Margaret Drummond, Queen of Scotland
| Margaret Drummond | |
|---|---|
| Queen consort of Scots | |
| Tenure | 1364–1369 |
| Born | c. 1340 |
| Died | after 31 January 1375 |
| Spouse | Sir John Logie of that Ilk |
| Issue | John Logie |
| House | Clan Drummond |
| Father | Sir Malcolm Drummond |
Margaret Drummond (c. 1340 – after 31 January 1375), known also by her first married name as Margaret Logie, was the second queen of David II of Scotland.
Life
[edit]Daughter of Sir Malcolm Drummond, 10th Thane of Lennox, Chief of Clan Drummond (b. after 1295 – d. 17 October 1346 at the Battle of Neville's Cross, Durham, England),[1] in turn son of Sir Malcolm Drummond, 9th Thane of Lennox, Chief of Clan Drummond (b. after 1270, d. 1325), who fought in the Battle of Dunbar in 1296, where he was captured by the English, and in 1301 was again captured by the English, by his wife ... de Graham, daughter of Sir Patrick de Graham of Kincardine.[2][3][4][5]
Margaret first married Sir John Logie of that Ilk (d. 1363),[6] having by him a son, John Logie (c. 1365–c. 1395.)[7][8]
To counter Stewart influence, David II of Scotland pardoned John Logie in September 1343, son of a conspirator against Robert the Bruce in 1320, and restored to him the large lordship of Strathgartney bordering the earldoms of Menteith and Lennox. Strathgartney had been held by Sir John Menteith of Arran and Knapdale's family (cadets of the Stewarts and also former keepers of Dumbarton and guardians of Menteith). At the Battle of Neville's Cross in 1346, the king was apparently deserted by some of his subjects and led off to eleven years' captivity in England. After Neville's Cross the Steward as lieutenant would allow John Menteith to recover Strathgartney: This led David, when he returned from England in 1357/58, to try again to restore Logie's sasine.[9]
By 1361/62 Margaret was a mistress to King David who was widowed from his first wife, Joan of The Tower, the sister of the English King Edward III, on 14 August 1362. Margaret is first recorded on 20 January 1363 making a grant in a charter to the Friars Preachers of Aberdeen.[1]
In addition to David's aid to Margaret's husband John Logie, Margaret's brother, Malcolm Drummond, became coroner of Perth and received new lands in the shire, as did their uncle, John Drummond, whom David would make Earl of Menteith in 1360 directly denying a son of the Steward. David's favour to the Drummonds must have fuelled the tension between them and the Stewarts and Campbells: this erupted into a full-blown murderous feud by the 1350s.[10][2][11]
Margaret married David II of Scotland at Inchmurdach in Fife, on 20 February 1364.[1] Walter Bower claimed in Scotichronicon that: "with the aim therefore of providing for the succession to the kingdom from the fruit of her womb (if God granted it), King David chose a most beautiful lady, Margaret Logie, not so much for the excellence of her character … as for the pleasure he took in her desirable appearance"[12] She was the first Scotswoman since the 11th century to marry a reigning King of Scots.[13]
Whilst Margaret was high in her husbands favour, her niece Annabella married John Stewart, who later became king as Robert III, and who was Margaret's grand-nephew by marriage.[14][15] Her nephew Sir Malcolm Drummond married Isabella Douglas, daughter of William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas[1] and received grants of lands in Perthshire.[16]
They had no children and the King divorced her on 20 March 1369 on grounds of infertility, but with a £100 pension granted.[12] Margaret, however, challenged the divorce. She received a safe conduct to pass through England in 1372,[1] then travelled to Avignon, in southern France. In Avignon she had an audience with and made a successful appeal to the Pope Urban V to reverse the sentence of divorce which had been pronounced against her in Scotland. As she had a child from her first marriage, it seems more likely that David himself was infertile, since his thirty-four-year marriage to his first wife also bore no issue.[17] David also began an affair with Agnes Dunbar, sister of George, Earl of March which produced no children.[12]
Margaret survived the King, and was alive on 31 January 1375, but seems to have died soon after that date.[18] She died whilst on pilgrimage to Rome[1] and her funeral was paid for by Pope Gregory XI.[14]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Webster, Bruce (2004). "Margaret [née Margaret Drummond] (d. in or after 1374), queen of Scots, consort of David II". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/54287. Retrieved 17 September 2024. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b Boardman, S. (1996) The Early Stewart Kings: Robert II and Robert III, 1371-1406. East Linton. pp. 16-19.
- ^ Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003, volume 3, pages 2751 and 3102
- ^ Sir James Balfour Paul, The Scots Peerage: founded on Wood's edition of Sir Robert Douglas's The Peerage of Scotland (Edinburgh, Scotland: David Douglas, 1904), volume VII, page 30
- ^ Alison Weir, Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy (London, U.K.: The Bodley Head, 1999), page 211.
- ^ Allan, A. Stewart (December 1878). "Historical Notices of the Family of Margaret of Logy, Second Queen of David the Second, King of Scots". Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. 7: 330–361. doi:10.2307/3677892. ISSN 1474-0648. JSTOR 3677892.
- ^ Fraser, Douglas Book vol i, pp248-249
- ^ Bain, Cal.Doc.Scot. p.22 no 93. In which he is gifted a "parcel-gilt" cup by the English King valued at £4 5s 1d
- ^ "The Scots at the Battle of Neville's Cross, by Michael A. Penman, page 168. Retrieved 7 August 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ Regesta Regum Scottorum VI: The Acts of David II, 1329-71, ed. B. Webster (Edinburgh, 1982), nos. 75, 212, 327.
- ^ Fraser, Menteith, i, 109-15.
- ^ a b c Barrow, L. G. (2010). Fourteenth-Century Scottish Royal Women 1306-1371: Pawns, Players and Prisoners. Journal of the Sydney Society for Scottish History, Vol. 13. Chicago. p. 17.
- ^ Penman MA (2006) Margaret Logie, Queen of Scotland. In: Ewan E, Innes S, Reynolds S & Pipes R (eds.) The Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women: From the earliest times to 2004. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, pp. 248-249.
- ^ a b Barrell, A. D. M. (2000). Medieval Scotland. Cambridge University Press. p. 132.
- ^ Marshall, Rosalind K. (16 May 2019). Scottish Queens, 1034–1714. Birlinn Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78885-184-8.
- ^ Boardman, S. I. (2004). "Drummond family (per. 1363–1518), nobility". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/54170. Retrieved 17 September 2024. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Ashley, Mike (1999). The mammoth book of British kings and queens. London: Robinson Publishers. p. 551. ISBN 1-84119-096-9.
- ^ Dunbar, Sir Archibald H. (1899) Scottish Kings - A Revised Chronology of Scottish History 1005 - 1625. Edinburgh. p.156
- Alison Weir. (2011) Britain's Royal Family: A Complete Genealogy.
- A pedigree of the Drummonds