Rongpo language

Tolcha
Tolcha
Tolchha
Native to	India
Region	Niti Valley
Ethnicity	Tolcchas
Extinct	since the 1950s
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Tibeto-Burman Tibeto-Kanauri (?) West Himalayish Rongpo Tolcha; ; ; ; ;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (mis)
Glottolog	tolc1238
ELP	Rongpo

Rongpo
Rongpo
Rangpo
/r~øpø/
Native to	India
Region	Uttarakhand
Ethnicity	Rongpo people
Native speakers	7,500 (2001)
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Tibeto-Kanauri ? West Himalayish Rongpo–Almora Rongpo; ; ; ;
Dialects	Marcha; Tolcha †;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	rnp
Glottolog	rong1264
ELP	Rongpo
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Rongpo (also known as Rangpo^[1] and Rang Po Bhasa^[2]) is a West Himalayish language spoken in Uttarakhand, India. George Abraham Grierson originally called the language the Garhwal dialect of one of the Tibetic languages, but is now considered its own independent language.^[2]

Geographical distribution

Rongpo is spoken in the following locations of Uttarakhand, India (Ethnologue).

Niti Valley, Joshimath tehsil, Chamoli District, Garhwal Division, Uttarakhand (in Niti, Gamshali, Bampa, and Malari villages)
Mana valley, Joshimath tehsil Chamoli District, Garhwal Division, Uttarakhand: Mana, Indradhara, Gajkoti, Pathiya-Dhantoli, Hanuman Chatti, Benakuli, and Aut.

Dialects

The two different dialects of Rongpo are called the Marcha (Marchha) and the Tolcha (Tolchha) dialect,^[1] Both dialects only have a difference in the phonetic level and are written in the same way.^[2]

Marcha

Marcha dialect is spoken in Mana and Niti valleys.^[2]

Tolcha

There are a few Tolchha dialect speakers in Niti valley. Tolcha is usually considered its own independent and separate language from Rongpo.^[5]^[6] Tolcha has been considered extinct by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger since the 1950s.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Endangered Languages Project - Rongpo". ELP. Retrieved 23 December 2024.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Randy J. LaPolla (2001). The Tibeto-Burman Languages of Uttar Pradesh (PDF). University of Hong Kong. p. 2,9. Retrieved 29 December 2024.
^ "Rongpo". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2024. 7,500 (2001 D. Bradley).
^ ^a ^b Christopher Moseley; Alexandre Nicolas (2010). "Atlas of the world's languages in danger". UNESCO. p. 203. Retrieved 22 December 2024.
^ "The Endangered And Extinct Languages Of India". Outlook. 5 May 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2025.
^ "Of native tongues vanished & in peril". Hindustan Times. 12 July 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2025.

This Sino-Tibetan languages-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[ELP-1] "Endangered Languages Project - Rongpo". ELP. Retrieved 23 December 2024.

[LaPolla-2] Randy J. LaPolla (2001). The Tibeto-Burman Languages of Uttar Pradesh (PDF). University of Hong Kong. p. 2,9. Retrieved 29 December 2024.

[3] "Rongpo". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 6 June 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2024. 7,500 (2001 D. Bradley).

[UNESCO-4] Christopher Moseley; Alexandre Nicolas (2010). "Atlas of the world's languages in danger". UNESCO. p. 203. Retrieved 22 December 2024.

[5] "The Endangered And Extinct Languages Of India". Outlook. 5 May 2022. Retrieved 5 January 2025.

[6] "Of native tongues vanished & in peril". Hindustan Times. 12 July 2019. Retrieved 4 January 2025.

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