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Eurovision Song Contest 1961

Coordinates: 43°33′12″N 7°01′20″E / 43.55333°N 7.02222°E / 43.55333; 7.02222
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Eurovision Song Contest 1961
Dates
Final18 March 1961
Host
VenuePalais des Festivals et des Congrès
Cannes, France
Presenter(s)Jacqueline Joubert
Executive producerMarcel Cravenne
DirectorMaurice Barry
Musical directorFranck Pourcel
Host broadcasterRadiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF)
Websiteeurovision.tv/event/cannes-1961 Edit this at Wikidata
Participants
Number of entries16
Debuting countries
Non-returning countriesNone
  • A coloured map of the countries of EuropeBelgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961France in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Switzerland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Austria in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Monaco in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Norway in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1961
         Participating countries
Vote
Voting systemTen-member juries distributed 10 points among their favourite songs.
Winning song Luxembourg
"Nous les amoureux"
1960 ← Eurovision Song Contest → 1962

The Eurovision Song Contest 1961 was the 6th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. Once again, the contest was held in the French seaside city of Cannes, which had also hosted the 1959 edition. Organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF), the contest was again held at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès on Saturday 18 March 1961, becoming the first contest to take place on a Saturday evening, a tradition that has continued ever since (with the exception of 1962). The show was directed by Marcel Cravenne [fr] and again hosted by Jacqueline Joubert, who had also hosted in 1959.

Sixteen countries participated in the contest - three more than in the previous edition; Finland, Spain and Yugoslavia all competed for the first time this year.

The winner was Luxembourg with the song "Nous les amoureux", performed by Jean-Claude Pascal, written by Maurice Vidalin, and composed by Jacques Datin, with the United Kingdom finishing in second place for the third consecutive year.

Location

[edit]
Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, Cannes – host venue of the 1961 contest

The event took place in Cannes, France, following the nation's victory at the 1960 edition in London, the United Kingdom, with the song "Tom Pillibi", performed by Jacqueline Boyer. The selected venue was the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, built in 1949 to host the Cannes Film Festival and located on the Promenade de la Croisette along the shore of the Mediterranean Sea.[1][2] Due to the growth in the film festival a new building bearing the same name was opened in 1982, with the original building renamed as the Palais Croisette.[3]

This was the second time that the contest was staged in France, with the same venue having already hosted the 1959 contest.[1][4][5] It also marked the first time that a country had staged two individual contests.

Other events held during the week of the contest included a supper for the participating delegations, which was held after the contest in the Salon des Ambassadeurs in the city's Casino municipal [fr].[6]

Participating countries

[edit]
Further information: List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest
Eurovision Song Contest 1961 – Participation summaries by country
Nora Brockstedt represented Norway in the contest for a second consecutive year.

The 1961 contest saw the first entries from Finland, Spain and Yugoslavia. Joining the thirteen countries which had competed in the previous year's event, this led to the contest growing to a record number of sixteen participants.[1][5]

Belgium's Bob Benny and Norway's Nora Brockstedt both made an second appearance in the contest for their respective countries. Benny had placed sixth in the 1959 contest with the song "Hou toch van mij", while Brockstedt had placed fourth with "Voi-voi" in the previous year's event.[7] Also among the participating artists was Germany's Lale Andersen, who had gained significant international fame and popularity during World War II, both in Allied and Axis countries, for her interpretation of "Lili Marleen".[7][8][9] At 56 years old, Andersen was the oldest performer to have competed in the contest, and held this record until 2008, when 75-year-old Ladislav Demeterffy (also known as 75 Cents) competed for Croatia with the group Kraljevi ulice.[10][11][12]

