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Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla

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This article is about the 1974 film. For the 1993 film, see Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II. For the 2002 film, see Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla.
Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla
Theatrical release poster
Japanese name
Kanjiゴジラ対メカゴジラ
Transcriptions
Revised Hepburngojira tai mekagojira
Directed byJun Fukuda
Screenplay by
  • Hiroyasu Yamamura
  • Jun Fukuda[1]
Story by
Produced byTomoyuki Tanaka
Starring
CinematographyYuzuru Aizawa[1]
Edited byMichiko Ikeda
Music byMasaru Sato
Production
company
Toho–Eizo[1]
Distributed byToho
Release date
  • March 21, 1974 (1974-03-21) (Japan)
Running time
84 minutes[1]
CountryJapan
LanguageJapanese
Budget$1.2 million[2]
Box office$20 million

Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla (ゴジラ対メカゴジラ, Gojira tai Mekagojira) is a 1974 Japanese action-adventure kaiju film directed by Jun Fukuda, with special effects by Teruyoshi Nakano. Distributed by Toho and produced under their effects subsidiary Toho–Eizo, it is the 14th film of the Godzilla franchise, and features the fictional monster characters Godzilla, Anguirus, and King Caesar, along with the mecha character Mechagodzilla. The film stars Masaaki Daimon, Kazuya Aoyama, Gorō Mutsumi, and Akihiko Hirata, with Isao Zushi as Godzilla, Satoru Kuzumi as both Anguirus and King Caesar, and Kazunari Mori as Mechagodzilla. The film marks the first appearances of King Caesar and Mechagodzilla in the franchise.

Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla was released theatrically in Japan on March 21, 1974, to generally positive reviews. The film received a limited release in the United States in 1977 by Cinema Shares, under the title Godzilla vs. the Bionic Monster. It was then quickly re-released under the title Godzilla vs. the Cosmic Monster which was also the UK theatrical title. The film was followed up with a direct sequel in 1975 titled Terror of Mechagodzilla.

Plot

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In Okinawa, an Azumi priestess has a vision of a city being destroyed by a giant monster. Meanwhile, Masahiko Shimizu discovers a type of metal not found on Earth while spelunking and takes it to Professor Miyajima for examination. An excavation led by Masahiko's brother Keisuke uncovers a chamber filled with ancient artifacts and a mural bearing an ominous prophecy: "When a black mountain appears above the clouds, a huge monster will arise and try to destroy the world; but when the red moon sets and the sun rises in the west, two monsters shall appear to save the people." Keisuke is joined by archaeologist Saeko Kaneshiro, who translates the prophecy and takes a statue bearing the likeness of Okinawa's guardian monster King Caesar to study. Two men stalk them, one claiming to be a reporter while the other attempts to steal the statue, but fails and flees.

Following the appearance of a black cloud resembling a mountain, Godzilla emerges from Mount Fuji and begins a destructive rampage despite having become tolerant of humans within the past years. Godzilla's ally, Anguirus, confronts it, only to be nearly killed and forced to retreat. Keisuke arrives shortly after to check on Masahiko and Miyajima. Godzilla's rampage continues until the real Godzilla emerges to fight it, exposing it as an imposter called Mechagodzilla, a massive robot armed with advanced weaponry made of the same strange metal, later revealed to be space titanium. Godzilla is severely wounded, but inflicts some damage on Mechagodzilla before both monsters retreat. Miyajima hypothesizes, based on Mechagodzilla's advanced technology and composition, that the robot is an alien superweapon.

Keisuke and Saeko take the statue back to the temple, but are confronted by the thief once again. During the fight, the skin on half of the stranger's face melts away, revealing an ape-like visage. The intruder attempts to kill Keisuke, but an unseen gunman kills him before Keisuke and Saeko catch a brief glimpse of the reporter. Concurrently, Godzilla arrives on Monster Island during a thunderstorm and is struck by lightning multiple times, reinvigorating itself.

