Jump to content

Carlsberg Group

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Carlsberg Breweries)
Not to be confused with Karlsberg (brewery).

Carlsberg A/S
Company typeAktieselskab
IndustryDrink industry
Founded1847; 177 years ago (1847)
FounderJ. C. Jacobsen
HeadquartersCopenhagen, Denmark
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Jacob Aarup-Andersen (CEO)[3]
ProductsBeers, ciders, soft drinks, bottled water
BrandsCarlsberg, Tuborg, Kronenbourg 1664, Grimbergen, Somersby, Holsten, Khyrdalan
RevenueDecrease DKK 58.541 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Decrease DKK 9.699 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Decrease DKK 6.808 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Total assetsDecrease DKK 118.816 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Total equityDecrease DKK 43.362 Billion (Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020)[4]
Number of employees
41,000 (FTE, average 2033 )[5]
Websitewww.carlsberggroup.com Edit this at Wikidata

Carlsberg A/S (/ˈkɑːrlzbɜːrɡ/; Danish: [ˈkʰɑˀlsˌpɛɐ̯ˀ]) is a Danish multinational brewer. Founded in 1847 by J. C. Jacobsen, the company's headquarters is in Copenhagen, Denmark. Since Jacobsen's death in 1887, the majority owner of the company has been the Carlsberg Foundation. The company's flagship brand is Carlsberg (named after Jacobsen's son Carl). The company employs around 41,000 people, primarily in Europe and Asia. Carlsberg is currently the 6th largest brewery in the world based on revenue.[6]

History

[edit]
J.C. Jacobsen standing in his winter garden known as Pompeji, next to a table with laboratory equipment, a bottle of lager, a beer glass, and books by Louis Pasteur and Emil Christian Hansen. Painting by August Jerndorff (1886).
Diplome d'Honneur Antwerp 1885 expo
Carl Wiibroe
C. Jacobsen Junior label

Carlsberg was founded by J. C. Jacobsen, a philanthropist and admirer of science. The first brew was finished on 10 November 1847, and the export of Carlsberg beer began in 1868 with the export of one barrel to Edinburgh, Scotland.[7] Some of the company's original logos include an elephant, after which some of its lagers are named, and the swastika,[note 1] the use of which was discontinued in the 1930s because of its association with political parties in neighboring Germany.

Jacobsen's son, Carl Christian Hilmar Jacobsen, opened a brewery in 1882 named Ny (New) Carlsberg forcing J.C. Jacobsen to rename his brewery Gamle (Old) Carlsberg. Carl Jacobsen was an avid art collector. With his fortune he amassed an art collection first housed privately, but since 1897 housed public in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in central Copenhagen. The companies were merged and run under Carl's direction in 1906 and remained so until his death in 1914.[7]

Jacobsen set up the Carlsberg Laboratory in 1875, which worked on scientific problems related to brewing. It featured a Department of Chemistry and a Department of Physiology. The species of yeast used to make pale lager, Saccharomyces carlsbergensis, was isolated by Emil Christian Hansen at the laboratory in 1883 and bears its name; this was shared freely by Carlsberg.[7] The Carlsberg Laboratory also developed the concept of pH and made advances in protein chemistry.[8] In 1972, the Carlsberg Research Centre was established and the Carlsberg Laboratory is an independent unit of the Centre.[9]

In 1876, J.C. Jacobsen established the Carlsberg Foundation, run by trustees from the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, which managed the Carlsberg Laboratory as well as supporting scientific research within the fields of natural sciences, mathematics, philosophy, the humanities and social sciences in Denmark. Because of a conflict with his son Carl, Jacobsen's brewery was left to the Foundation upon his death in 1887.[10]

Carlsberg Soda
Carlsberg beer

The first overseas license for brewing was given to the Photos Photiades Breweries, and in 1966 Carlsberg beer was brewed for the first time outside Denmark at the Photiades breweries in Cyprus.[11] The first brewery to be built outside Denmark was in Blantyre, Malawi in 1968.[7]

Carlsberg merged with Tuborg Breweries in 1970 (but backdated to 1969) forming the "De forenede Bryggerier" (United Breweries AS), and merged with Tetley in 1992. Carlsberg became the sole owner of Carlsberg-Tetley in 1997.[7]

Carlsberg and Tubor

In 2008 Carlsberg Group, together with Heineken, bought Scottish & Newcastle, the largest brewer in the UK, for £7.8bn ($15.3bn).[12]

In 2013 the company joined leading alcohol producers as part of a producers' commitments to reducing harmful drinking.[13]

