FRD-903
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Preferred IUPAC name
2,3,3,3-Tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid | |
| Other names
Perfluoro-2-propoxypropanoic acid, hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA), C3 dimer acid
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.032.928 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C6HF11O3 | |
| Molar mass | 330.053 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Liquid <60 °C |
| Density | 1.748 g/cm3 (at 20 °C) |
| Soluble, 739 g/L [1] | |
| Acidity (pKa) | 3.82 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling:[1] | |
 
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| Danger | |
| H302, H314, H335 | |
| P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P319, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 60 °C (140 °F; 333 K) |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | [2] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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FRD-903 (also known as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid, HFPO-DA, and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoic acid) is a chemical compound that is among the class of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). More specifically, this synthetic petrochemical is also described as a perfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acid (PFECA) and a Fluorointermediate.[2] It is not biodegradable and is not hydrolyzed by water.[3][4]
Production
[edit]The production process involves 2 molecules of hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO) to produce hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid fluoride (FRD-903). The ammonium salt of FRD-903 is FRD-902 (ammonium (2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(heptafluoropropoxy)propanoate)), which is the specific chemical which Chemours has trademarked as part of GenX process.[5] FRD-903 is used as an aid within the manufacturing process for fluoropolymers by reducing the surface tension in the process, allowing polymer particles to increase in size. The process is completed with chemical treatment or heating to remove the FRD-903 from the final polymer product. It can then be recovered for re-use within the process.[6]
Drinking water
[edit]In 2020, Michigan adopted drinking water standards for five previously unregulated PFAS compounds including HFPO-DA which has a maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 370 parts per trillion (ppt).[7][8]
In March 2023, the EPA announced drinking water standards for several PFAS chemicals, which included FRD-903.[9][10]
References
[edit]- ^ Drinking Water Health Advisory epa.gov
- ^ "Gen-x/PFAS Information". Brunswick County Government. Brunswick County, North Carolina. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
- ^ "Justification for the selection of a substance for CoRAP inclusion". Retrieved 23 July 2017.
- ^ Beekman, M.; et al. (2016-12-12). "Evaluation of substances used in the GenX technology by Chemours, Dordrecht". National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM, The Netherlands). Retrieved 2017-07-23.
- ^ "GenX Chemical in Drinking Water: Side Effects and Health Risks of GenX". 13 November 2023.
- ^ "What is GenX? | Get the Facts".
- ^ Matheny, Keith (3 August 2020). "Michigan's drinking water standards for these chemicals now among toughest in nation". Detroit Free Press. Archived from the original on 31 January 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
- ^ "New state drinking water standards pave way for expansion of Michigan's PFAS clean-up efforts". Michigan.gov. 3 August 2020. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
- ^ "EPA announces drinking water standards for six individual PFAS "forever chemicals"".
- ^ "EPA Proposes PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Rule -- hearing (5/4), invites comments (By 5/30) - EconSpark".