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Elle Macpherson
Macpherson in Sydney in 2011
Born
Eleanor Nancy Gow

(1964-03-29) 29 March 1964 (age 60)[4][5]
Killara, New South Wales, Australia
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1986; div. 1989)​

Jeffrey Soffer
​
​
(m. 2013; sep. 2017)​
Partner(s)Arpad Busson (1996–2005)
Andrew Wakefield (2017–2019)
Children2
RelativesMimi Macpherson (sister)
Modelling information
Height182 cm (5 ft 11+1⁄2 in)
Hair colourLight brown[1]
Eye colourBrown[1]
Agency
  • d'management group (Milan)[2]
  • Kruger Cowne (London, Los Angeles, Nice, Hong Kong)[3]

Eleanor Nancy Macpherson (/məkˈfɜːrsən/ mək-FUR-sən; née Gow; born (1964-03-29)29 March 1964) is an Australian model, businesswoman, television host, and actress.

She is known for her record five cover appearances for the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue beginning in the 1980s, leading to her nickname "The Body", coined by Time in 1989. She is the founder, primary model, and creative director for a series of business ventures, including Elle Macpherson Intimates, a lingerie line, and The Body, a line of skin care products. She was the host and executive producer of Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model from 2010 to 2013. She is an executive producer of NBC's Fashion Star and was the host for the first season.

As an actress, Macpherson appeared in supporting roles in Sirens (1994), The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996) and as Julie Madison in Batman and Robin (1997) as well as lead roles in The Edge (1997) and South Kensington (2001). She had a recurring role on Friends and hosted an episode of Saturday Night Live.

Early life

Macpherson was born Eleanor Nancy Gow in Killara, New South Wales, on 29 March 1964, the daughter of entrepreneur and sound engineer Peter Gow, a former president of the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, a Sydney rugby league team, and Frances Gow, a nurse.[6] She is of Scottish descent.[citation needed] Macpherson's parents divorced when she was 10 years old, and she moved with her mother and two siblings. Her mother later remarried, and a clerical mistake in registering at her new school meant that her surname was changed from Gow to Macpherson, her stepfather's surname.[7][8]

Macpherson grew up in East Lindfield, a suburb in Sydney's North Shore, and attended Killara High School, completing her Higher School Certificate in 1981. She briefly studied law for one year at the University of Sydney. Her sister is businesswoman and environmentalist Mimi Macpherson, born Miriam Frances Gow.[9]

Career

Rise to fame as model

Macpherson enrolled to study law at the University of Sydney. Before beginning her university studies, she visited the United States to spend one year doing modelling work to earn money to pay for her law books.[10] She travelled to New York City, where she initially signed up with Click Model Management. Her modelling career began in 1982 with a television commercial for Tab which established her as a "girl next door" figure in Australia.[11]

During the 1980s, Macpherson's profile quickly rose, and she appeared on the cover and in the pages of major magazines including Elle, Harper's Bazaar, Marie Claire, Vogue, Cosmopolitan, Tatler, GQ, Allure, Mademoiselle, Glamour, Time, L'Officiel, Flare, Maxim and New York.[12] She cemented her high-profile image through frequent appearances in Elle; she was featured on numerous covers and appeared in every issue for six straight years. During that time, at the age of 21, she married Gilles Bensimon, the creative director of Elle.[13] In 1985, Macpherson became the longtime face of luxury French skin care company Biotherm.[14]

Eventually she garnered more exposure through Sports Illustrated magazine's annual Swimsuit Issue. She appeared on the cover a record five times: 1986, 1987, 1988, 1994, and 2006.

She has walked the runways for Louis Vuitton, Ralph Lauren, Azzedine Alaïa, Donna Karan, Christian Dior, Thierry Mugler, Nicole Miller, Michael Kors, Perry Ellis, Kenzo, Todd Oldham, Calvin Klein, John Galliano, and Valentino.[15][16][17]

She has appeared in advertising campaigns for Christian Dior, Escada, Enrico Coveri, Azzedine Alaïa, Guy Laroche, Ralph Lauren, Victorio & Lucchino, Omega, Pinko, H&M, Victoria's Secret, ModelCo and Revlon. She also appeared in non-fashion advertising campaigns for Diet Coke, Chrysler, Miller Lite, Impulse, Budweiser, Tab, KFC, Garuda Airlines, and the Mandarin Oriental Hotel Group.