Masahiko, Miyajima and his daughter Ikuko explore the cave where the space titanium was first found, but are captured by ape-like aliens from the Third Planet of the Black Hole, who plan to use Mechagodzilla to conquer Earth. Their leader, Kuronuma, forces Miyajima to repair the robot. While Saeko checks into a hotel and guards the statue, Keisuke leaves to meet Masahiko at the caves, only to encounter the reporter, who reveals himself as Nanbara, an Interpol agent who has been tracking the aliens. After Nanbara and Keisuke infiltrate the alien base and free the prisoners, Keisuke and Ikuko leave to pick up Saeko and the statue while Miyajima, Nanbara, and Masahiko stay behind, only to be recaptured by Kuronuma.

The next morning, a lunar eclipse results in a red moon and a mirage of the sun rising in the west. Seeing this, the team realizes they have to awaken King Caesar. They meet with the priestess and her grandfather and place the statue in the temple, revealing King Caesar's resting place. As Kuronuma dispatches Mechagodzilla, the priestess sings to awaken King Caesar and Godzilla appears shortly afterward. The two monsters join forces to fight Mechagodzilla. When the robot tries to escape, Godzilla uses its stored electricity to create an electromagnetic field to attract Mechagodzilla before tearing off its head, causing it to explode. While the mortified aliens are distracted, Nanbara and the others free themselves, kill their captors, and sabotage the base, fleeing as it explodes. With the enemy defeated, Godzilla heads out to sea and King Caesar returns to its resting place while the humans rejoice.

Cast

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  • Masaaki Daimon as Keisuke Shimizu (清水 敬介, Shimizu Keisuke)
  • Kazuya Aoyama as Masahiko Shimizu (清水 正彦, Shimizu Masahiko)
  • Akihiko Hirata as Professor Hideto Miyajima (宮島 秀人, Miyajima Hideto)
  • Hiroshi Koizumi as Professor Wagura (和倉 博士, Wagura-hakase)
  • Reiko Tajima as Saeko Kanagusuku (金城 冴子, Kanagusuku Saeko)
  • Hiromi Matsushita as Ikuko Miyajima (宮島 郁子, Miyajima Ikuko)
  • Gorō Mutsumi as Kuronuma, Black Hole Alien Leader
  • Shin Kishida as Nanbara, Interpol Agent
  • Takayasu Torii as Tamura, Interpol Agent
  • Beru-Bera Lin as Princess Nami, Azumi
  • Masao Imafuku as High Priest Azumi
  • Daigo Kusano as Yanagawa, Alien Agent #1
  • Kenji Sahara as Ship Captain
  • Isao Zushi as Godzilla[3]
  • Kazunari Mori as Mechagodzilla[3]
  • Kin'ichi Kusumi as Anguirus and King Caesar[3]

Production

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As with all previous entries in the Godzilla film series, the kaiju characters featured in Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla were depicted through suitmation. The body of the Mechagodzilla suit, worn by suit actor Kazunari Mori, was made from a polyethylene material, while the suit's head and hands were made using fibre-reinforced plastic.[4]

Release

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Cinema Shares' theatrical posters for the 1977 U.S release of the film. The film changed titles while in theaters from Godzilla vs. the Bionic Monster to Godzilla vs. the Cosmic Monster.

Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla was released in Japan on March 21, 1974, where it was distributed by Toho.[1] The film was followed up with a direct sequel in 1975 titled Terror of Mechagodzilla.[5]

The film was released in the United States in March 1977.[1] It was released by Cinema Shares in the United States under the title Godzilla vs. the Bionic Monster where the film was shown predominantly at Saturday "kiddie" matinees.[6] The Cinema Shares theatrical version deleted four minutes of credits, profanity and blood-letting from the film.[7] Universal Television threatened to sue Cinema Shares over the use of the name "Bionic" in the film's title, as they owned the rights to The Six Million Dollar Man and The Bionic Woman TV series.[6] The film title was quickly changed to Godzilla vs. the Cosmic Monster, which was also used for the 1977 U.K. theatrical release.[6]

