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List of birds of Karnataka

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The Indian state of Karnataka has 570 bird species within its boundaries. The following list of birds is based on multiple sources and incorporates recent taxonomic revisions. Species which are considered provisional, introduced or escapees are mentioned, but are not considered in the count.

The birds of some parts of Karnataka have been well studied. Uttara Kannada (known as North Kanara) district was surveyed by James Davidson[1] for five years between 1888 and 1896 (341 species) while parts of this district along with several sites in Belgavi district were covered for three months by Walter Norman Koelz in 1938 (232 species).[2] Salim Ali, in his historic survey of Mysore state (343 species), covered much of southern and central Karnataka [3] and Major Phythian-Adams covered parts of Mysore and provided the only records of several uncommon species.[4] Frederick Nicholson Betts covered Kodagu (Coorg) district,[5] then disjunct from Mysore, and provides good documentation of several birds (279 species) of the Western Ghats. Hence, by 1970, when modern field ornithology and amateur bird-watching were popularised through the Newsletter for Birdwatchers, a moderate level of documentation had taken place in several parts of Karnataka. The only grey area that remained unexplored was the north eastern parts of the state, which was part of the state of Hyderabad then. Salim Ali, during this Hyderabad State Ornithology Survey, could not visit these parts as the survey had to be cut short due to financial challenges.[6] The latest update follows the conventions of the IOC World Bird List, version 11.2, published in 2021.

The following tag has been used to highlight species which are considered accidental. The commonly occurring native species do not fit within any of these categories.

  • (A) Accidental - Also known as a rarity, it refers to a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in India-typically less than ten confirmed records.


Ducks, geese, and swans

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Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to an oily coating.[7]

Pheasants and allies

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Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

The Phasianidae are a family of terrestrial birds which consists of quails, partridges, snowcocks, francolins, spurfowls, tragopans, monals, pheasants, peafowls and jungle fowls. In general, they are plump (although they vary in size) and have broad, relatively short wings.

Frogmouths

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Sri Lanka frogmouths in Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary, Thattekad

Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Podargidae

The frogmouths are a group of nocturnal birds related to the nightjars. They are named for their large flattened hooked bill and huge frog-like gape, which they use to take insects.

Nightjars

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Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is camouflaged to resemble bark or leaves.

Treeswifts

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Order: Apodiformes   Family: Hemiprocnidae

The treeswifts, also called crested swifts, are closely related to the true swifts. They differ from the other swifts in that they have crests, long forked tails and softer plumage.

Swifts

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Order: Apodiformes   Family: Apodidae

Swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

Bustards

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Order: Otidiformes   Family: Otididae

Bustards are large terrestrial birds mainly associated with dry open country and steppes in the Old World. They are omnivorous and nest on the ground. They walk steadily on strong legs and big toes, pecking for food as they go. They have long broad wings with "fingered" wingtips and striking patterns in flight. Many have interesting mating displays.

Cuckoos

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Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs. Many are brood parasites.

Sandgrouse

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Order: Pterocliformes   Family: Pteroclidae

Sandgrouse have small, pigeon like heads and necks, but sturdy compact bodies. They have long pointed wings and sometimes tails and a fast direct flight. Flocks fly to watering holes at dawn and dusk. Their legs are feathered down to the toes.

Pigeons and doves

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Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

Rails, crakes, and coots

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Eurasian coot

Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically they inhabit dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak fliers.

Cranes

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Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays or "dances".

Grebes

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Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

Flamingos

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Order: Phoenicopteriformes   Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

Buttonquail

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Turnicidae

The buttonquail are small, drab, running birds which resemble the true quails. The female is the brighter of the sexes and initiates courtship. The male incubates the eggs and tends the young.

Stone-curlews and thick-knees

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

Oystercatchers

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising open molluscs.

Stilts and avocets

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

Plovers

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

Painted-snipes

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Rostratulidae

Painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the true snipes, but more brightly coloured.

Jacanas

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found throughout the tropics. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

Sandpipers and snipes

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Variation in length of legs and bills enables multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.

Crab-plover

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Crab-plover

Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Dromadidae

The crab-plover is related to the waders. It resembles a plover but with very long grey legs and a strong heavy black bill similar to a tern. It has black-and-white plumage, a long neck, partially webbed feet and a bill designed for eating crabs.