After appearing nude in the 1994 film Sirens, Macpherson learned that the media had begun searching for nude photos of her, including contacting her ex-boyfriends. To address this, Macpherson appeared in a nude pictorial in the May 1994 issue of Playboy magazine, shot by Herb Ritts, to produce nude photos "on her own terms".[18] In 1999, the twin island nation of Antigua and Barbuda honoured Macpherson by using her face on a series of postage stamps, the first model to appear on legal tender.[19] Macpherson appeared among other Australian icons during the 2000 Summer Olympics closing ceremony, her elaborate float resembling a camera lens and featuring a runway.[20] Along with Naomi Campbell, she co-hosted the Miss Universe 2001 pageant. Her popularity had reached such a level that Australian government offered her a position on its tourist commission as an unofficial ambassador.[21]

During her career, Macpherson has worked with fashion photographers including Francesco Scavullo, Mario Testino,[22] Mert and Marcus, Ellen von Unwerth[23] and Steven Meisel. Portraits of Macpherson, shot by Bob Carlos Clarke, were among those donated to the National Portrait Gallery, London by his family following his death.[24] Macpherson received the Style Icon award at the 2006 Elle Style Awards presented by fashion magazine Elle.[25] In March 2008, she signed a three-year deal with Revlon Cosmetics, which named her a Global Brand Ambassador.[26] She has since been featured in print and advertising campaigns for the company. She returned to the runway in 2010 to close the fall Louis Vuitton show for Marc Jacobs in Paris.[27]

Business career

Macpherson in September 2008 at Fashion Fest

In the 1980s, together with Linda Evangelista, Christy Turlington, Tatjana Patitz, Naomi Campbell, Pavlína Pořízková, and Cindy Crawford, Macpherson became part of the new generation of supermodels. In 1989, she was given the nickname Elle "The Body" Macpherson by Time magazine after she appeared on their cover. She went on to use the name in a number of business ventures.[28] In 1996, Frank DeCaro of The New York Times cited Macpherson, along with Linda Evangelista, Christy Turlington, Cindy Crawford, Naomi Campbell, Helena Christensen and Claudia Schiffer as "The Magnificent Seven". DeCaro reflected, "Known by their first names to legions of fans, they are the legends of the modern catwalk, the girl next door pretty underneath all the paint".[29]

In 1994, she left her agency, Ford Models, to form her own company, Elle Macpherson Inc., which would serve as the financial organizational base for her later endeavours. She soon went on to produce her own series of calendars, each of which was accompanied by a "making of" television program in 1992, 1993, and 1994. She used this as a springboard to create the "Your Personal Best – The Body" series of workout videos.[citation needed]

She later diversified her portfolio of businesses, and in 1990 launched her lingerie collection 'Elle Macpherson Intimates' in partnership with Bendon Limited Apparel. Intimates became the single best-selling lingerie line in both Great Britain[30] and Australia.[31]

The partnership was among the first instances of a crossover between a model and a fashion label. In 1989, when she was first approached by Bendon to promote their lingerie in Australia, Macpherson saw an opportunity to reverse their strategy and suggested a licensing arrangement, with products bearing her name and designs created in partnership with Bendon's team. Though commonplace now, the idea was unorthodox at the time.[32]

Macpherson took a significant role in the development and management of the company, serving as chief marketing officer and later Creative Director. In January 2010, Macpherson expanded the line, launching Obsidian as a sub-brand.[33] While nursing her second child, she spearheaded the development of a signature maternity bra line.[34] Intimates has retained a high brand recognition into the 2000s, appearing as a featured brand on America's Next Top Model; last year, the brand celebrated 10 years of being stocked at Selfridges. [citation needed]

Macpherson has also created her own line of beauty products: "Elle Macpherson – The Body". The line was carried at Boots,[35] and Australian suncare brand Invisible Zinc.[36] She spent a year on the board of directors at Hot Tuna Clothing, advising on product development, brand positioning and sales strategy.[37]

