Tindi language

Tindi
Tindi
Идараб мицци Idarab mittsi
Pronunciation	[idarab mitsːi]
Native to	North Caucasus
Region	Southern Dagestan
Ethnicity	Tindi people
Native speakers	4,500 (2020 census)
Language family	Northeast Caucasian Avar–Andic Andic Akhvakh–Tindi Karata–Tindi Botlikh–Tindi Bagvalal–Tindi Tindi; ; ; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	tin
Glottolog	tind1238
ELP	Tindi
	Tindi
	Tindi is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Tindi is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken in the Russian republic of Dagestan. Tindis have no individual designation for their language, but those living in the village of Idar [ru] call their language Idarab mitstsi meaning 'the language of the Idar village'. It is only an oral language; Avar or Russian are used in written communication instead.^[2] Tindi vocabulary contains many loanwords from Avar, Turkish, Arabic, and Russian.^[3] It has approximately 4,500 speakers.^[1]

Phonology

Vowels

There are 20 phonemic vowels in Tindi.^[4]^[5]

	Front	Central	Back
Close	i iː		u uː
Mid	e eː		o oː
Open		a aː

Nasalized vowels may also exist as /ĩ, ẽ, ã, õ, ũ/ and as long-nasalized /ĩː, ẽː, ãː, õː, ũː/.

Consonants

		Labial	Dental		Alveolar				Palatal	Velar				Uvular		Pharyn- geal	Glottal
			Dental		central		lateral			central		palatalized		Uvular
			lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis		lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis	lenis	fortis
Nasal		m	n
Plosive	voiceless	p	t							k	kː	kʲ	kːʲ
	ejective		tʼ							kʼ		kʼʲ					ʔ
	voiced	b	d							ɡ		ɡʲ
Affricate	voiceless		t͡s	t͡sː	t͡ʃ	t͡ʃː		t͡ɬː							q͡χː
Affricate	ejective		t͡sʼ	t͡sːʼ	t͡ʃʼ	t͡ʃːʼ		t͡ɬːʼ							q͡χːʼ
Fricative	voiceless		s	sː	ʃ	ʃː	ɬ	ɬː	ç					χ	χː	ħ	h
Fricative	voiced		z		ʒ									ʁ		ʕ
Trill					r
Approximant		w	l						j

References

^ ^a ^b Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 7. Население наиболее многочисленных национальностей по родному языку
^ Tindi language at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.
^ "Грамматика тиндинского языка | Малые языки России". minlang.iling-ran.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-27.
^ "Тиндинский язык | Малые языки России". minlang.iling-ran.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-27.

Magomedbekova, Z. M. (2001). "Tindinskij Jazyk". Yazyki mira: Kavkazskie Yazyki. Moskva: Academia. pp. 283–291.

External links

This Northeast Caucasian languages-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[2020_census-1] Том 5. «Национальный состав и владение языками». Таблица 7. Население наиболее многочисленных национальностей по родному языку

[e18-2] Tindi language at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)

[3] Akiner, Shirin (1986). Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Union. Routledge. p. 264. ISBN 978-1-136-14266-6.

[4] "Грамматика тиндинского языка | Малые языки России". minlang.iling-ran.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-27.

[5] "Тиндинский язык | Малые языки России". minlang.iling-ran.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-27.

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