In November 2014, Carlsberg agreed to take over Greece's third largest brewery, the Olympic Brewery, adding to its operations in the country and effectively transforming the firm into the second biggest market player in Greece.[14]

The old brewery in Copenhagen was once open for tours.[15] In January 2020, the brewery was closed for a complete refurbishment.[citation needed] It reopened in a fully refurbished museum called Home of Carlsberg in December 2023. [16]

Regional operations

[edit]

The Carlsberg Group divides their operations into three market areas: Northern and Western Europe, Eastern Europe and Asia.[17]

Europe

[edit]
Carlsberg Lager beer

Carlsberg Polska is the Polish subsidiary of the Carlsberg Group. Carlsberg acquired 100% control of the Okocim Group, which included the Okocim Brewery, in 2004. The subsidiary owns four brewing plants and employs a staff of 1,250. It is the third largest brewing company in Poland with a 14.4% market share.[18] Brands include Harnaś, Kasztelan, Okocim, Piast, Somersby and Carlsberg. Žatecký Pivovar has been owned by Carlsberg since 2014. Previously, it was wholly owned by Kordoni Holding Limited based in Nicosia in Cyprus. The brewery is located in the Czech city of Žatec (German: Saaz) from which Saaz hops, a "noble" variety of hops which accounts for more than +2⁄3 of total 2009 hop production in the Czech Republic comes from.[19]

Baltic Beverages Holding is owned by Carlsberg and primarily operates in the Baltic States and Ukraine. It owns Švyturys and Utenos Alus breweries in Lithuania and Saku Brewery in Estonia. Carlsberg acquired the Aldaris Brewery in Riga, Latvia, in 2008.[20] The brewery was founded in 1865, and produces Aldaris brand beers.[21]

Carlsberg beer in Sweden
Carlsberg Black Gold 5,8%

Carlsberg Sweden (Sverige) is based in Stockholm, and owns the Falcon Brewery in Falkenberg, and the Ramlösa mineral water bottling facility in Helsingborg.[22] Carnegie Porter, a 5.5% abv Baltic porter, along with the Pripps and Falcon brand lagers, are brewed in Falkenberg.[23] Norway brands include: Arendals, Dahls, Frydenlund, Nordlands, Ringnes and Tou.

Other European brands include: Birrificio Angelo Poretti (Italy), Feldschlösschen (Switzerland), Holsten (Germany), Jacobsen (Denmark), Karhu (Finland), Kronenbourg (France), Super Bock (Portugal) and Tetley (UK).

Jacobsen Extra Pilsner
A Carlsberg beer in France
A Saku beer by Carlsberg

As a result of the takeover of Scottish & Newcastle, Carlsberg controls the San Miguel brand in the UK. The UK competition and Markets Authority approved the merger of Carlsberg UK and Marston's PLC. The new company will be based in Wolverhampton, England and known as Carlsberg Marston's Brewing Company, with Carlsberg taking a 60% share in the new company. The merger is due to be completed by the end of October 2020.[24][25]

Russia and CIS

[edit]

The company is a significant operator in the brewing industry in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, owning its subsidiaries through Baltic Beverages Holding which initially was a joint venture between Carlsberg and Scottish & Newcastle in Russia.[12] It had a majority interest in OAO Baltika Breweries, the largest brewery in the Russian Federation and Eastern Europe.[26] In the spring of 2023, Carlsberg announced that it was leaving Russia and plans to sell its business before the end of spring. In late June, the company announced that it had closed the deal without naming a buyer. The deal is awaiting approval from the Russian authorities.[27] In July 2023, the Russian government seized the shares of the Carlsberg-owned Baltika Breweries and placed the company under the control of the Russian Federal Agency for State Property Management.[28]

The Uzbek government claimed the subsidiary owed $4.6 million in taxes from unreported revenue. Lower courts also claimed that Carlsberg illegally produced 1.6 million litres of beer from 2008 to 2010. For these reasons, in March 2012, Carlsberg suspended production at its Uzbek plant and asked its employees to take an unpaid leave.[29] In late 2012, the Uzbek Court declined Carlsberg's tax appeal.[30] Production resumed in April 2013.[31] The brewery produces 1.3 million litres of beer under three local brands Sarbast Original, Sarbast Extra, and Sarbast Special, plus the international brand Tuborg Green.[32]

In the Azerbaijan, Carlsberg is producing beer brand with the name Khirdalan.[33]

North America

[edit]

In the US, the Carlsberg group brands are distributed by St. Killian Import Co., based in Everett, Massachusetts, importing Carlsberg beer directly from Denmark. Brands that are imported include Carlsberg Pilsner (0.5 liter/16.9 oz. cans), Carlsberg Beer (bottles and kegs), Carlsberg Elephant, Kronenbourg 1664, Grimbergen, Tetley's English Ale, and Okocim.[34]

Carlsberg beer in USA and Canada

Carlsberg was brewed in Canada by Canadian Breweries/Carling O'Keefe beginning in 1972.[35] After Carling O'Keefe was merged with Molsons, Carlsberg opened its own brewery.