In 2007, the BBC TV series The Money Programme aired a documentary which followed Macpherson through her day-to-day business as she continued to develop her international lingerie business. In 2009 Macpherson delivered the Keynote Address at the annual meeting of the International Trademark Association.[38]

In 2014, Macpherson co-founded WelleCo, and released its flagship product, an alkalising wellness supplement, The Super Elixir. The product, sold at retailers including Selfridges in London and the premium online retailer, Net-A-Porter has celebrity fans including Kate Moss.[39]

Awards

Macpherson has received a number of awards recognising her business acumen and the success of Elle Macpherson Intimates. In 2005, she was named Glamour Magazine's Entrepreneur of the Year;[40] in 2007, she received an Everywoman Ambassador Award recognising her success as a businesswoman;[41] in 2008, the Underfashion Club's Femmy Awards crowned her Lingerie Designer of the Year and in 2009, she received a World Career Award from the Women's World Awards.

Acting career

Macpherson (centre) modelling for Virgin Australia in October 2011

Macpherson made her film debut playing an artist's model in the 1994 film Sirens, which starred Hugh Grant, Sam Neill, and Tara FitzGerald. She followed with a two-year sequence of film roles, appearing in films such as Woody Allen's Alice, Batman & Robin alongside George Clooney, The Edge with Anthony Hopkins, and The Mirror Has Two Faces with Barbra Streisand. In 1996 Macpherson hosted an episode of Saturday Night Live.[42]

In 1999, Macpherson appeared in five episodes of the American TV series Friends as Joey Tribbiani's roommate and eventual girlfriend, Janine Lecroix. Macpherson went on to act in the movie Jane Eyre with William Hurt, and she has also appeared alongside Ben Stiller and Sarah Jessica Parker in If Lucy Fell. Her most controversial acting role was in the Showtime cable network miniseries, A Girl Thing, as a woman experimenting with bisexuality. In 2001, she appeared in the Italian movie South Kensington. She played agent Claudia Foster in The Beautiful Life, appearing with Mischa Barton, Sara Paxton and Corbin Bleu. The show centred on aspiring models working for a modelling agency, trying to make it big in New York City and in the fashion world.[43] In April 2011, she starred with Gary Lineker in an advertisement for Walkers Crinkles.[44]

Hosting career

Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model

In July 2010, Macpherson became the new host of Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model, taking over from Lisa Snowdon. She also serves as executive producer on the show. The revamped show's panellists now include OBE-winning fashion designer Julien Macdonald, designer Whitney Port and male model Tyson Beckford.[45]

Fashion Star

Macpherson hosts and executive produces NBC's reality competition series Fashion Star. The series gives 14 unknown designers, mentored by celebrities such as Jessica Simpson, Nicole Richie, and John Varvatos, the chance to launch their collections in three of America's largest clothing retailers, including Macy's, H&M, and Saks Fifth Avenue. Its first season was sold to 75 countries.[46]

Extortion attempt

According to a police statement reproduced online, between 11 and 22 July 1997 William Ryan Holt and Michael Mischler broke into Macpherson's Los Angeles home while she was away on business in Chicago.[47] They stole an estimated $100,000 worth of jewellery, $6,000 in cash, and several photographs. The two were arrested on 4 August 1997. Mischler, 29, pleaded guilty to one count of attempted extortion and one count of burglary. He received a six-year and eight-month prison sentence. Holt, 26, a former US Air Force enlisted man and a military-justice convict out on parole, pleaded guilty to one count of extortion, and was sentenced to a year in prison.[48]

Personal life

Macpherson dated Billy Joel during the early 1980s. Joel has said that the songs "This Night" and "And So It Goes" were written about his relationship with Macpherson.[49] Macpherson is also believed to be at least part of the inspiration for Joel's track "Uptown Girl".[50]

Macpherson met French fashion photographer Gilles Bensimon in 1984 on a photo session for Elle magazine. They wed in May 1986, and divorced three years later.[51][52]

Macpherson began a relationship with financier Arpad Busson in 1996.[53] They have two sons.[54][55] The family lived together in London until their separation in July 2005.[53]