Coursers and pratincoles

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Glareolidae

Glareolidae is a family of wading birds comprising the pratincoles, which have short legs, long pointed wings and long forked tails, and the coursers, which have long legs, short wings and long pointed bills which curve downwards.

Gulls, terns, and skimmers

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds, the gulls, terns, and skimmers. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years.

Skuas

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Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

The family Stercorariidae are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They nest on the ground in temperate and arctic regions and are long-distance migrants.

Tropicbirds

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Order: Phaethontiformes   Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their heads and long wings have black markings.

Austral storm petrels

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Wilson's storm petrel

Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Oceanitidae

The storm petrels are relatives of the petrels and are the smallest seabirds. They feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

Northern storm petrels

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Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

Petrels, shearwaters, and diving petrels

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Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterised by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

Storks

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Order: Ciconiiformes   Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, long-legged, long-necked, wading birds with long, stout bills. Storks are mute, but bill-clattering is an important mode of communication at the nest. Their nests can be large and may be reused for many years. Many species are migratory.

Frigatebirds

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Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black-and-white or completely black, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

Gannets and boobies

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Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium to large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

Anhingas and darters

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Order: Suliformes   Family: Anhingidae

Anhingas and darters are often called "snake-birds" because of their long thin neck, which gives a snake-like appearance when they swim with their bodies submerged. The males have black and dark-brown plumage, an erectile crest on the nape and a larger bill than the female. The females have much paler plumage especially on the neck and underparts. The darters have completely webbed feet and their legs are short and set far back on the body. Their plumage is somewhat permeable, like that of cormorants, and they spread their wings to dry after diving.

Cormorants and shags

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Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Phalacrocoracidae is a family of medium to large coastal, fish-eating seabirds that includes cormorants and shags. Plumage colouration varies, with the majority having mainly dark plumage, some species being black-and-white and a few being colourful.

Ibises and spoonbills

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Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

Threskiornithidae is a family of large terrestrial and wading birds which includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings with 11 primary and about 20 secondary feathers. They are strong fliers and despite their size and weight, very capable soarers.

Herons and bitterns

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Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the bitterns, herons and egrets. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more wary. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

Pelicans

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Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. As with other members of the order Pelecaniformes, they have webbed feet with four toes.

Osprey

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Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

The family Pandionidae contains usually only one species, the osprey. The osprey is a medium-large raptor which is a specialist fish-eater.

Kites, hawks, and eagles

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Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

Barn owls

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Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons.

Owls

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Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

The typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

Trogons

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Order: Trogoniformes   Family: Trogonidae

The family Trogonidae includes trogons and quetzals. Found in tropical woodlands worldwide, they feed on insects and fruit, and their broad bills and weak legs reflect their diet and arboreal habits. Although their flight is fast, they are reluctant to fly any distance. Trogons have soft, often colourful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage.

Hoopoes

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Order: Bucerotiformes   Family: Upupidae

Hoopoes have black, white and orangey-pink colouring with a large erectile crest on their head.

Hornbills

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Order: Bucerotiformes   Family: Bucerotidae

Hornbills are a group of birds whose bill is shaped like a cow's horn, but without a twist, sometimes with a casque on the upper mandible. Frequently, the bill is brightly coloured.

Rollers

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Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Coraciidae

Rollers resemble crows in size and build, but are more closely related to the kingfishers and bee-eaters. They share the colourful appearance of those groups with blues and browns predominating. The two inner front toes are connected, but the outer toe is not.

Kingfishers

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Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Alcedinidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

Bee-eaters

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Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Meropidae

The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. Most species are found in Africa but others occur in southern Europe, Madagascar, Australia and New Guinea. They are characterised by richly coloured plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colourful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.

Asian barbets

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Order: Piciformes   Family: Megalaimidae

The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly coloured.

Woodpeckers

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Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

Caracaras and falcons

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Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

Old World parrots

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Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly coloured, and some are multi-coloured. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.

Pittas

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pittidae

Pittas are medium-sized by passerine standards and are stocky, with fairly long, strong legs, short tails and stout bills. Many are brightly coloured. They spend the majority of their time on wet forest floors, eating snails, insects and similar invertebrates.

Vangas, helmetshrikes, woodshrikes, and shrike-flycatchers.

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Vangidae

The woodshrikes are similar in build to the shrikes.

