Helgafell (Vestmannaeyjabær)
| Helgafell | |
|---|---|
 The cone of the Helgafell volcano seen from Heimaey harbor | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 227 m (745 ft)[1] |
| Coordinates | 63°25′45″N 20°15′36″W / 63.42917°N 20.26000°W |
| Geography | |
  Helgafell Iceland | |
| Location | Heimaey, Iceland |
| Geology | |
| Rock age | 5,000 years |
| Last eruption | 3950 BCE ± 300 years[2] |
Helgafell (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhɛlkaˌfɛtl̥] , "Helgi's mountain"[3]) is an inactive 227 m (745 ft)[4] volcanic cone located on the island of Heimaey in the Vestmannaeyjar archipelago in Iceland.
The Stórhöfði peninsula immediately to the south of Helgafell in what is now southern Heimaey formed about 6000 years ago.[2] Helgafell formed a thousand years later in a monogenetic volcanic eruption,[5]: 55 which created much of the present island over a period of between 11 and 12 months,[1][4] at 3950 BCE ± 300 years.[2] This erupted 0.65 km3 (0.16 cu mi) of lava and scoria with a DRE of 0.59 km3 (0.14 cu mi).[5]: 68 Immediately north of Helgafell is the active volcano Eldfell, which had a no warning disruptive monogenetic fissure eruption commencing January 23, 1973.[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Mattsson, H.B.; Höskuldsson, Á. (2005). "Eruption reconstruction, formation of flow-lobe tumuli and eruption duration in the 5900 BP Helgafell lava field (Heimaey), south Iceland". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 147 (1–2): 157–172. Bibcode:2005JVGR..147..157M. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.04.001.
- ^ a b c "Vestmannaeyjar". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
- ^ "Helgafell". Heimaslóð. 2012-08-09. Retrieved 2023-07-06.
- ^ a b "visitvestmannislands.is". Archived from the original on 2017-09-12. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
- ^ a b Mattsson, H.B.; Höskuldsson, Á. (2003). "Geology of the Heimaey volcanic centre, south Iceland: early evolution of a central volcano in a propagating rift?". Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 127 (1–2): 55–71. Bibcode:2003JVGR..127...55M. doi:10.1016/S0377-0273(03)00178-1.
- ^ Thorarinsson, S.; Steinthorsson, S.; Einarsson, T.; Kristmannsdottir, H.; Oskarsson, N. (1973-02-09). "The eruption on Heimaey, Iceland". Nature. 241 (5389): 372–375. Bibcode:1973Natur.241..372T. doi:10.1038/241372a0. S2CID 4163208.
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