In December 2022, it was announced Carlsberg had acquired the Ontario-based company, Waterloo Brewing.[36]

Asia

[edit]

East Asia

[edit]

Carlsberg started to export beer to China in 1876.[37] In the late 1990s, Carlsberg had two breweries in China – Huizhou and Shanghai. The company acquired Huizhou Brewery in Guangdong Province in 1995, which started to supply both the mainland Chinese and Hong Kong market.[37] Carlsberg invested around US$30 million in its Shanghai brewery, and started production in 1998. In 2000, Carlsberg sold a majority stake in its Shanghai brewery to Tsingtao Brewery.[38] Carlsberg formerly had a brewery in Tai Po, Hong Kong, which was established in 1981, but shut it down in 1999[39] due to high costs.

Carlsberg Premium Smooth Draught beer in Japan
Some Carlsberg beers in Hong Kong
Some Carlsberg beers in Malaysia

In 2003, Carlsberg acquired the Kunming Brewery and the Dali Brewery in Yunnan province. At the time, the Dali Brewery was the largest beer brewery in Yunnan.[40] In 2004, Carlsberg became a major shareholder in Lhasa Brewery in the Tibet Autonomous Region. At 3,700 metres above sea level, Lhasa Brewery is believed to be the highest altitude brewery in the Carlsberg Group.[39]

In 2008, Carlsberg sold its remaining interest in the Shanghai brewery to Tsingtao Brewery.[41]

In August 2011, Carlsberg announced a new joint venture with Chongqing Brewery and Chongqing Light Textile Holding. Chongqing Light Textile Holding is a major shareholder of Chongqing Brewery. The joint venture, to be called Chongqing Xinghui Investment Co., Ltd, would operate twelve breweries in China in Chongqing, Sichuan, Guangxi, Guizhou and Hunan. Chongqing Brewery would contribute five breweries and Chongqing Light Textile Holding would contribute seven breweries to the joint venture. Carlsberg would inject 160 million Danish crowns (about US$30.90 million) and have a 30% interest in the venture.[42]

Carlsberg also owns Wusu Beer Group in Urumqi, Xinjiang in Northwest China.

South Asia

[edit]

Carlsberg India Pvt. Ltd. headquartered in Gurgaon, India is a foreign direct investment company formed to brew and market Carlsberg beer in India. The company has also brought the Tuborg and Palone brands to India. Palone is sold as a 'strong' beer with 7.5% alcohol by volume. Strong beers dominate the Indian market, estimated in 2008 to total approximately 17 million hectolitres with over a 72% share. Carlsberg is available in most states of India, with five operational breweries in: Alwar (Rajasthan), Aurangabad (Maharashtra) both of which started in the summer of 2008, the former Hacke-Beck brewery in Paonta Sahib (Himachal Pradesh) where brewing commenced in July 2007, Kolkata (West Bengal) opened in September 2009, Patna Brewery (Patna) opened for brewing in 2014, Dharuhera Brewery opened on 7 May 2013, and Hyderabad (Telangana) opened in December 2010. Carlsberg India Pvt. Ltd. currently employs over 700 people and is headed by Michael Norgaard Jensen, Managing Director.[43]

Southeast Asia

[edit]

Carlsberg Brewery Malaysia Berhad (Carlsberg Malaysia) was incorporated in December 1969 and began brewing Carlsberg Green Label locally in 1972. It is located in Shah Alam, Selangor. Since then, the brand has become one of the leading beer brands with more than a 50% share of the Malaysian market. It manufactures and distributes beer, stout, and other beverages mainly in the domestic market and has investments in Sri Lanka, Singapore and in a Malaysian alcoholic beverage company. Brands under Carlsberg Malaysia include Carlsberg Danish Pilsner, Carlsberg Smooth Draught, Carlsberg Special Brew, Kronenbourg 1664 Blanc, Sapporo Premium Beer, Somersby Ciders, SKOL beer, Danish Royal Stout as well as non-alcoholic Nutrimalt drink. In addition, Carlsberg Malaysia, through its subsidiaries, has a wide range of imported international beer brands, including Hoegaarden, Stella Artois, Budweiser, Grimbergen, and Beck's. However, CBMB sold off its subsidiaries and focused on growing the Carlsberg Group brand.[44]

In the Philippines, Carlsberg beverages have been produced by Asia Brewery since 1982 in Cabuyao, Laguna. A television ad for Carlsberg beer in 1987 was criticized by the Movement Against Deceptive Advertising (MADA) for depicting the product as imported original Carlsberg beer from Denmark.[45]

In Indonesia, Carlsberg is produced and distributed under a licensing agreement with Delta Djakarta, producer of Anker and San Miguel. San Miguel Brewery co-owned Delta Djakarta through 58.33% stock.