Woodswallows, butcherbirds, and peltops

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Artamidae

The woodswallows are soft-plumaged, somber-coloured passerine birds. They are smooth, agile flyers with moderately large, semi-triangular wings.

Ioras

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Aegithinidae

The ioras are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub, but whereas that group tends to be drab in colouration, ioras are sexually dimorphic, with the males being brightly plumaged in yellows and greens.

Cuckooshrikes

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Campephagidae

The cuckooshrikes are small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are predominantly greyish with white and black, although some species are brightly coloured.

Shrikes

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Laniidae Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked, like a bird of prey.

Figbirds, orioles, and turnagra

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Oriolidae

The Old World orioles are colourful passerine birds. They are not related to the New World orioles.

Drongos

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Dicruridae

The drongos are mostly black or dark grey in colour, sometimes with metallic tints. They have long forked tails, and some Asian species have elaborate tail decorations. They have short legs and sit very upright when perched, like a shrike. They flycatch or take prey from the ground.

Fantails and silktails

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Rhipiduridae

The fantails are small insectivorous birds which are specialist aerial feeders.

Monarchs

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Monarchidae

The monarch flycatchers are small to medium-sized insectivorous passerines which hunt by flycatching.

Crows and jays

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

Fairy flycatchers

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Stenostiridae

Most of the species of this small family are found in Africa, though a few inhabit tropical Asia. They are not closely related to other birds called "flycatchers".

Tits and chickadees

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

Larks

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.

Bulbuls

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pycnonotidae

Bulbuls are medium-sized songbirds. Some are colourful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throats or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Some species have distinct crests.

Swallows and martins

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

Leaf warblers and allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Phylloscopidae

Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with grayish-green to grayish-brown colors.

Reed warblers, Grauer's warbler, & allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acrocephalidae

The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but it also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.

Grassbirds & allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Locustellidae

Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.

Cisticolas and allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cisticolidae

The Cisticolidae are warblers found mainly in warmer southern regions of the Old World. They are generally very small birds of drab brown or grey appearance found in open country such as grassland or scrub.

Sylviid babblers

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

Parrotbills and allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paradoxornithidae

The parrotbills are a group of peculiar birds native to East and Southeast Asia, though feral populations exist elsewhere. They are generally small, long-tailed birds which inhabit reedbeds and similar habitat. They feed mainly on seeds, e.g. of grasses, to which their bill, as the name implies, is well-adapted

White-eyes

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Zosteropidae

The white-eyes are small and mostly undistinguished, their plumage above being generally some dull colour like greenish-olive, but some species have a white or bright yellow throat, breast or lower parts, and several have buff flanks. As their name suggests, many species have a white ring around each eye.

Babblers and scimitar babblers

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Timaliidae

The babblers, or timaliids, are somewhat diverse in size and colouration, but are characterised by soft fluffy plumage.

Ground babblers

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pellorneidae

These small to medium-sized songbirds have soft fluffy plumage but are otherwise rather diverse. Members of the genus Illadopsis are found in forests, but some other genera are birds of scrublands.

Alcippe fulvettas

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alcippeidae

The genus once included many other fulvettas and was previously placed in families Pellorneidae or Timaliidae.

Laughingthrushes and allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Leiothrichidae

The members of this family are diverse in size and colouration, though those of genus Turdoides tend to be brown or greyish. The family is found in Africa, India, and southeast Asia.

Fairy-bluebirds

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Irenidae

The fairy-bluebirds are bulbul-like birds of open forest or thorn scrub. The males are dark-blue and the females a duller green.

Nuthatches

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.

Starlings and rhabdornis

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Starlings are small to medium-sized passerine birds. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country. They eat insects and fruit. Plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen.

Thrushes

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

Chats and Old World flycatchers

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Muscicapidae

Old World flycatchers are a large group of small passerine birds native to the Old World. They are mainly small arboreal insectivores. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

Leafbirds

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Chloropseidae

The leafbirds are small, bulbul-like birds. The males are brightly plumaged, usually in greens and yellows.

Flowerpeckers

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Dicaeidae

The flowerpeckers are very small, stout, often brightly coloured birds, with short tails, short thick curved bills and tubular tongues.

Sunbirds

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Nectariniidae

The sunbirds and spiderhunters are very small passerine birds which feed largely on nectar, although they will also take insects, especially when feeding young. Flight is fast and direct on their short wings. Most species can take nectar by hovering like a hummingbird, but usually perch to feed.

