Khwaja Khel (Khwajgan)
Khwaja Khel خواجه خېل | |
|---|---|
_of_Swat_page-1_%26_2.jpg) | |
| (Khwaja Khel خواجه خېل) Khwaja Khel خواجه خېل (including those of ancestral descent) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Primarily , Swat State and recently Pakistan, Swat District | |
| Languages | |
| The Yusufzai dialect of Pashto (Pakhto پښتو) (Native) | |
| Religion | |
| Islam (Sunni) |
Khwaja Khel,(خواجه خېل), also known as Khwajgan is a clan or family of Yusufzai Pashtuns[1] settled in different parts of Swat valley, including Bara Bandai, Mingora, Barikot,[2] Charbagh and Dakorak. Additionally, some Khwajgan families can also be found in areas like Zhob Loralai and Tank districts of Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Origin
[edit]The origin of the Khwajakhel family has been largely unclear until a recent DNA study shed light on its ancestry. The study suggests that the Khwajakhel family is native to the Swat valley, as their DNA matches with remains found in various historical sites across the valley, such as Barikot, Saidusharif, Loebanr, and Aligrama, dating back to between 900 BC and the 13th century. This finding challenges previous assumptions and suggests that the Pashtuns in the region, rather than migrating there, are actually indigenous to the valley.
Further analysis of the DNA confirms that the Khwajakhel family is part of the larger Yusufzai tribe of Pashtuns, which historically inhabited the region. The name "Khwajakhel" itself likely originated due to the family's connections with Muslim Khatris. The Khatri community, which is often associated with trade and commerce, has been linked to the Pashtun Khattak tribe, according to historian B. N. Puri, who noted that Khatris were often referred to as Khojas or Khwajas.
Khwajgan, as the plural for "Khwāja". The title "Khawaja" is an honorific used across many cultures, particularly in South Asia, the Middle East, and Central Asia, often given to revered figures such as Sufi teachers or spiritual leaders. It is derived from the Persian word khwāja, which means "lord" or "master". It is also used by Kashmiri Muslims[3][4] and Mizrahi Jews—particularly Kurdish Jews.[5] The name or title Khawaja was usually given in Arab lands to non-Muslim dignitaries, usually to Jews or Christians. The word comes from the Persian word khwāja. In Persian, the title roughly translates to 'Lord' or 'Master'.[6]
The Ottoman Turkish pronunciation of the Persian khwāja gave rise to hodja and its equivalents such as hoca in modern Turkish, hoxha in Albanian, խոջա (xoǰa) in Armenian, xoca (khoja) in Azerbaijani,[7][8] hodža/хоџа in Serbo-Croatian, ходжа (khodzha) in Bulgarian, χότζας (chótzas) in Greek, and hoge in Romanian.
.jpg)
Thus, the Khwajakhel family's connection to the name "Khwaja" is likely due to their historical ties with the Khatri community, and their legacy of spiritual or noble significance linked to the use of the title "Khawaja". The study suggests that the Khwajakhel family is not only part of the Yusufzai Pashtuns tribe but also has deep historical roots in the Swat valley, confirming their long-standing presence in the region.
Settlements
[edit]In the 18th century, Khwajgan were settled in a village of Kabal Tehsil named Tall Dardiyal and took the profession of business into their hands. Over time, Khwajakhel was relocated to Pir Kaley Matta in the relocation system of Swat State. After some years they were again relocated to Bara Bandai Dakorak, Charbagh with the same system, and lands were allotted to the family in the village they settled. In the 20th century, some of the Khwajgan migrated from Bajaur Agency and started their journey of life in some areas of upper swat such as Sijband and Shokhdarra of Matta Tehsil.[9]
Recent settlement
[edit]
The first known people of the Khwajgan family at Swat were Fazal Ahmad Shah and Habib Shah. Fazal Ahmad Shah had three sons Sayyaden Shah, Nawab Shah, and Muhammad Shah who are now descended to almost eight generations. In the 20th century, after the urbanization of The Yusafzai State of Swat due to their business needs, Khwajgan settled in different towns and cities of Swat. Mostly in Bara Bandai, Mingora, Sangota, Charbagh, Barikot, Matta, Sijband.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Masters Of Wisdom: An Esoteric History of the Spiritual Unfolding of Life on This Planet by J.G. Bennett, ISBN 0-87728-466-0
- Masters Of Wisdom of Central Asia by Hasan Shusud, ISBN 0-900306-93-9
- The Teachers of Gurdjieff by Rafael Lefort, ISBN 0-87728-213-7
- The Naqshbandi Sufi Way, History and Guidebook of the Saints of the Golden Chain by Shaykh Muhammad Hisham Kabbani, Kazi Publications, USA (1995), ISBN 0-934905-34-7
References
[edit]- ^ Khan, Roshan (1986). Yūsufzaʼī qaum kī sarguzasht. Karachi: Roshan Khan and Company.
- ^ Wardak, A. (2003) "Jirga – A Traditional Mechanism of Conflict Resolution in Afghanistan" p. 7 Archived 2006-10-07 at the Wayback Machine, online at UNPAN (the United Nations Online Network in Public Administration and Finance), accessed 10 January 2009
- ^ Epilogue, Vol 4, Issue 5. Epilogue -Jammu Kashmir. pp. 23–. GGKEY:JAACF25BJCD.
- ^ Shyam Lal Pardesi (1989). Amudarya to Vitasta: A Bird's Eye-view of Relations Between Central-Asia and Kashmir. Sangarmaal Publications. p. 15.
It is most pertinent to mention here that the word Khwaja is used as mark of respect before the name of a Kashmiri Muslim shopkeeper or wholesale dealer.
- ^ Zaken, Mordechai (2007). Jewish subjects and their tribal chieftains in Kurdistan: a study in survival. Jewish Identities in a Changing World. Leiden: Brill. pp. 59–60. ISBN 978-90-04-16190-0.
The leading Jewish family in Aqra during the last three generations was known by the name of Khawaja Khinno. The patriarchs of Khawaja Khinno managed the affairs of the Jewish community of Aqra and developed relationships with aghas and officials whose benevolence aided the Jews in times of need... The name or title Khawaja was usually given in Arab lands to non-Muslim dignitaries, usually to Jews or Christians.
- ^ Potter, Lawrence G., ed. (2014). The Persian Gulf in Modern Times. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US. doi:10.1057/9781137485779. ISBN 978-1-349-50380-3.
- ^ Ashyrly, Akif (2005). Türkün Xocalı soyqırımı (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). Baku: Nurlan. p. 12.
"Xoca" türkcə ağ-saqqal, "böyük" mənasını daşıyaraq hörmət əlamətini bildirir
- ^ "Xoca". Obastan (in Azerbaijani). Archived from the original on 11 February 2021. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
- ^ Zubair Tanoli. (2016) "Land and forest governance in Swat, online at ResearchGate, accessed 10 March 2023