In January 2013, Carlsberg announced the formation of a joint venture with the Myanmar Golden Star (MGS) group to establish a beer production facility in the Bago Industrial Zone, about an hour's drive from Yangon, Myanmar. Carlsberg will hold a majority 51 per cent stake in the venture and will provide seed capital in the range of $35 million to $50 million, with construction slated to commence in February.[46]

Singha beer began being produced by Carlsberg's Russian plant for distribution in European markets in March 2013.[47]

Other Southeast Asian brands include Halida Beer (Vietnam).

West Asia

[edit]

In Israel, the Israel Beer Breweries in Ashkelon produces Carlsberg and Tuborg. Carlsberg and Tuborg were launched on the Israeli market in 1992. Initially they were imported from Copenhagen, but in 1995 local production began at a greenfield brewery. The brewery is situated above a large underground aquifer[48]

Beers

[edit]

Carlsberg

[edit]
A 33cl Carlsberg profile bottle
A Carlsberg bottle
Wiibroe beer
A Carlsberg beer glass.

Carlsberg is the flagship beer brand in Carlsberg Group's portfolio of 155 brands.[49] It is a 5% abv pilsner beer (In the UK, it previously had 3.8% abv but reduced to 3.4% abv, cited as being due to an increase in duty tax and is now branded as Carlsberg Danish Pilsner.) with a global distribution to 140 markets.[50] It is also known as Carlsberg Lager, Carlsberg Beer and Carlsberg Pilsner. It was first brewed in 1904,[51] and was created by Carl Jacobsen, son of Carlsberg's founder J. C. Jacobsen.

Carlsberg Pilsner and Carlsberg Draft beer
Carlsberg beer can
The Tuborg bottle in Hellerup.

The introduction of the Carlsberg pilsner also saw the reintroduction of the Art Nouveau-style logo that has been used nearly unmodified since 1904, and later became the logo of the entire company. It was designed by Thorvald Bindesbøll.[7]

In Denmark, the beer is often known as Hof (court) due to its Royal Warrant. This nickname was adopted into the brand in 1931 but discontinued in Denmark in 1991. The term is still used in other markets such as the UK and Sweden.[52]

Carlsberg beer 5,0%
Carlsberg Premium Lager Beer 5,0%
Cap of Carlsberg

Special Brew

[edit]
"Special Brew" redirects here. For the song and album by Bad Manners, see Special Brew (song) and Special Brew (album).
Wiibroe Imperial stout
Wiibroe Porter
Wiibroe Vintage beer 2013
Wiibroe Vintage beer 2017

Special Brew is a strong lager brewed only in Denmark, Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom. It was initially brewed by Carlsberg to commemorate a visit to Denmark by Winston Churchill in 1950.[53] The flavour incorporates "cognac flavours among its tasting notes" as Churchill was partial to brandy. In May 1951 two crates were delivered to Churchill's London home. In a thank-you letter Churchill called the drink "Commemoration Lager". In Denmark the drink was called Påskebryg ("Easter Brew"), but the Easter Brew has since been replaced by a weaker beer (Carls Påske). For the British market Carlsberg called the drink Special Brew, and production was started in Northampton in the 1950s.

Carlsberg Black Gold 5,5%
Carlsberg-Jacobsen, wheat beer
Carlsberg Special Brew
Carlsberg Master Brew

At 7.5% alcohol (previously 9%, then 8% for a short time), Special Brew is part of a group of strong lagers that are termed "super-strength" in the UK and malt liquor in the USA. This beer is often associated with street alcoholics.[54]

A single can (440mL) of Special Brew contains 3.5 units of alcohol (previously 4.5 units) whilst the maximum recommended daily intake for a man is two units. In January 2015, it was reported that Carlsberg would reduce the units per can to less than four, in line with a UK government pledge that no single can should contain more than four units. The change, a reduction either in the size of the can from 500mL to 440mL, or the alcoholic strength of the beer, was considered for implementation in 2015.[55] Both changes were made; the cans have since been reduced to 440 mL, and the ABV reduced from 9% to 8%, then another drop to 7.5%.

