums of the Eighties". Rolling Stone. 16 November 1989. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  38. ^ "The 100 Greatest British Albums Ever! – Peter Gabriel: Peter Gabriel". Q. No. 165. June 2000. p. 70.
  39. ^ "40 Best Albums of the '80s". Q. No. 241. August 2006.
  40. ^ "The 200 Best Albums of the 1980s". Pitchfork. 10 September 2018. p. 4. Retrieved 11 August 2020.
  41. ^ "The 80 Greatest Albums of 1980 What came out of all this was, arguably, the greatest year for great albums ever". Rolling Stone. 11 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  42. ^ "Peter Gabriel 45rpm Cat". 45cat.com.
  43. ^ a b Ein deutsches Album at MusicBrainz
  44. ^ Peter Gabriel (CD booklet). Peter Gabriel. Charisma Records. 1980.{{cite AV media notes}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link)
  45. ^ a b Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 120. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  46. ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue 0228a". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  47. ^ "Le Détail des Albums de chaque Artiste – G". Infodisc.fr (in French). Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 9 June 2012. Select Peter Gabriel from the menu, then press OK.
  48. ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Peter Gabriel – Peter Gabriel 3: Melt" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  49. ^ "Official Albums Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  50. ^ "Peter Gabriel Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
  51. ^ "Canadian album certifications – Peter Gabriel – Peter Gabriel". Music Canada.
  52. ^ "French album certifications – Peter Gabriel" (in French). InfoDisc. Retrieved 18 November 2021. Select PETER GABRIEL and click OK. 
  53. ^ "British album certifications – Peter Gabriel – Peter Gabriel Cds4019". British Phonographic Industry.

Further reading

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