Old World sparrows and snowfinches

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small, plump, brown or grey birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

Weavers and widowbirds

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Ploceidae

The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly coloured, usually in red or yellow and black, some species show variation in colour only in the breeding season.

Waxbills, munias, and allies

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Estrildidae

The estrildid finches are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colours and patterns.

Wagtails and pipits

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.

Finches and euphonias

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

Buntings

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Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

The emberizids are a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. In Europe, most species are called buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v Davidson, J. A. G. (1898). "The birds of North Kanara". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 11 (4): 652–679.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Koelz, Walter (1942). "Notes on the birds of the Londa neighbourhood, Bombay Presidency". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 43 (1): 11–38.
  3. ^ Ali, S. & Whistler, H. (1942–1943). "The birds of Mysore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 43–44: 130–147, 318–341, 573–595, 9–26, 206–220.
  4. ^ "Ali & Whistler (1942-43) has observed that besides an article by Phythian-Adams (1940 &1948), no literature is available extensively on birds from present study area"--Birds of Mysore Area
  5. ^ Betts, F. N. (1951–1952). "The birds of Coorg". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 50: 20–63, 224–263.
  6. ^ Praveen, J; Subramanya, S.; Raj, V. M. (2016). "A checklist of the birds of Karnataka". Indian Birds. 12 (4&5): 89–118.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Phythian-Adams, E. G. (1940). "Small game-shooting in Mysore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 41: 594–603.
  8. ^ a b c d e Phythian-Adams, E. G. (1948). "Geese, duck and Teal in South India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 47: 749.
  9. ^ a b "Mysore Nature - Birds of Mysore Area".
  10. ^ Photo record[dead link‍]
  11. ^ Photo record
  12. ^ Frend, G. V. R. (1950). "Occurrence of the Bluebreasted Quail [Excalfactoria chinensis (Linn.)] in Mysore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 49 (1): 118–119.
  13. ^ Prasad, J. N.; Madhusudan, A. 1993. Bluebreasted Quail - an addition to Bangalore avifaunal list. Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 33(1): 7
  14. ^ a b Davison, William (1883). "Notes on some birds collected on the Nilghiris and in parts of Wynaad and southern Mysore". Stray Feathers. 10: 329–419.
  15. ^ Subramanya, S. (1991). "Painted Bush Quail near Bangalore". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 31 (7&8): 11–12.
  16. ^ Prasad, J. N.; Karthikeyan, S.; Srinivasa, T. S.; Subramanya, S.; Shyamal, L. (1992). "Distribution of Painted Spurfowl in Karnataka". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 32 (7 & 8): 11–12.
  17. ^ a b c d e f Achar, K.P. & Shivashankar. 2012. Birds of south-west Karnataka Bhuvanendra Nature Club
  18. ^ Photo record
  19. ^ AO Hume and CHT Marshall (1881) The Game Birds of India, Burmah, and Ceylon.
  20. ^ Anderson, J. M. (1883). "A Letter". Stray Feathers. 10: 428.
  21. ^ Raghavendra, M. (2012). "Occurrence of Lesser Florican Sypheotides indicus in Bangalore, Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 7 (5).
  22. ^ Photo record
  23. ^ Photo record
  24. ^ Photo record
  25. ^ Photo record
  26. ^ Subramanya, S. (2005). "Nesting of Wood-Pigeon Columba elphinstonii in Nandi hills, Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 1 (2): 36–37.
  27. ^ Betts, F. N. (1952). "The birds of Coorg. Part II". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 50 (2): 224–263.
  28. ^ Abdulali, Humayun; Nair, Shanta 1969. Further extension of recorded southern range of Little Crake, Porzana parva (Scopoli). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
