Draft:10th Division (United States, 1918-1919)
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The 10th Division was a United States Army infantry division first formed in mid-1918 for service in World War I. Elements of the division were preparing to move overseas to Europe in fall 1918 when the Armistice of 11 November 1918 ended the war with the German Empire. The division was demobilized from January to March 1919.
The division does not share any lineal connection with the later interwar Panama Canal Division or the World War II-era 10th Mountain Division.
| 10th Division | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Shoulder sleeve insignia of the 10th Division | |
| Active | 1918-1919 |
| Country |  United States |
| Branch |  United States Army |
| Size | Division |
| Garrison/HQ | Camp Funston, Kansas |
| US Infantry Divisions | ||||
|
History
[edit]The 10th Division was part of a group of six divisions (9th-14th) that the War Department directed to be formed in mid-1918 from troops of the Regular Army augmented by draftees. It was anticipated that the divisions' training would take four months, to be completed by the end of November 1918.[1]
On 9 July 1918, the War Department directed the organization of the 10th Division at Camp Funston, Kansas, a division training camp on the grounds of Fort Riley, near Junction City. Organization was completed by 10 August, when Major General Leonard Wood assumed command, and training was begun. By the end of August, the 10th Division had a strength of 22,300 officers and men. Most of the enlisted men came from Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, and South Dakota, with smaller numbers from the United States at large. The division reached a peak strength of 24,829 at the end of November. At the end of October, the division's advance detachment moved to Camp Mills, New York for shipment overseas, sailing on 2 November and arriving at Brest, France, on 9 November. The signing of the armistice with Germany on 11 November suspended movement overseas. The 20th Infantry Regiment was detached from the division and assigned to the Central Department, moving to Fort Brady, Michigan, Forts Leavenworth and Riley, Kansas, and Fort Sheridan, Illinois, with detachments sent to Camp Lloyd Wheaton and Rock Island Arsenal, Illinois, and Nitro, West Virginia, and Denver, Colorado, for guard duty. The division's advance detachment arrived back in the United States via New York in early January 1919. On 18 January 1919, demobilization of emergency period personnel and all units except the 20th and 41st Infantry Regiments, was ordered. Units were disbanded beginning on 21 January. On 13 February, the headquarters of the 19th and 20th Infantry Brigades and 10th Field Artillery Brigade were demobilized at Camp Funston, followed by demobilization of the division headquarters on 18 February. Demobilization of the division was completed on 31 March, when the 210th Engineer Train was disbanded.[2]
Order of battle
[edit]Commanders
[edit]- Major General Leonard Wood, 10 August 1918-6 January 1919
- Brigadier General Howard Russell Hickok, 7-16 January 1919
- Major General Leonard Wood, 17 January-18 February 1919[3]
Order of battle
[edit]- Headquarters, 10th Division
- 19th Infantry Brigade
- 41st Infantry Regiment (organized June 1917 with cadre from the 36th Infantry at Fort Snelling, Minnesota)
- 69th Infantry Regiment (organized August 1918 with cadre from the 41st Infantry at Camp Funston)
- 29th Machine Gun Battalion (organized December 1917 at Fort Sam Houston, Texas, as 27th Machine Gun Battalion; designation changed July 1918)
- 20th Infantry Brigade
- 20th Infantry Regiment (organized 1861; stationed at Fort Douglas, Utah, as of April 1917)
- 70th Infantry Regiment (organized August 1918 with cadre from the 20th Infantry at Camp Funston)
- 30th Machine Gun Battalion (organized August 1918 at Camp Funston with cadre from the 29th Machine Gun Battalion)
- 10th Field Artillery Brigade (organized August 1918 at Camp Funston)
- 28th Field Artillery Regiment
- 29th Field Artillery Regiment
- 30th Field Artillery Regiment
- 10th Trench Mortar Battery
- 28th Machine Gun Battalion (organized August 1918 at Camp Funston)
- 210th Engineer Regiment (organized August 1918 at Camp Forrest, Georgia)
- 210th Field Signal Battalion (organized September 1918 at Camp Funston)
- Headquarters Troop (organized August 1918 at Camp Funston)
- 10th Train Headquarters and Military Police (trains organized August 1918 at Camp Funston)
- 10th Ammunition Train
- 10th Supply Train
- 210th Engineer Train
- 10th Sanitary Train
- 237th-240th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War. Vol. 3, Part 2. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army. 1988. p. 637.
- ^ Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War. Vol. 3, Part 2. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army. 1988. p. 644.
- ^ Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War. Vol. 3, Part 2. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army. 1988. p. 643.
- ^ Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War. Vol. 3, Part 2. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army. 1988. p. 643.