Carls Beer
Carls Porter
Carls Special Brew can
Microbrewery of Wiibroe Friends in the backyard of Skibsklarerergaarden in Helsingør in (Denmark).

Elephant beer

[edit]
The Elephant Gate in Copenhagen, Denmark
Elephant beer
Old and new Elephant beer
Elephant beer can

In 1901, at brewer Carl Jacobsen's initiative, the Architect Professor J. L. Dahlerup created a tower resting on four elephants carved in granite from the Danish island of Bornholm. Jacobsen's inspiration was the obelisk supporting an elephant on the Piazza della Minerva in Rome.[56] The four elephants each bear the initial of one of Carl Jacobsen's children: Theodora, Paula, Helge and Vagn. This became known as The Elephant Gate and is a landmark entrance to the brewery.[citation needed]

To the west of the gate, Carl Jacobsen's motto was inscribed: Laboremus pro Patria (Let us work for our country). Since then, the Elephant has been a famous part of the Carlsberg family, especially after the strong Elephant Beer was created in 1955 under the name Export Lager Beer featuring the Elephant label. The Elephant is still brewed in Carlsberg Breweries in Copenhagen and exported around the world. A few markets brew their own Carlsberg Elephant beer locally according to the original recipe.[citation needed]

Elephant beer, Carlsberg Deutschland GmbH – Carlsberg ELePHANT
Elephant beer Carlsberg Deutschland GmbH – Carlsberg Elephant, 2020
Elephant beer capsule, Cap of Carlsberg Deutschland GmbH – Carlsberg ELePHANT

Other brands in Carlsberg Group's portfolio

[edit]

[57]

Carlsberg beers
Carlsberg beers
Carlsberg Export and Carlsberg Cold beer
Kings Brewery Christmas beer (hvidtøl) by Carlsberg
Skands beer from Skands Brewery/ Skands Microbrewery (Skands Bryggeri/ Skands Mikrobryggeri) (Bryggeriet Skands, Skands by Carlsberg

In total, Carlsberg Group brews more than 500 different beers.[58]

Visitors centre

[edit]
The old Carlsberg Visitors Centre
The new Carlsberg Visitors Centre

The Carlsberg Visitors Centre is located at 11 Gamle Carlsberg Vej, 2500 Valby, Denmark at the location of the first Carlsberg Brewery. In the courtyard is a smaller replica of the Little Mermaid Statue that Carl Jacobsen donated to Copenhagen. Also located in connection with the Carlsberg visitors Centre is the Jacobsen House Brewery, a micro brewery creating the Jacobsen speciality range of hand-crafted beers.[59] The entry ticket includes a free drink at the bar. Visit Carlsberg is located a five-minute walk from the Carlsberg train station.[60]

Advertising

[edit]
Carlsberg advertising at Woodstock Festival (Poland)

Carlsberg's tagline "Probably the best lager in the world" was created in 1973 by Tony Bodinetz at KMP for the UK market.[61][62] It began to appear in company corporate ads around the world from the 1980s onwards until it was replaced in 2011 in most regions by new tagline "That calls for a Carlsberg".[63] The voice over for the original ad in 1983 was voiced by actor Orson Welles,[64] his voice has been used repeatedly over the years. Welles was not expensive and he liked the advertisements, so he kept his fees to a minimum. In some countries the tagline has been adapted to "Probably the best beer in the world".[65]

Carlsberg was featured in the film Ice Cold in Alex (not, however, in the book on which the film was based) as the lager the main cast get to drink after driving across the desert. Lines from the film gave rise to one of Carlsberg's best known advertising slogans in the UK: "worth waiting for".[citation needed]

Carlsberg has been criticised[by whom?] for breaking their own code of conduct for alcohol advertisement in Malawi.[66]

In 2011, "That calls for a Carlsberg" was introduced as the new Carlsberg tagline and has appeared in various television adverts since.[67] The new-look marketing campaign was rolled out across 140 markets and included a new 30-second TV ad called 'Spaceman'. The company wants to boost sales in Asia and the Far East, but there were fears that 'probably' was too subtle as a tagline.[68]

Promotional Caravan of the Tour de France in Copenhagen
Tour de France Fan Park in Copenhagen - Carlsberg

Sponsorships

[edit]

Sponsorships from Carlsberg comes in two forms, sharply separated: either from the Carlsberg Brewery as part of their commercial campaigns, or as significant contributions to arts and sciences via the Carlsberg Foundation (who owns the brewery).