  29. ^ Photo record
  30. ^ Morris, R. C. 1939. On the occurrence of the Banded Crake (Rallus e. amuroptera) and the Malabar Woodpecker (Macropicus j. hodgsoni) in the Billigirirangan Hills, S. India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. XL(4): 763
  31. ^ Shivaprakash, A. 2002a. Re-occurrence of Demoiselle Crane in Mysore district. Newsletter for Birdwatchers: 42(1):8
  32. ^ Photo record
  33. ^ a b Ghorpade, Kumar D. (1974). "Preliminary notes on the ornithology of Sandur, Karnataka". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 70 (3): 499–531.
  34. ^ a b Aravind, N. A.; Rao, Dinesh; Madhusudan, P.S. (2001). "Additions to the birds of Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Ghats, India". Zoos' Print Journal. 16 (7): 541–547. doi:10.11609/JoTT.ZPJ.16.7.541-7.
  35. ^ Photo record
  36. ^ Sahana, M.; Kishendas, K. D.; Tanuja, D. H. (2006). "Occurrence of Pied Avocet near Mysore, Karnataka". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 46 (6): 72.
  37. ^ a b Foster, R. G. (1945). "The birds of Mysore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 45 (2): 241.
  38. ^ Searight, E. E. G. L. (1932). "Comparative frequency of Fantail, Pintail and Jack Snipe near Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 35: 900.
  39. ^ Betham, R. M. (1912). "Wood snipe (Gallinago nemoricola) occurring near Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 21: 677.
  40. ^ Phythian-Adams, E. G. 1939. Occurrence of the Swinhoe's Snipe [Capella megala (Swinhoe)] in Mysore. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. XLI(1): 178
  41. ^ Baker, E. C. S. (1911). "Occurrence of the Great Snipe (Gallinago major) near Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 20: 1155.
  42. ^ Menon, S. S. (1975). "On the occurrence of the Rednecked Phalarope on inland waters in Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 72: 846–847.
  43. ^ Photo record
  44. ^ Sadagopan, A. (2014). "Snapshot Sightings: Collared Pratincole from Bengaluru, Karnataka". Indian Birds. 9 (5 & 6): 168A.
  45. ^ Photo record
  46. ^ Photo record
  47. ^ a b Jamalabad, A. (2016). "Records of a White-eyed Gull Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus and a Black Tern Chlidonias niger from the Karwar coast, Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 12 (1): 12–14.
  48. ^ Doraiswamy, S. 2015. A Sooty Gull Ichthyaetus hemprichii from Udupi District, Karnataka Malabar Trogon 13(1) 37-38
  49. ^ a b c d e f Shivashankar, M.; Subramanya, S.; Karuthedathu, D. & Shivaprakash, A. (2011). "A note on pelagic bird sightings off the Mulki coast of southern India". Indian Birds. 7 (3).
  50. ^ "Recovery of ringed birds". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 62 (3): 564–565. 1966.
  51. ^ Bhat, K. S. H. (2004). "July 1964 - a strange visitor from Antarctica". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 44 (4): 60–61.
  52. ^ Praveen, J.; Karuthedathu, D.; Prince, M.; Palot, M. J. & Dalvi, S. (2013). "Identification of South Polar Skua Catharacta maccormicki in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean". Birding Asia. 19: 83–88.
  53. ^ Photo record
  54. ^ Karuthedathu, D. (2014). "Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus from the western coast of India: Identification in retrospect". Indian Birds. 9 (3): 69–72.
  55. ^ Madhyastha, N. A. (1986). "Redbilled Tropicbird at Kaup". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 26 (11–12): 23.
  56. ^ a b Karuthedathu, D., Praveen J., & Palot, M. J., 2013b. Recent trends in marine bird monitoring in India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 109 (1&2): 53–59 (2012).
  57. ^ Praveen, J.; Jayapal, R. & Pittie, A. (2013). "Notes on Indian rarities—1: Seabirds". Indian Birds. 8 (5): 113–125.
  58. ^ Photo record
  59. ^ Austin, Jeremy J.; Bretagnolle, Vincent & Pasquet, Eric (2004): A global molecular phylogeny of the small Puffinus shearwaters and implications for systematics of the Little-Audubon's shearwater complex. Auk 121 (3): 847–864. DOI: 10.1642/0004-8038(2004)121[0847:AGMPOT]2.0.CO;2 HTML abstract HTML fulltext without images