Box office

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The film made slightly more money than Godzilla vs. Megalon, but was still not making as big a box office profit as the other films in the Godzilla series had in the early 1960s.[8] The 1974 Japanese release earned a distribution income (rentals) of ¥370 million.[9] It also grossed $17.1 million overseas,[10] for a worldwide total of about $20 million by 1980.[2]

Home video

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In 1988, New World Video restored the film on home video, using a complete and unedited print titled Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla.[7] In 2004, TriStar released the film on DVD as Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla, with both English and Japanese audio included.[11] In 2019, both the Japanese version and export English version were included in a Blu-ray box set released by the Criterion Collection, which included all 15 films from the franchise's Shōwa era.[12]

Reception

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In a contemporary review in the Monthly Film Bulletin, Tony Rayns stated that at this point in the Godzilla series, there was no way the film "could have been anything other than formulary, but it could clearly have been much less shambling than it is."[13] Rayns noted that Shinichi Sekizawa's story was "for once, quite ambitious" while noting that the film's "'mythic' elements are never coherent or impressive enough to match the array of alien technology, and the script seems to forget all about fulfilling its own prophecies as it hurries towards the regulation free-style wrestling climax."[13]

From retrospective reviews, Stuart Galbraith IV discussed the film in his book on Japanese genre films.[8] Galbraith described the film as a "complete mess", finding that the aliens in the film were a rip-off of Planet of the Apes and that the film had poor effects work and "equally poor direction of Jun Fukuda."[6] Galbraith opined that the film was "an improvement over Godzilla vs. Megalon, but that's not saying much."[8] Among the positive attributes, Galbraith noted that Masaru Sato's score was interesting and series veterans Akihiko Hirata, Hiroshi Koizumi and Kenji Sahara "make welcome appearances."[6] In Phil Hardy's book Science Fiction (1984), a review stated that "the final fight is suitably impressive although the tongue-in-cheek reference to Leone slows the action down too much."[14]

On Rotten Tomatoes, an approval rating of 86% based on 7 reviews, with a rating average of 6.3/10."[15]

King Caesar

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King Caesar
Godzilla character
First appearanceGodzilla vs. Mechagodzilla (1974)
Last appearanceGodzilla: Final Wars (2004)
Created byJun Fukuda
Portrayed byShōwa series
Kin'ichi Kusumi
Millennium series
Motokuni Nakagawa
In-universe information
AliasCaesar
SpeciesShisa Creature

King Caesar (キングシーサー, Kingu Shīsā) is a god kaiju who first appeared in Toho's 1974 Godzilla film Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla. In his first film appearance, King Caesar is portrayed as a guardian deity and the protector of an ancient Ryukyuan family. Awakened from a dormant state, King Caesar joins forces with Godzilla to vanquish Mechagodzilla.

Overview

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Name

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Shisa statue

King Caesar's name and appearance are based on Shisa, which are artistically embellished stone lion statues common in Okinawa, where the film Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla took place. They are an Okinawan variation on the Chinese guardian lion (石獅; Shishi, meaning "Stone Lion"),[16] which in turn originates from Buddhist tradition in India, where Asiatic lions are native. Shisa only loosely resemble actual lions on account of being based on second-hand descriptions by people who had never seen one in person.[17] In the 1970s, general East Asian folklore were relatively unknown to Western audiences, which resulted in the translators interpreting name "Shisa" to be a Japanization of the name "Caesar".[18]

Development

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King Caesar's character concept was inspired by a traditional Okinawan folk tale in which a Shisa protects a village from a rampaging dragon. This myth is referenced in the character's introductory film, Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla, in which the titular Mechagodzilla plays the role of the evil "dragon".[19] It is portrayed as a loyal and powerful protector of mankind, in reference to the role Shisa play in Okinawan tradition.[20] Character profiles in supporting media describe the monster as standing 50–100 meters (160–330 feet) tall and weighing 30,000 tonnes (33,069 short tons)-50,000 tonnes (55,115 short tons).[21] King Caesar is shown to be swift and athletic. It can also draw an enemy's energy weapons into its right eye and reflect them back from its left eye with ten times the force,[22] and empower itself with solar energy.[23]