Macpherson subsequently began dating Miami, Florida-based hotel heir and billionaire Jeffrey Soffer, son of Donald Soffer, in early 2009.[56] They broke up in March 2012,[57] but reconciled following his injury in a helicopter accident in November 2012.[57] They became engaged in March 2013,[57] and married in July 2013 at the Laucala Resort in Fiji.[58][59]

In 2017, Macpherson and Soffer announced that they were getting a divorce.[60] That same year, Macpherson underwent treatment for breast cancer, specifically HER2 positive estrogen receptor positive ductal carcinoma in situ. Her doctors recommended a mastectomy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and breast reconstruction surgery, but she decided to have a lumpectomy instead of mastectomy, followed by holistic medicine instead of chemotherapy.[61][62]

From 2017 to 2019, Macpherson dated the British anti-vaccine activist and discredited academic Andrew Wakefield.[63][64][65][66]

Besides English, Macpherson speaks French, Italian and Spanish.[34][failed verification]

Philanthropy

Macpherson is a European Ambassador for Product Red, an initiative set up by Bono and Bobby Shriver to raise money and awareness for the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria[67] and to help eradicate AIDS for women and children in Africa. She is also an ambassador for UNICEF.[68]

In Australia, she is an ambassador for the Smile Foundation, which helps the families of children with rare diseases and organises government research grants.[7][8] She has also modelled for charitable causes including fundraising for 2007 British flood victims,[69] and child welfare group Absolute Return for Kids.[70]

In 2012, Macpherson led Sky's campaign for International Women's Day.[71]

Macpherson is a patron for the National Association for the Children of Alcoholics (Nacoa UK).[72]

Filmography

Film

Year Title Role Notes
1990 Alice Model
1994 Sirens Sheela
1996 If Lucy Fell Jane Lindquist
Jane Eyre Blanche Ingram
The Mirror Has Two Faces Candice
1997 Batman & Robin Julie Madison
The Edge Mickey Morse
1998 With Friends Like These... Samantha Mastandrea
2001 A Girl Thing Lauren Travis TV film
South Kensington Camilla

Television

Year Title Role Notes
1996 Saturday Night Live Herself "Elle Macpherson/Sting" (season 21: episode 14)
"John Goodman/Everclear" (season 21: episode 15)
1999–2000 Friends Janine LaCroix "The One Where Phoebe Runs" (season 6: episode 7)
"The One with Ross' Teeth" (season 6: episode 8)
"The One Where Ross Got High" (season 6: episode 9)
"The One with the Routine" (season 6: episode 10)
"The One with the Apothecary Table" (season 6: episode 11)
2008 America's Next Top Model Herself "Top Model Makeovers" (cycle 10: episode 3)
2009 The Beautiful Life: TBL Claudia Foster Main role; series cancelled after 2 episodes
2010–2013 Britain's Next Top Model Herself Host; reality TV series
2012–2013 Fashion Star Herself Host; reality TV series
2016 Australia's Next Top Model Herself Guest Mentor