  60. ^ Andheria, Anish P. (2002). "Sighting of the Black Stork Ciconia nigra and Lesser Adjutant-Stork Leptoptilos javanicus at Nagarhole National Park, Karnataka". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 98 (3): 443–446.
  61. ^ Huilgol, Ajit K. (2007). "Sighting of the Lesser Frigate Bird Fregata ariel at Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary, Karnataka". Indian Birds. 3 (3): 103–104.
  62. ^ Madhyastha, N. A. (1988). "First report of Masked Booby, Sula dactylatra, from the shores of coastal Karnataka". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 84 (2): 433–434.
  63. ^ Gandhe, A. (2014). "Seabird observations off the western coast of India". Indian Birds. 9 (5 & 6): 137–138.
  64. ^ Abdulali, Humayun (1988). "A catalogue of the birds in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society-1. Gaviiformes to Ciconiiformes". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 65 (1): 182–199.
  65. ^ Phythian-Adams, E. G. (1937). "Occurrence of the Bittern (Botaurus s. stellaris) in south Mysore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 39 (4): 870.
  66. ^ Monnappa, B. (2014). "Snapshot Sightings: Little Bittern from Virajpet, Karnataka". Indian Birds. 9 (5 & 6): 168A.
  67. ^ Photo record
  68. ^ Photo record
  69. ^ Photo record
  70. ^ Subramanya, S. & Naveein, O. C. (2006). "Breeding of Long-billed Vulture Gyps indicus at Ramanagaram hills, Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 2 (2): 32–34.
  71. ^ Praveen, J.; Nameer, P. O.; Karuthedathu, D.; Ramaiah, C.; Balakrishnan, B.; Rao, K. M.; Shurpali, S.; Puttaswamaiah, R. & Tavcar, I. (2014). "On the vagrancy of the Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis to southern India". Indian Birds. 9 (1): 19–22.
  72. ^ Subramanya, S. (2001). "Cinereous vulture Aegypius monachus (Linn.), family Accipitridae, in Karnataka". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 98 (2): 278.
  73. ^ Haring, E.; Kvaløy, K.; Gjershaug, J.-O.; Røv, N. & Gamauf, A. (2007). "Convergent evolution and paraphyly of the hawk-eagles of the genus Spizaetus (Aves, Accipitridae) – phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial markers". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 45 (4): 353–365. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0469.2007.00410.x.
  74. ^ Shivprakash, A.; Kishen Das, K. R.; Shivanand, Thejaswi; Girija, T. & Sharath, A. (2006). "Notes on the breeding of the Indian Spotted Eagle Aquila hastata" (PDF). Indian Birds. 2 (1): 2–4.
  75. ^ Sant, Niranjan (2005). "Sighting of Steppe Eagles Aquila nipalensis near Belgaum, Maharashtra, India". Indian Birds. 1 (4): 96.
  76. ^ Photo record
  77. ^ Photo record
  78. ^ Photo record
  79. ^ a b Lethaby, N. (2005). "The occurrence of Lesser Fish Eagle Ichthyophaga humilis on the Cauvery River, Karnataka, India and some notes on the identification of this species". Birding Asia: 33–38.
  80. ^ a b Praveen, J. (2011). "An update on the distribution of Lesser Fish-Eagle Ichthyophaga humilis in southern India". Indian Birds. 7 (1).
  81. ^ Ramarao, Dinesh; Karuthedathu, Dipu; Mohanram, K.; Prakash, H. L.; Raju, A. K.; Sreekumar, H.; Kumar, Srikanth & Das, Vinay (2011). "On the breeding of Lesser Fish-Eagle Ichthyophaga humilis in Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka" (PDF). Indian Birds. 7 (1).
  82. ^ Photo record
  83. ^ Whistler, Hugh & Kinnear, N. B. (1935). "The Vernay Scientific Survey of the Eastern Ghats. (Ornithological Section). Part XII". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 38 (2): 232–240.
  84. ^ Vasudev, R.; Hareesh, T. S.; Hombe Gowda, H. C.; Bhat, Sridhar D.; Gunaga, Rajesh & Mohan Raj, Vijay (2005). "Report of an injured Ceylon Bay Owl Phodilus assimilis from Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 1 (5): 118–119.
  85. ^ Photo record
  86. ^ Photo record
  87. ^ Photo record
  88. ^ Narayanan, S. Prasanth; Sajith, K. M.; Pillai, Ajay P.; Narendran, M. M. & Sreekumar, B. (2008). "Records of European Roller Coracias garrulus from southern Peninsular India, including the first sighting from Kerala". Indian Birds. 4 (1): 2–5.
  89. ^ Aitken, E. H. (1897). "On the distribution of Halcyon pileata (The Black-capped Kingfisher)". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 11 (1): 164.
