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DescriptionOpo1742a.jpg	English: Light from a supernova explosion in the nearby starburst galaxy Messier 82 is reverberating off a huge dust cloud in interstellar space. The supernova, called SN 2014J, occurred at the upper right of Messier 82, and is marked by an “X.” The supernova was discovered on 21 January 2014. The inset images at the top reveal an expanding shell of light from the stellar explosion sweeping through interstellar space, called a “light echo.” The images were taken 10 months to nearly two years after the violent event (6 November 2014 to 12 October 2016). The light is bouncing off a giant dust cloud that extends 300 to 1600 light-years from the supernova and is being reflected toward Earth. SN 2014J is classified as a Type Ia supernova and is the closest such blast in at least four decades. A Type Ia supernova occurs in a binary star system consisting of a burned-out white dwarf and a companion star. The white dwarf explodes after the companion dumps too much material onto it. The image of Messier 82 reveals a bright blue disc, webs of shredded clouds, and fiery-looking plumes of glowing hydrogen blasting out of its central regions. Close encounters with its larger neighbor, the spiral galaxy Messier 81, is compressing gas in Messier 82 and stoking the birth of multiple star clusters. Some of these stars live for only a short time and die in cataclysmic supernova blasts, as shown by SN 2014J. Located about 11 million light-years away, Messier 82 appears high in the constellation Ursa Major, the Great Bear. It is also called the “Cigar Galaxy” because of the elliptical shape produced by the oblique tilt of its starry disk relative to our line of sight. The Messier 82 image was taken in 2006 using the Advanced Camera for Surveys. The inset images of the light echo also were taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys.
Date	14 November 2017, 10:52:24
Source	https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/opo1742a/
Author	NASA, ESA, and Y. Yang (Texas A&M University and Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel) Acknowledgment: M. Mountain (AURA) and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	15:16, 15 November 2017		4,000 × 2,667 (3.84 MB)	Jmencisom	User created page with UploadWizard

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SN 2014J

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Credit/Provider	NASA, ESA, and Y. Yang (Texas A&M University and Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel) Acknowledgment: M. Mountain (AURA) and The Hubble Heritage Team (STScI/AURA)
Source	ESA/Hubble
Short title	Light Echo around SN 2014J in M82
Image title	Light from a supernova explosion in the nearby starburst galaxy Messier 82 is reverberating off a huge dust cloud in interstellar space. The supernova, called SN 2014J, occurred at the upper right of Messier 82, and is marked by an “X.” The supernova was discovered on 21 January 2014. The inset images at the top reveal an expanding shell of light from the stellar explosion sweeping through interstellar space, called a “light echo.” The images were taken 10 months to nearly two years after the violent event (6 November 2014 to 12 October 2016). The light is bouncing off a giant dust cloud that extends 300 to 1600 light-years from the supernova and is being reflected toward Earth. SN 2014J is classified as a Type Ia supernova and is the closest such blast in at least four decades. A Type Ia supernova occurs in a binary star system consisting of a burned-out white dwarf and a companion star. The white dwarf explodes after the companion dumps too much material onto it. The image of Messier 82 reveals a bright blue disc, webs of shredded clouds, and fiery-looking plumes of glowing hydrogen blasting out of its central regions. Close encounters with its larger neighbor, the spiral galaxy Messier 81, is compressing gas in Messier 82 and stoking the birth of multiple star clusters. Some of these stars live for only a short time and die in cataclysmic supernova blasts, as shown by SN 2014J. Located about 11 million light-years away, Messier 82 appears high in the constellation Ursa Major, the Great Bear. It is also called the “Cigar Galaxy” because of the elliptical shape produced by the oblique tilt of its starry disk relative to our line of sight. The Messier 82 image was taken in 2006 using the Advanced Camera for Surveys. The inset images of the light echo also were taken by the Advanced Camera for Surveys. Links: NASA press release Video: zooming in on a light echo Video: zooming in on a light echo (annotated)
Usage terms	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Date and time of data generation	10:52, 14 November 2017
JPEG file comment	Voices reverberating off mountains and the sound of footsteps bouncing off walls are examples of an echo. Echoes happen when sound waves ricochet off surfaces and return to the listener.Space has its own version of an echo. It's not made with sound but with light, and occurs when light bounces off dust clouds.The Hubble Space Telescope has just captured one of these cosmic echoes, called a "light echo," in the nearby starburst galaxy M82, located 11.4 million light-years away. A movie assembled from more than two years' worth of Hubble images reveals an expanding shell of light from a supernova explosion sweeping through interstellar space three years after the stellar blast was discovered. The "echoing" light looks like a ripple expanding on a pond. The supernova, called SN 2014J, was discovered on Jan. 21, 2014.A light echo occurs because light from the stellar blast travels different distances to arrive at Earth. Some light comes to Earth directly from the supernova blast. Other light is delayed because it travels indirectly. In this case, the light is bouncing off a huge dust cloud that extends 300 to 1,600 light-years around the supernova and is being reflected toward Earth.So far, astronomers have spotted only 15 light echoes around supernovae outside our Milky Way galaxy. Light echo detections from supernovae are rarely seen because they must be nearby for a telescope to resolve them.
Keywords	SN 2014J
Contact information	http://www.spacetelescope.org Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2 Garching bei München, , D-85748 Germany
IIM version	4

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