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Elle MacPherson". www.dmanagementgroup.com.
  3. ^ "Elle Macpherson Agent & Speaker". Kruger Cowne Ltd.
  4. ^ Low, Jenny Ann (30 March 2014). "Supermodel Elle Macpherson still stunning at 50". Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 9 June 2014. Retrieved 6 July 2014.
  5. ^ "BIOGRAPHY: Elle Macpherson Lifetime". Thebiographychannel.co.uk. 29 March 1964. Archived from the original on 19 December 2013. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
  6. ^ timeout magazine "Colourful Sydney Identity #50", 19 November 2008 edition
  7. ^ a b Davidson, Andrew (23 March 2008). "Elle Macpherson looks good with Intimates". The Sunday Times. London, UK. Archived from the original on 12 June 2011.
  8. ^ a b Above Magazine (Fall 2008). "Body Talk with Elle Macpherson", pp. 16–31
  9. ^ "Mimi Macpherson declared bankrupt". Sydney Morning Herald. 18 December 2008.
  10. ^ Sowray, Bibby (2 July 2010). "Elle's Law". Vogue. Archived from the original on 7 July 2010. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
  11. ^ "Elle Macpherson Tab Commercial". Lifelounge. 11 June 2007. Archived from the original on 16 October 2009. Retrieved 28 December 2011.
  12. ^ "Elle Macpherson profile". FashionModelDirectory.com. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  13. ^ Evening Standard, 23 April 2004, pp. 30–33: "Before starting college, Elle went on a skiing trip to Aspen, Colorado. On the way home, she was persuaded by her Australian modelling booker to stop off in New York City to see if she could get some work. She stayed for 20 years, marrying the photographer Gilles Bensimon at 21. She was his muse, but the age difference ... proved to be too great, and they divorced six years later (1989)."
  14. ^ "About Biotherm – 1985". Biotherm. Archived from the original on 17 June 2015. Retrieved 1 June 2015..
  15. ^ Brown, Bobbi (13 October 2014). ""The Body" at 50: How Elle MacPherson's Redefining Aging". Yahoo Beauty. Retrieved 18 May 2015..
  16. ^ "Elle Macpherson: still the greatest". The Age. Retrieved 18 May 2015..
  17. ^ Blanch, Jess. "Elle MacPherson". RUSSH. Retrieved 18 May 2015..
  18. ^ Nissim, Mayer (24 November 2011). "Elle Macpherson posed nude on own terms". Digital Spy.
  19. ^ "Where Are They Now? Elle Macpherson". 14 September 2022.
  20. ^ "Documentation (design drawings, design concepts, and photographs), paper, Elle Macpherson float, Parade of Icons, Closing Ceremony for the Olympic Games". Powerhouse Museum. Retrieved 4 May 2015.
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  28. ^ Kugel, Allison (20 December 2011). "Elle Macpherson: Unabashed Passion, Ageless Beauty & Creating the Next Fashion Star". PR.com. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
  29. ^ DeCaro, Frank (21 April 1996). "Supermodels Hot As Ever Or On Ice?; No Stars Means No Sizzle". The New York Times. Retrieved 27 May 2015.
  30. ^ The Sunday Times Business, 23 March 2008, p. 17: "Macpherson, supermodel-turned-lingerie queen, has made that her leitmotif. Elle Macpherson Intimates range is the biggest selling brand of fashion lingerie in Britain."
  31. ^ Tatler, July 2002, vol. 297, num. 7, pp. 98–107: "We're going through Elle's underwear. This is what she does. She designs knickers and bras. She's very good at it, very successful. It makes her more money than modelling, and Elle has made a lot of money modeling."
  32. ^ Rebecca Gonsalves (12 December 2011). "A head for business and a body for lingerie". The Independent. UK. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  33. ^ "Elle Macpherson Intimates Launching Luxury Line 'Obsidian' for Spring 2010 – StyleList". Main.stylelist.com. 31 August 2009. Archived from the original on 24 August 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  34. ^ a b The Wall Street Journal Europe, Style Journal, Winter 2006 Edition, pp. 36–42: "And so, Macpherson made the transition from model, to designer and chief marketing officer for the growing product line. The company credits her with the ideas for many products, including its successful maternity-bra line, which Macpherson designed while nursing her second child."
  35. ^ "Supermodel Elle Macpherson The Body Relaunches at Boots. Bath and Body Care Products. Photo". Uk.fashion.popsugar.com. Archived from the original on 17 February 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
  36. ^ Danks, Katherine (4 January 2008). "Elle Macpherson is new face of WA sunscreen". The Sunday Times.
  37. ^ Staff (11 July 2006). "Elle Macpherson Hired as Hot Tuna Director". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  38. ^ Staff (2 April 2012). "Elle Macpherson on the State of the Internet and Future of the Economy". Techflash.com. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  39. ^ "About WelleCo – Our Story". welleco.com.