  90. ^ Shivaprakash, A. (2005). "Range extension of Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting in the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India". Indian Birds. 1 (4): 91.
  91. ^ Photo record
  92. ^ Lott, E. J. (1985). "European bee-eaters (Merops apiaster) in Karnataka". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 82: 411.
  93. ^ Photo record
  94. ^ Photo record
  95. ^ Jayant, M. S.; Aditya, G. S.; Hemanth, J. (1992). "Occurrence of the Hobby in Bangalore". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 32 (7–8): 14.
  96. ^ a b Ahmed, Ameen (2008). "Birds of Jayamangali (Maidenahalli) Blackbuck Conservation Reserve, Tumakuru district, Karnataka". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 48 (2): 25–29.
  97. ^ Photo record
  98. ^ Marien, Daniel (1952). "The systematics of Aegithina nigrolutea and Aegithina tiphia (Aves, Irenidae)". American Museum Novitates (1589): 1–18.
  99. ^ Photo record Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
  100. ^ Photo record Archived 2011-07-08 at the Wayback Machine
  101. ^ Jønsson, K. A.; Bowie, R. C. K.; Moyle, R. G.; Irestedt, M.; Christidis, L.; Norman, J. A. & Fjeldså, J. (2010). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Oriolidae (Aves: Passeriformes)" (PDF). Ecography. 33: 232–241. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06167.x.
  102. ^ Packert, Martin; Martens, Jochen; Eck, Siegfried; Nazarenko, Alexander A.; Valchuk, Olga P.; Petri, Bernd & Veith, Michael (2005). "The great tit (Parus major) – a misclassified ring species". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. 86 (2): 153–174. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2005.00529.x.
  103. ^ Lott, E. J. & Lott, C. (1999). "On the occurrence of White-naped Tit Parus nuchalis in southern Indian". Forktail. 15: 93–94.
  104. ^ Sadananda, K. B.; Tanuja, D. H.; Sahana, M.; Girija, T.; Sharath, A.; Vishwanath, M. K. & Shivaprakash, A. (2010). "Observations on the White-naped Tit Parus nuchalis in the Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka". Indian Birds. 6 (1): 12–14.
  105. ^ Photo record
  106. ^ Subramanya, S.; Prasad, J. N.; Karthikeyan, S. (2007). "Status, habitat, habits and conservation of Yellow-throated Bulbul Pycnonotus xantholaemus (Jerdon) in south India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 103 (2 & 3): 215–226.
  107. ^ George, Joseph, ed. (1994). Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Bangalore. Birdwatchers' Field Club of Bangalore.
  108. ^ Photo record
  109. ^ Photo record
  110. ^ a b Lethaby, Nick (2006). "A visit to Nandi Hills, Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 2 (5): 141–142.
  111. ^ Praveen, J. (2007). "More wintering sites for the Near threatened Tytler's Leaf-Warbler Phylloscopus tytleri in Peninsular India". Indian Birds. 3 (4): 146–149.
  112. ^ Fregin, Silke; Haase, Martin; Olsson, Urban & Alström, Per (2009). "Multi-locus phylogeny of the family Acrocephalidae (Aves: Passeriformes) – The traditional taxonomy overthrown". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 52 (3): 866–878. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.006. PMID 19393746.
  113. ^ Naveein, O. C.; Subramanya, S. & Krishna, M. B. (2003). "Status survey on the Broad-tailed grassbird in Karnataka". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 43 (6): 86.
  114. ^ Photo record
  115. ^ Photo record
  116. ^ Lovette, I.; McCleery, B.; Talaba, A. & Rubenstein, D. (2008). "A complete species-level molecular phylogeny for the "Eurasian" starlings (Sturnidae: Sturnus, Acridotheres, and allies): Recent diversification in a highly social and dispersive avian group"". Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. 47 (1): 251–260. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.020. PMID 18321732.
  117. ^ Ghorpade, K. D. (1974). "Occurrence of the Starling, Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus, near Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 70: 556–557.
  118. ^ Karthikeyan, S. (1992). "Pied Ground Thrush Zoothera wardii (Blyth) in Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 89: 258.