Carlsberg Brewery was one of the major sponsors of Euro 2008,[69] Euro 2012[70] and also UEFA Euro 2016 (where their adboards were changed to read their abridged tagline, "Probably", due to France's laws against alcohol advertising).[71] Carlsberg was one of the major sponsors of the 2004 European Football Championship[69] and use the promotional slogan "probably the best lager in the world";[72] they were also a sponsor of the 1990 FIFA World Cup.[73] Carlsberg are best known in the UK as the main and shirt sponsors of Liverpool F.C. having sponsored the club from 1992 continuing through to 2016.[74] With Liverpool being the only UK city exhibiting at the World Expo in Shanghai – its twin city, the Carlsberg logo on the Liverpool F.C jersey was written in Chinese for the league match against Chelsea F.C on 2 May 2010.[75]

Former Carlsberg CEO Jørgen Buhl Rasmussen (left) and brand ambassador Peter Schmeichel (right)

Carlsberg also sponsor F.C. Copenhagen, Havant and Waterlooville,[76] Odense Boldklub,[77] Pirin Blagoevgrad and are also the secondary sponsor (after Eircom) of the Republic of Ireland national football team[77] and Tottenham Hotspur F.C.[77] Carlsberg also sponsors other sport events, such as golf and skiing.[78] On 13 July 2011 Carlsberg signed a sponsorship contract with Hajduk Split and contributed 40,000 Euros to the team to help avert a financial crisis in 2013.[79]

As of August 2011 Carlsberg also became Arsenal F.C's official beer sponsor for three years.[80] Carlsberg has also sponsored the Hong Kong Rugby Sevens in 2015.[81]

Goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel became the first ever worldwide ambassador for Carlsberg. He was announced as the face of Carlsberg's UEFA Euro 2016 sponsorship campaign.[82]

The Institute of Theoretical Physics (also known as the "Niels Bohr Institute") in Copenhagen, which was one of the leading international centers for theoretical physics during the 1920s and 1930s and is said to be the birthplace of quantum mechanics, was created in 1921 with significant funding from the Carlsberg Foundation.[83] Other projects funded by the Carlsberg Foundation include: Dating the Greenland Ice Core, Uncovering the Iron-Age in Northern Europe, Discovering the Secrets of Molecular Diversity, and Creating Dictionaries on the Web.[10]

Controversies

[edit]

China

[edit]

Danish investigative site Danwatch accuses Carlsberg of participating in government oppression of Uyghurs by operating breweries, producing Wusu Beer, and holding the Wusu Beer Festival in Xinjiang while the government sanctions Muslims for abstaining from alcohol.[84][85]

Nepal

[edit]

A factory in Nepal owned by Carlsberg has been shown[when?] to severely pollute a nearby river.[86] Initially Carlsberg denied the pollution, but has since in 2018 admitted the wrongdoing.[87]

Russia

[edit]

In March 2022 Carlsberg issued a press release stating they would leave the Russian market following the continued invasion of Ukraine by Russia as part of the Russo-Ukrainian War.[88] By the following March, Carlsberg had not left and was exploring the possibility of a buyback clause[89] but in June 2023 the company announced that a deal to sell the Russia business had been reached.[90] In July 2023 Russia seized the shares in the Carlsberg-owned Baltika Breweries and placed it under the control of the Russian Federal Agency for State Property Management.[28]

The new CEO of the Carlsberg Group, Jacob Aarup-Andersen, said in the fall of 2023 that Russia had stolen their business and that the group would not enter into negotiations with the Russian authorities.[91]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Sample image of a label featuring swastika