Eurovision Song Contest 1961 participants[7][13]
Country Broadcaster Artist Song Language(s) Songwriter(s) Conductor
 Austria ORF Jimmy Makulis "Sehnsucht" German Leopold Andrejewitsch Franck Pourcel
 Belgium BRT Bob Benny "September, gouden roos" Dutch
  • Wim Brabants
  • Hans Flower
 Francis Bay
 Denmark DR Dario Campeotto "Angelique" Danish Aksel V. Rasmussen Kai Mortensen
 Finland YLE Laila Kinnunen "Valoa ikkunassa" Finnish
  • Eino Hurme
  • Sauvo Puhtila
 George de Godzinsky
 France RTF Jean-Paul Mauric "Printemps (avril carillonne)" French
  • Francis Baxter
  • Guy Favereau
 Franck Pourcel
 Germany HR[a] Lale Andersen "Einmal sehen wir uns wieder" German, French
Franck Pourcel
 Italy RAI Betty Curtis "Al di là" Italian
Gianfranco Intra
 Luxembourg CLT Jean-Claude Pascal "Nous les amoureux" French
Léo Chauliac
 Monaco TMC Colette Deréal "Allons, allons les enfants" French
Raymond Lefèvre
 Netherlands NTS Greetje Kauffeld "Wat een dag" Dutch
Dolf van der Linden
 Norway NRK Nora Brockstedt "Sommer i Palma" Norwegian
Øivind Bergh
 Spain TVE Conchita Bautista "Estando contigo" Spanish
Rafael Ferrer
 Sweden SR Lill-Babs "April, april" Swedish
  • Bo Eneby
  • Bobbie Ericsson
 William Lind
  Switzerland SRG SSR Franca di Rienzo "Nous aurons demain" French
Fernando Paggi
 United Kingdom BBC The Allisons "Are You Sure?" English
  • John Alford
  • Bob Day
 Harry Robinson
 Yugoslavia JRT Ljiljana Petrović "Neke davne zvezde" (Неке давне звезде) Serbo-Croatian
Jože Privšek

Production and format

[edit]

The contest was organised and broadcast by the French public broadcaster Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF).[5] Marcel Cravenne [fr] served as director, Maurice Barry [fr] served as cinematographer, Gérard Dubois served as designer, and Franck Pourcel served as musical director and led an assembled orchestra of forty musicians.[15][16][17] Each country was allowed to nominate their own musical director to lead the orchestra during the performance of their country's entry, with the host musical director also conducting for those countries which did not nominate their own conductor.[7] The event was presented by Jacqueline Joubert, who had also hosted the 1959 contest; Joubert remains as of 2024 one of only three individuals to have presented multiple Eurovision Song Contests, alongside the UK's Katie Boyle (1960, 1963, 1968 and 1974) and Sweden's Petra Mede (2013, 2016 and 2024).[18]

Each country, participating through a single EBU member broadcaster, was represented by one song performed by up to two people on stage. The results of the event were determined through jury voting, with each country's jury containing ten individuals who each gave one vote to their favourite song, with no abstentions allowed and with jurors unable to vote for their own country.[5][19][20] The jury comprised members of the public who represented the average television viewer.[21] Many of the other aspects of the show were however almost identical to the previous contest in Cannes, including the opening film, direction, production and the scoreboard used during the voting process.[4][22]

The stage design was notably larger than in previous years, featuring a central large staircase covered in flowers, trees and shrubs, with an painted outdoor scene in the background, giving an impression of a Mediterranean garden.[4][15][22] Dubois chose the trees to be featured within the stage design with André Racot, the head of the Cannes municipal gardens, making sure that the trees were not too dark when shown on black-and-white television.[15][23] The original design featured the green room within the stage, with the artists remaining on stage after they had performed, however this idea ultimately did not feature in the final design constructed for the event.[15][24]

The draw to determine the running order took place on 16 March 1961 at the Carlton Hotel in Cannes, conducted by Jacqueline Joubert and assisted by two children aged six and four.[25][26] The draw also featured interviews with some of the participating acts conducted by Robert Beauvais.[25] Rehearsals commenced in the contest venue on the same day.[26]

Contest overview

[edit]
Jean-Claude Pascal, the winning artist of the 1961 contest

The contest was held on 18 March 1961 at 20:00 (CET) and lasted 1 hour and 39 minutes.[5][7][27] It was the first time that the contest was staged on a Saturday night, which has since become the traditional day on which the grand final of the contest is staged.[5] The interval act was a dance performance by Tessa Beaumont and Max Bozzoni [fr] titled Rencontres à Cannes, with music by Raymond Lefèvre.[27][28][29]

The winner was Luxembourg represented by the song "Nous les amoureux", composed by Jacques Datin, written by Maurice Vidalin [fr] and performed by the French singer and actor Jean-Claude Pascal.[30] This was the first of an eventual five contest victories that Luxembourg would go on to achieve.[31] The United Kingdom's entry came second for the third consecutive contest, while the Swiss entry placed third.[5][20] The prize for the winning artist and songwriters, an engraved medallion, was presented by Tessa Beaumont.[27][28][32]