  40. ^ Glamour. "All the winners from the 2005 GLAMOUR Women of the Year Awards". Glamour UK. UK. Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  41. ^ "NatWest everywoman Awards Finalists". Everywoman.com. 2 April 2012. Archived from the original on 21 June 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  42. ^ "Saturday Night Live hosted by Elle Macpherson". Hulu.com. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
  43. ^ "The Beautiful Life". The CW Television Network. Archived from the original on 16 August 2009. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
  44. ^ "Elle Macpherson and Gary Lineker front Walkers Crinkles' campaign". Talking Retail. UK. 6 May 2011. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  45. ^ "Elle Macpherson takes over Britain's Next Top Model", BBC News, 1 February 2010
  46. ^ Leffler, Rebecca (4 February 2012). "MIPTV 2012: 'Fashion Star' Generates Global Buzz". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  47. ^ Staff (28 June 1997). "Go To Elle: Macpherson Helps Nab Dirty Duo". The Smoking Gun. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
  48. ^ Errico, Marcus (4 December 1997). "Elle's Extortionists Plead Guilty". E!. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  49. ^ "Billy Joel – a funny UK interview 1998-9" on YouTube. (UK) Channel Five. Rev Live. YouTube (uploaded 6 April 2008).
  50. ^ "Billy Joel's 'Uptown Girl' revealed as Elle Macpherson NOT Christie Brinkley!". Woman's Day. 29 October 2015.
  51. ^ Swift, E.M. (7 February 1989). "What's The Big Deal?". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 16 September 2013.
  52. ^ "TIPOFF: When fashion photographer Gilles Bensimon..." Lakeland Ledger: 2A. 5 June 1986.
  53. ^ a b Silverman, Stephen M. (24 June 2005). "Supermodel Elle Macpherson, Partner Split". People. Archived from the original on 20 March 2008. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  54. ^ "Elle Macpherson Gives Birth To Son in Manhattan". Chicago Tribune. 17 February 1998. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  55. ^ "Elle's new baby Aurelius". Associated Press via The Sun-Heraldd. 7 February 2003. Retrieved 17 July 2013.
  56. ^ Hallett, Kate (5 August 2013). "Elle Macpherson Marries Jeffrey Soffer". Who. Archived from the original on 8 August 2013. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  57. ^ a b c Johnson, Zach (10 March 2013). "Elle Macpherson Engaged to Billionaire Jeffrey Soffer!". Us Weekly. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  58. ^ Galla, Brittany (3 August 2013). "Elle Macpherson Married to Billionaire Jeffrey Soffer!". Us Weekly. Retrieved 3 August 2013.
  59. ^ Blumm, K.C.; Marx, Linda (5 August 2013). "Elle Macpherson Marries Jeffrey Soffer". People. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  60. ^ Katherine Richter (13 June 2017). "Elle Macpherson Splits From Billionaire Husband Jeffrey Soffer After Nearly 4 Years of Marriage". People. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  61. ^ Saad, Nardine (3 September 2024). "Elle Macpherson explains why a holistic approach to breast cancer treatment worked for her". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 26 September 2024. Retrieved 27 December 2024.
  62. ^ Saunders, Emma (3 September 2024). "Elle McPherson reveals she had breast cancer". BBC News. Retrieved 3 September 2024.
  63. ^ Caulfield, Timothy (31 July 2018). "Elle Macpherson, "anti-vaxx" nonsense, and the opportunity to engage". The BMJ. 362: k3255. doi:10.1136/bmj.k3255. ISSN 0959-8138. PMID 30065021. S2CID 51891763.
  64. ^ Pavia, Will (18 July 2018). "Model Elle Macpherson is dating shamed anti-MMR doctor Andrew Wakefield". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  65. ^ Boseley, Sarah (18 July 2018). "How disgraced anti-vaxxer Andrew Wakefield was embraced by Trump's America". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  66. ^ Duff, Seamus (9 December 2021). "Elle Macpherson confirms split from ex-doctor anti-vaxxer Andrew Wakefield". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 3 March 2022.
  67. ^ "Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria website". The Global Fund. Archived from the original on 2 September 2010. Retrieved 23 September 2010.
  68. ^ GQ Australia, Winter 2006, pp. 90–99: "I am working on projects like my ex's education program [ARK, a charity that funds schools for needy children world-wide], with Bono and the American Express RED project—which is all about poverty and AIDS support—and UNICEF's breast-feeding program."
  69. ^ "Models of charity". Brisbane Times. 12 September 2007. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
  70. ^ "Elle's body shop". Sydney Morning Herald. 22 May 2003. Retrieved 20 January 2011.
  71. ^ "Sky celebrates International Women's Day". Sky. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
  72. ^ "About the National Association for Children of Alcoholics". Nacoa.org.uk. Archived from the original on 10 September 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2012.
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