Powers and abilities

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King Caesar is portrayed as an incredibly agile martial artist, possessing both speed and super-strength. He is also capable of absorbing energy beam attacks or energy projections and reflecting this energy back at his opponent through his eyes. In the television show Godzilla Island, King Caesar is depicted as being able to fire an electricity beam from his mouth.

Reception

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Along with fellow 1970s Showa era monster Gigan, King Caesar is the favourite monster of director Ryuhei Kitamura, which led to the character's inclusion in the film Godzilla: Final Wars.[24]

Appearances

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Films

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Television

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Video games

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Literature

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g Galbraith IV 1994, p. 352.
  2. ^ a b Edelson, Edward (1980). Great animals of the movies. Doubleday. p. 85. ISBN 9780385147286. By the late 1970s, Godzilla films settled down to a comfortable formula. Toho was making two films a year. Each cost in the neighborhood of $1.2 million and could be counted on to earn about $20 million.
  3. ^ a b c Ryfle 1998, p. 361.
  4. ^ 東宝特撮映画大全集 [Toho Special Effects Movie Complete Works] (in Japanese). Villagebooks. 2012. pp. 169–171. ISBN 978-4864910132.
  5. ^ Galbraith IV 1994, p. 220.
  6. ^ a b c d e Galbraith IV 1994, p. 219.
  7. ^ a b Kalat 2007, p. 137.
  8. ^ a b c Galbraith IV 1994, p. 217.
  9. ^ 歴代ゴジラ映画作品一覧
  10. ^ Travis Bean (June 4, 2019). "Where 'King Of The Monsters' Ranks In Godzilla's Box Office History". Forbes. Archived from the original on December 11, 2019. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  11. ^ "Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla (1974) - Jun Fukuda: Releases". AllMovie. Retrieved October 12, 2015.
  12. ^ Patches, Matt (July 25, 2019). "Criterion reveals the collection's 1000th disc: the ultimate Godzilla set". Polygon. Archived from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
  13. ^ a b Rayns, Tony (1977). "Gojira Tai Mekagojira (Godzilla vs. the Bionic Monster)". Monthly Film Bulletin. 44 (516). London: British Film Institute: 122.
  14. ^ Hardy 1984, p. 319.
  15. ^ "Godzilla vs Mechagodzilla (1974)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  16. ^ a b c d e f "CREATURE FEATURE : King Caesar". Kaiju Battle. Retrieved 2024-12-20.
  17. ^ Adam Ledford (11 September 2014). "Tracing the History of Japan's Mythical Lion Dogs - Tofugu". Tofugu. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
  18. ^ Barr, Jason (2016). The Kaiju Film: A Critical Study of Cinema's Biggest Monsters. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. pp. 185–86n3. ISBN 978-0786499632.
  19. ^ Ruffin, John (2015-08-05). "The Mystery of King Caesar". MyKaiju.com. Retrieved 2019-06-28.
  20. ^ Chan, Rence (2018-10-26). "Shisa: Tales of Stone Dog Guardians". Collector's Connection. Retrieved 2019-06-28.
  21. ^ 東宝特撮全怪獣図鑑 (in Japanese). Shogakukan. 2014. p. 69. ISBN 9784096820902.
  22. ^ Godzilla Movie Studio Tour PC Game - King Caesar character profile
  23. ^ Romero, Anthony (2010-04-29). "Character Analysis: King Caesar [Showa Series]". Toho Kingdom. Retrieved 2019-06-28.
  24. ^ "Ryuhei Kitamura versus Kitamura Ryuhei". GaijinPot InJapan. 29 March 2010. Retrieved 2016-02-09.
Bibliography
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