Although not widely interpreted as such at the time of the contest, it has since become known that the winning song speaks clandestinely of a homosexual relationship: the lyrics refer to a love that is frowned upon by society and forbidden by religion, however the singer hopes that one day their relationship will continue without controversy.[33][34] Songs of such subject matter would not have been allowed to be shared widely in 1961, with same-sex sexual activities illegal in almost half of the countries competing in Eurovision at the time, including in Austria, West Germany, the UK and Spain.[33] Therefore the true meaning, which was also later confirmed by Pascal, himself a gay man although not publicly out at the time, was required to be hidden behind subtext and double meanings.[33][34][35] Given the song was released before the emergence of the modern gay liberation movement, it has since been interpreted as an early protest song in favour of rights for sexual minorities.[34][35] The song has since been used more visibly to highlight LGBTQ rights, including in a promotional video by the French government to highlight homophobia, biphobia and transphobia.[36]

Results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1961[7][37]
R/O Country Artist Song Points Place
1  Spain Conchita Bautista "Estando contigo" 8 9
2  Monaco Colette Deréal "Allons, allons les enfants" 6 10
3  Austria Jimmy Makulis "Sehnsucht" 1 15
4  Finland Laila Kinnunen "Valoa ikkunassa" 6 10
5  Yugoslavia Ljiljana Petrović "Neke davne zvezde" 9 8
6  Netherlands Greetje Kauffeld "Wat een dag" 6 10
7  Sweden Lill-Babs "April, april" 2 14
8  Germany Lale Andersen "Einmal sehen wir uns wieder" 3 13
9  France Jean-Paul Mauric "Printemps (avril carillonne)" 13 4
10   Switzerland Franca di Rienzo "Nous aurons demain" 16 3
11  Belgium Bob Benny "September, gouden roos" 1 15
12  Norway Nora Brockstedt "Sommer i Palma" 10 7
13  Denmark Dario Campeotto "Angelique" 12 5
14  Luxembourg Jean-Claude Pascal "Nous les amoureux" 31 1
15  United Kingdom The Allisons "Are You Sure?" 24 2
16  Italy Betty Curtis "Al di là" 12 5

Spokespersons

[edit]

Each country nominated a spokesperson, connected to the contest venue via telephone lines and responsible for announcing, in English or French, the votes for their respective country.[38][39] Known spokespersons at the 1961 contest are listed below.

Detailed voting results

[edit]

The announcement of the results from each country was conducted in reverse order to that which each country performed.[20]

Detailed voting results of the Eurovision Song Contest 1961[42][43]
Total score
Italy
United Kingdom
Luxembourg
Denmark
Norway
Belgium
Switzerland
France
Germany
Sweden
Netherlands
Yugoslavia
Finland
Austria
Monaco
Spain
Contestants
 Spain 8 1 2 2 1 1 1
Monaco 6 1 1 3 1
Austria 1 1
Finland 6 2 2 1 1
Yugoslavia 9 1 1 1 2 1 3
Netherlands 6 2 1 1 2
Sweden 2 2
Germany 3 1 1 1
France 13 2 1 4 1 1 2 2
Switzerland 16 2 2 4 2 1 2 2 1
Belgium 1 1
Norway 10 1 5 1 2 1
Denmark 12 8 2 1 1
Luxembourg 31 3 1 1 1 5 1 1 5 3 4 4 2
United Kingdom 24 1 8 1 1 7 3 3
Italy 12 4 4 1 1 1 1

Broadcasts

[edit]

Broadcasters competing in the event were required to relay the contest via its networks; non-participating EBU member broadcasters were also able to relay the contest.[38] Broadcasters were able to send commentators to provide coverage of the contest in their own native language and to relay information about the artists and songs to their television viewers. These commentators were typically sent to the venue to report on the event, and were able to provide commentary from small booths constructed at the back of the venue.[44][45] Local press reported a total of 14 commentators reporting on the contest, with a total of 16 countries broadcasting the event.[6][15]

