DescriptionBasalt columns on Staffa - geograph.org.uk - 906889.jpg
English: Basalt columns on Staffa This shows the 3 layers of volcanic rock on Staffa, formed from lava from 3 volcanic eruptions. Each layer has cooled and formed rock with different characteristics, the middle layer of basalt columns being the most spectacular. The figure standing at the top of the cliff gives an idea of scale. Correction: This photo does not show lava from 3 volcanic eruptions. The bottom section consists of tilted volcaniclastic rocks. The middle (columnar) and top sections are both parts of a single lava flow formed by a single volcanic eruption. The columnar section is the "colonnade" part of the lava flow, showing regular polygonal columns; the top section is the "entablature" part of the flow, showing very irregular closely-spaced joints. (source: Brian Upton (2015) "Volcanoes and the Making of Scotland" (2nd edition), Edinburgh, Dunedin Academic Press, ISBN:9781780465418)
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