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "OMX Copenhagen 25 (OMXC25CAP)". Archived from the original on 13 March 2022. Retrieved 8 September 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  2. ^ "OMX Copenhagen 25 (OMXC25CAP)" (PDF). Nasdaq OMX. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 March 2022.
  3. ^ "New Carlsberg CEO, Jacob Aarup-Andersen will join on 1 September". Carlsberg Group. 29 June 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Carlsberg A/S 2020 Annual Report" (PDF). carlsberggroup. 31 December 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
  5. ^ "Annual Report 2016" (PDF).
  6. ^ "Beer sales by company worldwide 2023".
  7. ^ a b c d e f "Carlsberg Group - Our Heritage". Carlsberg. Retrieved 14 December 2015.[permanent dead link‍]
  8. ^ "Sørensen, Søren Peter Lauritz (1868–1939)". 100 Distinguished European Chemists. European Association for Chemical and Molecular Sciences. Archived from the original on 4 October 2006. Retrieved 9 January 2007.
  9. ^ "The Carlssberg Laboratory". Carlsberg. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  10. ^ a b "The Carlsberg Foundation". Carlsberg. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  11. ^ "Who we are " About the Carlsberg Group " Our Rich Heritage " Carlsberg Group". Carlsberg Group. Retrieved 3 January 2019.
  12. ^ a b "Brewer S&N agrees £7.8bn takeover". BBC. 25 January 2008.
  13. ^ "Home | Producers' Commitments". Producers' Commitments. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  14. ^ "Carlsberg becomes no.2 in Greece with Olympic Brewery takeover" (Press release). Reuters. 18 November 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
  15. ^ "Visit Carlsberg". Carlsberg. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  16. ^ "Home of Carlsberg opens on 1 December and welcomes guests home to Carlsberg". Carlsberg. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  17. ^ "Carlsberg Group - Company Profile". carlsberggroup.com. 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  18. ^ Carlsberg – Poland Archived 27 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  19. ^ "Hop Statistics - Hops Growers Union of the Czech Republic". www.czhops.cz. Retrieved 5 September 2010.
  20. ^ "Carlsberg Group - Latvia". carlsberggroup.com. 2012. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  21. ^ "Aldaris (Carlsberg) - RateBeer". ratebeer.com. 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012. Aldaris
  22. ^ "Carlsberg Group - Sweden". carlsberggroup.com. 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  23. ^ "Carlsberg Sverige - RateBeer". ratebeer.com. 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  24. ^ "Regulator approves Carlsberg's £780m joint venture with Marston's". 9 October 2020.
  25. ^ "Newsroom » Carlsberg responds to the decision made by the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) « Carlsberg Marston's Brewing Company".
  26. ^ "Russia - Baltika Breweries". Carlsberg Group.
  27. ^ "Carlsberg Group подписала соглашение о продаже "Балтики"". Коммерсант (in Russian). 23 June 2023.
  28. ^ a b "Russia seizes control of Danone and Carlsberg operations". BBC News. 17 July 2023.
  29. ^ "Uzbek Court Rules Against Carlsberg Subsidiary". The Gazette of Central Asia. Satrapia. 20 October 2012.
  30. ^ "Uzbekistan: Court declined tax appeal by Carlsberg Uzbekistan". Ferghana News Agency. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  31. ^ "Uzbekistan, Central Asia's Poisoned Chalice". Moscow Times. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  32. ^ "Carslberg Group - Uzbekistan". Carlsberg. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  33. ^ "Products » Xirdalan » Xirdalan Beer « Carlsberg Group". Carlsberg Group. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
  34. ^ "Carlsberg Group - USA". www.carlsberggroup.com. Archived from the original on 26 November 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
  35. ^ "Carlsberg Group".
  36. ^ Thomas, Louis (16 December 2022). "Carlsberg Group acquires Waterloo Brewing". The Drinks Business. Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  37. ^ a b "Carlsberg in China" (PDF). Carlsberg. 27 November 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 May 2012. Retrieved 21 December 2011. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  38. ^ Camilla Palmer (10 August 2000). "Carlsberg sells majority stake in Chinese brewery". Brand Republic.
  39. ^ a b "Carlsberg China".
  40. ^ "Carlsberg Asia acquired second brewery in the Yunnan province, China". Carlsberg. 6 October 2003. Archived from the original on 5 November 2011. Retrieved 21 December 2011.
  41. ^ Zhou Yan (11 September 2008). "Tsingtao snaps up brewery". China Daily.
  42. ^ John Acher (1 August 2011). "Carlsberg says to own 30 pct of new China venture". Reuters. Archived from the original on 18 October 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
  43. ^ "Managing Director's Message". Carlsberg. Retrieved 14 December 2015.[permanent dead link‍]
  44. ^ "Carlsberg Malaysia". Carlsberg. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  45. ^ Rigor, Ruby (1 October 1987). "New beer ad untruthful". Manila Standard. Standard Publications, Inc. p. 5. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  46. ^ "Carlsberg takes a sip in Myanmar". Investvine.com. 1 February 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
  47. ^ "Singha starts roll-out in Asia and Europe". Investvine.com. 14 February 2013. Archived from the original on 15 September 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2013.