No official accounts of the viewing figures are known to exist. An estimate given in the French press ahead of the contest was 40 million viewers across Europe.[15] Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Broadcasters and commentators
Country Broadcaster Channel(s) Commentator(s) Ref.
 Austria ORF ORF [46]
 Belgium BRT BRT Nic Bal [nl] [47][48]
RTB RTB Robert Beauvais
 Denmark DR Danmarks Radio TV, Program 1 Sejr Volmer-Sørensen [49]
 Finland YLE Suomen Televisio, Yleisohjelma [fi] Aarno Walli [fi] [50][51]
 France RTF RTF, France I Robert Beauvais [21][32][52]
 Germany ARD Deutsches Fernsehen Wolf Mittler [53]
HR Frankfurt 1 [54]
 Italy RAI RAI Televisione, Secondo Programma Corrado Mantoni [55][56][57]
 Luxembourg CLT Télé-Luxembourg Robert Beauvais [48][58]
 Monaco Télé Monte-Carlo, Radio Monte Carlo Robert Beauvais [48][52]
 Netherlands NTS NTS Piet te Nuyl Jr. [59][60]
NRU Hilversum 1 Coen Serré
 Norway NRK NRK Fjernsynet, NRK Leif Rustad [61][62]
 Spain TVE TVE Federico Gallo [es] [63][64]
RNE RNE [63]
 Sweden SR Sveriges TV, SR P1 Jan Gabrielsson [sv] [65]
  Switzerland SRG SSR TV DRS, Radio Bern [66]
TSR Robert Beauvais [67]
TSI, Radio Monte Ceneri [68]
Radio Sottens [52]
 United Kingdom BBC BBC TV Tom Sloan [69]
 Yugoslavia JRT Televizija Beograd, 1. program Radio Beograda [70]
Televizija Ljubljana [sl] Saša Novak [71][72]
Televizija Zagreb [73]
2. program Radia Ljubljana [71]

Notes and references

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[14]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Roxburgh 2012, p. 254.
  2. ^ "The Palais Croisette : 33 years of service". Cannes. 4 October 2021. Archived from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  3. ^ "The 1983 festival inaugurates the Palais des Festivals". Cannes. 4 October 2021. Archived from the original on 1 March 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  4. ^ a b c O'Connor 2010, pp. 18–19.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Cannes 1961". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Archived from the original on 31 May 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2025.
  6. ^ a b "Grand Prix Eurovision de la chanson" [Eurovision Song Grand Prix]. L'Espoir de Nice et du Sud-Est. Nice, France. 18 March 1961. p. 4. ISSN 1166-9012.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Roxburgh 2012, pp. 254–259.
  8. ^ "Vor 50 Jahren starb "Lili Marleen"-Sängerin Lale Andersen" [50 years ago "Lili Marleen" singer Lale Andersen died] (in German). ARD. 29 August 2022. Archived from the original on 31 August 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
  9. ^ G.O. (11 November 2016). "'Lili Marlene': the song that united Allied and Axis troops". The Economist. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
  10. ^ O'Connor 2015, pp. 32–33, "Rock and Roll Kids: Eurovision's Oldest and Youngest".
  11. ^ "Eurovision history: Age is just a number". European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 16 April 2015. Archived from the original on 13 May 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
  12. ^ Gudim, Laura (20 November 2010). "Croatia: Laci from Kraljevi Ulice dies at 78". ESCToday. Archived from the original on 12 May 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
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  23. ^ Cannes 2007, pp. 54–55.
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  34. ^ a b c "' Nous les amoureux ' de Jean-Claude Pascal, une chanson qui annonce la révolution du mouvement gay..." ['Nous les amoureux' by Jean-Claude Pascal, a song which foretells the gay movement revolution...] (in French). Radio-télévision belge de la Communauté française (RTBF). 8 September 2022. Archived from the original on 8 September 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
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  69. ^ "Eurovision Song Contest Grand Prix 1961". Radio Times. London, United Kingdom. 18 March 1961. Retrieved 10 July 2022 – via BBC Genome Project.
  70. ^ "Радио Телевизија Београд" [Radio Television Belgrade]. Borba (in Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic script)). Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia. 18 March 1961. p. 11. Retrieved 25 May 2024 – via Belgrade University Library.
  71. ^ a b "RTV – Televizija" [RTV – Television]. Delo (in Slovenian). Ljubljana, SR Slovenia, Yugoslavia. 18 March 1961. p. 11. Retrieved 28 October 2024 – via Digital Library of Slovenia.
  72. ^ Mitrović, Nemanja (6 March 2022). "Evrovizijski put Jugoslavije - od socijalističkog autsajdera do festivalskog pobednika" [Yugoslavia's Eurovision journey - from a socialist outsider to a festival winner] (in Serbian (Latin script)). BBC News. Archived from the original on 14 May 2022.
  73. ^ "TV Program". Slobodna Dalmacija (in Serbo-Croatian). Split, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia. 18 March 1961. p. 8. Retrieved 22 July 2022.

Bibliography

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