English: a: Palaeogeographic map of the Early Toarcian in northern Europe, showing the study site (H Hondelage) and localities mentioned in the text (R Rietheim and L Luxemburg) (BM Bohemian Massif, RM Rhenish Massif, LBM London Brabant Massif, VH Vindelician High, PB Paris Basin, SGB South-German Basin, NGB North-German Basin). The palaeogeographic map is modified from Ziegler (1990), Barth et al. (2018), and Ruebsam et al. (2020c, 2024). b: Detailed palaeogeographic reconstruction of the study area, the south-eastern North-German Basin. Localities mentioned in the text are: S: Schandelah, W: Wickensen, M: Mainzholzen, and Hb: Hainberg. Regional palaeogeographic elements, such as the Oberaller Trough (OAT), the Calvörde Island (C), the Altmark Swell (AS), and the Fallstein Swell (FS) are indicated. Sediment supply (arrows) was sourced from small islands in the north and from the Bohemian Mas-sif (BM) in the southeast (Zimmermann etal. 2018; Barth etal. 2018; Ruebsam et al. 2024; Ott 1967). c: Lithostratigraphic column with ammonite biostratigraphy (Mutterlose etal. 2022) and simplified sea-level trend (Hallam 1997; Morard etal. 2003; Wignall 2005; Rueb-sam and Al-Husseini 2021). A. Z.: Ammonite Zone; A. s.z.: Ammo-nite subzone; Interval I: Pliensbachian; Interval II: basal Posidonia Shale Formation; Interval III: T-CIE; Interval IV: post-CIE; Interval V: Lower Elegans Bed; Interval VI: upper Posidonia Shale Forma-tion. S: siemensi concretion layer; C: capillatum concretion layer; E: elegantulum concretion layer B: borealis concretion layer