  119. ^ Praveen, J. (2006). "Reappearance of Pied Thrush (Zoothera wardi) (Blyth) at Nandi Hills, Karnataka, south India". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 46 (5): 79–80.
  120. ^ Photo record
  121. ^ Srinivasan, U. & Prashanth, N.S. (2005). "Additions to the Avifauna of the Biligirirangans" (PDF). Indian Birds. 1 (5): 104.
  122. ^ Photo record
  123. ^ Shivanand, T. & Shivaprakash, A. (2004). "Indian Blue Robin Luscinia brunnea winters at Chamundi Hill and Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary, Mysore, south India". Newsletter for Ornithologists. 1 (4): 54–56.
  124. ^ Prasad, J. N. & Srinivasa, T. S. (1992). "Indian Blue Chat Erithacus brunneus (Hodgson) in Bangalore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 89: 257.
  125. ^ Prasad, J. N.; Karthikeyan, S. & Subramanya, S. (1995). "Wintering of Indian Blue Chat Erithacus brunneus (Hodgson) and Pied Ground Thrush Zoothera wardii (Blyth) at Nandi Hills, South India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 92: 267–269.
  126. ^ Photo record
  127. ^ Robin, V.V.; Sinha, A.; Ramakrishnan, U. "Ancient Geographical Gaps and Paleo-Climate Shape the Phylogeography of an Endemic Bird in the Sky Islands of Southern India" http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0013321
  128. ^ BngBirds Post[dead link‍]
  129. ^ BngBirds Post[dead link‍]
  130. ^ Sashikumar, C.; Praveen, J.; Palot, Muhamed Jafer & Nameer, P. O. (2011). Birds of Kerala: Status and Distribution. DC Books, Kottayam. p. 835. ISBN 978-81-264-2921-9.
  131. ^ Karthikeyan, S. & Prasad, J. N. (1993). "Recent sighting of Whitebrowed Blue Flycatcher in Bangalore". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 33 (1): 8.
  132. ^ Photo record
  133. ^ Bhat, S. "Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra at Bengaluru: A first record for Karnataka". Indian Birds. 9 (3): 82–83.
  134. ^ Praveen, J. & Kuriakose, Giby (2006). "A review of the northern distribution range of near threatened Black-and-Orange Flycatcher Ficedula nigrorufa in the Western Ghats" (PDF). Zoos' Print Journal. 21 (12): 2516–2517. doi:10.11609/jott.zpj.1609.2516-7.
  135. ^ Photo record
  136. ^ Ghorpade, K & Lokesha, R. 2011. A prefactorial survey of birds in the Raichur Doab, with reference to the Bhimal river valley, Deccan Plateau. Humea (5):1-19
  137. ^ Photo record
  138. ^ Singal, R. (2013). "Pale Rock Sparrow Carpospiza brachydactyla from Manipal, Karnataka, India". Indian Birds. 8 (3): 78.
  139. ^ Umashekar, M. & Sreevatsa, S. (2005). "Sighting of Black-breasted Weaver (Ploceus benghalensis) in Raichur - north-east Karnataka". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 45 (4): 60–61.
  140. ^ Naik, K. L. & Hosetti, B. B. (2002). "Occurrence of Black Throated Weaver Bird (Ploceus benghalensis) in the Shimoga District of Karnataka state". Newsletter for Birdwatchers. 42 (5): 99–100.
  141. ^ Photo record
  142. ^ Photo record
  143. ^ Photo record
  144. ^ Photo record
  145. ^ Photo record
  146. ^ Photo record

References

[edit]
  • Ali, S. & Whistler, H. (1942–1943). "The birds of Mysore". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 43–44: 130–147, 318–341, 573–595, 9–26, 206–220.
  • Betts, F. N. (1951–1952). "The birds of Coorg". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 50: 20–63, 224–263.
  • Davidson, J. A. G. (1898). "The birds of North Kanara". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 11& 12: 682–683, 43–72.
  • George, Joseph, ed. (1994). Annotated Checklist of the Birds of Bangalore. Birdwatchers' Field Club of Bangalore.
  • Koelz, W. (1942). "Notes on the birds of the Londa neighbourhood, Bombay Presidency". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 43: 11–38.
  • Whistler, H. & Kinnear, N. B. (1931–1937). "The Vernay Scientific Survey of the Eastern Ghats (Ornithological Section)". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 35–39: 505–524, 737–760, 67–93, 334–352, 561–590, 832–844, 96–105, 281–297, 515–528, 751–763, 26–40, 232–240, 418–437, 672–698, 246–263, 447–463.
  • Rasmussen, Pamela C. & Anderton, J. C. (2005). Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide. Smithsonian Institution & Lynx Edicions.
[edit]
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