Landau–Yang theorem
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In quantum mechanics, the Landau–Yang theorem is a selection rule for particles that decay into two on-shell photons. The theorem states that a massive particle with spin 1 cannot decay into two photons.[original 1][original 2]
Assumptions
[edit]A photon here is any particle with spin 1, without mass and without internal degrees of freedom. The photon is the only known particle with these properties.
Consequences
[edit]The theorem has several consequences in particle physics. For example:
- The ρ meson cannot decay into two photons, differently from the neutral pion, that almost always decays into this final state (98.8% of times).[1]
- The Z boson cannot decay into two photons.
- The Higgs boson, whose decay into two photons was observed in 2012,[2][3] cannot have spin 1 in models that assume the Landau–Yang theorem. Measurements taken in 2013 have since confirmed that the Higgs has spin 0.[4]
Original references
[edit]- ^ Yang, Chen Ning (1950). "Selection Rules for the Dematerialization of a Particle into Two Photons". Physical Review. 77 (2): 242–245. Bibcode:1950PhRv...77..242Y. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.77.242.
- ^ Landau, Lev Davidovich (1948). "The moment of a 2-photon system". Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR. 60: 207–209.
Additional references
[edit]- ^ Particle Data Group. "Light Unflavored Mesons" (PDF). Retrieved 4 August 2012.
- ^ ATLAS collaboration (2012). "Observation of a New Particle in the Search for the Standard Model Higgs Boson with the ATLAS Detector at the LHC". Physics Letters B. 716. Phys. Lett. B: 1–29. arXiv:1207.7214. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.08.020. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
- ^ CMS collaboration (2012). "Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC". Physics Letters B. 716. Phys. Lett. B: 30–61. arXiv:1207.7235. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.08.021. Retrieved 4 August 2012.
- ^ Aad, G.; Abajyan, T.; Abbott, B.; Abdallah, J.; Abdel Khalek, S.; Abdinov, O.; et al. (ATLAS Collaboration) (7 October 2013). "Evidence for the spin-0 nature of the Higgs boson using ATLAS data". Phys. Lett. B. 726 (1–3): 120–144. arXiv:1307.1432. Bibcode:2013PhLB..726..120A. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2013.08.026. S2CID 11562016.