  48. ^ "Carlsberg Group - Israel". Archived from the original on 25 January 2013. Retrieved 30 March 2014.
  49. ^ "Products « Carlsberg Group".
  50. ^ "Carlsberg beer product information". www.carlsberggroup.com. Retrieved 4 March 2014.
  51. ^ "Carlsberg Group – Carlsberg Pilsner". www.carlsberggroup.com. Retrieved 21 October 2009.
  52. ^ Carlsbergsverige.se - Carlsberg Hof[permanent dead link‍]
  53. ^ "Carlsberg Group – Carlsberg Special Brew". www.carlsberggroup.com. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 7 March 2011.
  54. ^ Weaver, Matthew (3 October 2005). "Call for ban on super-strength 'tramp juice'". The Guardian. London.
  55. ^ "The secret history of Special Brew". BBC News. 13 January 2015. Retrieved 13 January 2015.
  56. ^ Visit Carlsberg
  57. ^ "Products « Carlsberg Group". Carlsberg Group. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  58. ^ "Products « Carlsberg Group". Carlsberg Group. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  59. ^ http://www.jacobsenbryg.dk/home/index.htm Archived 20 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine [1] dead links
  60. ^ "Carlsberg Brewery www.visitcopenhagen.com". Archived from the original on 2 September 2009. Retrieved 27 August 2009.
  61. ^ Tony Bodinetz on LinkedIn
  62. ^ Foster, Stephen (28 June 2013). "Carlsberg enlists Belgian bikers in great beer battle". More About Advertising. Retrieved 22 August 2018.
  63. ^ Thompson, James (8 December 2011). "Jorgen Rasmussen: Right time for change of tactics? Probably..." The Independent. London. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  64. ^ "Who we are » About the Carlsberg Group » Our Rich Heritage « Carlsberg Group". www.carlsberggroup.com. Archived from the original on 13 February 2008.
  65. ^ Stamp, Gavin (18 June 2006). "Probably the best corporate slogan..." BBC News. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
  66. ^ "Kaliber 3 May 2009: "They are making us starve"". Sveriges Radio (in Swedish). 7 May 2009. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  67. ^ "All change for Carlsberg's famous slogan". Journal.ie. 5 April 2011. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  68. ^ "Carlsberg drop probably and announce new slogan and ad campaign". Joe.ie. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  69. ^ a b "Carlsberg to sponsor EURO2004 and 2008". Carlsberg. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  70. ^ "EURO 2012 sponsorship". Carlsberg. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  71. ^ "Carlsberg signs as Official Sponsor for UEFA national team competitions". UEFA.com. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
  72. ^ "Advertising Slogan Hall of Fame". AdSlogans. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  73. ^ "Carlsberg involved in football for 30 years" (PDF). Carlsberg. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 November 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  74. ^ "Liverpool Football Club and Carlsberg Toast 21 Year Partnership". Carslberg. Archived from the original on 18 July 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  75. ^ "Liverpool FC Home Shirt 2009/10 - Carlsberg Chinese Edition". SoccerBible Ltd. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  76. ^ "Carlsberg to continue sponsorship deal". havantandwaterlooville.net. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  77. ^ a b c "Fact Sheet Background on Carlsberg and Football" (PDF). Carlsberg. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  78. ^ "The Premium Beer Company". Premium Beer Company. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  79. ^ "Hajduk Split Fans Drinking Earns Club €40k Cheque From Carlsberg". Croatia Week. 28 March 2013. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  80. ^ "Carlsberg becomes Official Beer Partner of Arsenal Football Club". Carlsberg. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  81. ^ "Uth Creative secures Carlsberg's Rugby Sevens work". Marketing-Interactive.com. Lighthouse Independent Media Pte Ltd. 5 March 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  82. ^ "Peter Schmeichel to front Carlsberg's Euro 2016 sponsorship campaign". Carnyx Group Ltd. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  83. ^ "For Winning The Nobel Prize, Niels Bohr Got A House With Free Beer". Forbes Tech. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
  84. ^ Seidenfaden, Johan (8 March 2023). "Eyewitness: China uses Carlsberg's beer to repress Uyghurs". Danwatch. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
  85. ^ "Carlsberg Exposed: Beer Giant Participates in Oppression of Uyghurs". Movendi International. Retrieved 25 November 2024.
  86. ^ "Knuste flasker og forurening belaster Carlsbergs nye bryggeri i Nepal". 8 March 2018. Retrieved 8 March 2018.
  87. ^ "Carlsberg tager ansvar for forurening ved bryggeri i Nepal". 25 May 2018.
  88. ^ "Carlsberg Group to leave Russia". Carlsberg Group.
  89. ^ Alderman, Liz (2 March 2023). "Leave Russia? A Year Later Many Companies Can't, or Won't". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  90. ^ "Brewer Carlsberg Signs Agreement to Sell Business in Russia". Bloomberg.com. 23 June 2023. Retrieved 5 July 2023.
  91. ^ "Carlsberg CEO: Russia stole our business". The Drinks Business. 1 November 2023.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Carlsberg Group.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlsberg_Group&oldid=1259436828"