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Humphry Bowen

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Humphry John Moule Bowen
Humphry Bowen in 1999
Born(1929-06-22)22 June 1929
Oxford, England
Died9 August 2001(2001-08-09) (aged 72)
Dorset, England
NationalityBritish
Alma materMagdalen College, Oxford
Known forStudy of trace elements, Bowen's Kale, two English county floras (Berkshire[1] and Dorset[2])
Scientific career
FieldsAnalytical chemistry, botany
InstitutionsAtomic Energy Research Establishment
University of Reading

Humphry John Moule Bowen (22 June 1929 – 9 August 2001) was a British botanist and chemist.[3][4][5][6][7][excessive citations]

Early life and education

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Bowen was born in Oxford, son of the chemist Edmund Bowen and Edith Bowen (nee Moule).[8] He attended the Dragon School, gaining a scholarship to Rugby School and then a demyship to Magdalen College, Oxford. He won the Gibbs Prize[9] in 1949 and completed a DPhil in chemistry at Oxford University in 1953 before starting his professional career as a chemist. Bowen was also a proficient amateur actor in his early years, appearing with a young Ronnie Barker at Oxford.[3]

Research career

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His first post was with the Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) near the village of Harwell where he lived, working at the Wantage Research Laboratory, then in Berkshire.[4] His early work started an interest in radioisotopes and trace elements that he maintained throughout his working life. While at AERE, he spent several months in 1956 attending the British nuclear tests at Maralinga in Australia to study the environmental effects of radiation.[4]

A jar of the botanical reference material Bowen's Kale, in the collection of the Museum of the History of Science, University of Oxford, England.[10]

Bowen realized that the calibration of different instruments intended to measure trace elements was an important issue that needed addressing. His solution was to produce a good supply of a material which later become known as Bowen's Kale.[11] This was a dried, crushed chomogenate of the plant kale, that was stable and consistent enough to be distributed as a research calibration standard - probably the first successful example of such a standard.[6]

In 1964, he was appointed as a lecturer in the chemistry department at the University of Reading. Later he was promoted to Reader in analytical chemistry in 1974. At Reading, Bowen undertook consultancy for Dunlop, investigating potential uses for their products.[3] When the Torrey Canyon oil disaster occurred in 1967, he realized that it might be possible to use foam booms to block the oil from spreading in the English Channel. His original experiments were conducted in a small bucket in his laboratory.[4] Although not entirely successful in reality at the time due to the rough seas, this lateral thinking combined his interest in chemistry with his love of nature and has since been effectively deployed to protect ports and harbours against encroaching oil slicks. Bowen wrote a number of professional books in the field of chemistry, including two editions of Trace elements in Biochemistry (1966 and 1976).[12]

In 1968, Bowen noted that the paint used for yellow line road markings can contain chromate pigment, which may cause urban pollution as it deteriorates.[13] He pointed out that hexavalent chromium in dust can cause dermatitis ulceration on the skin, inflammation of the nasal mucosa and larynx, and lung cancer.[13]

From 1951 onwards, Bowen was a long-serving member of the Botanical Society of the British Isles (BSBI). He was meetings secretary for a period and the official recorder of plants for the counties of Berkshire and Dorset, producing Floras for both counties.[1][2] He retired to Winterborne Kingston in Dorset at the end of his life. He was also one of the leading contributors of botanical data for the Flora of Oxfordshire.[14] He acted as an expert botanical guide on tours around Europe, especially Greece and Turkey.[4]

Humphry Bowen donated a large collection of lichens from Berkshire and Oxfordshire to the Museum of Reading in the 1970s.[15] He established the Bowen Cup at the University of Reading in 1988, an annual prize for the student in the Department of Chemistry at the University who achieves the top marks in Part II Analytical Chemistry.[16]

See also

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Bibliography

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  • H. J. M. Bowen, Trace Elements in Biochemistry. Academic Press, 1966.
  • H. J. M. Bowen, Properties of Solids and their Structures. McGraw-Hill, 1967.
  • H. J. M. Bowen, Environmental Chemistry of the Elements. Academic Press, 1979. ISBN 0-12-120450-2.

References

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  1. ^ a b Bowen, H. J. M. (1968). The Flora of Berkshire. Oxford: Holywell Press.
  2. ^ a b Bowen, H. J. M. (2000). The Flora of Dorset. Pisces Publications. ISBN 1-874357-16-1. Archived from the original on 2 September 2006.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  3. ^ a b c "Obituary: Humphry Bowen". The Times. 28 August 2001. Archived from the original on 2 December 2007. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
  4. ^ a b c d e Moffatt, J. Michael (17 October 2001). "Humphry Bowen: Practical botanist and chemist exploring the natural world". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
  5. ^ "Obituaries: Humphry Bowen". The Daily Telegraph. 5 September 2001. Retrieved 4 June 2013.
  6. ^ a b "Obituaries: Humphry Bowen". The Independent. 25 September 2001. Retrieved 6 October 2011.[dead link‍]
  7. ^ Jury, S. L. (2002). "Humphry John Moule Bowen (1929–2001)". Watsonia. 24: 268–270.
  8. ^ a b Symonds, Ann Spokes. "Families: The Bowens". The Changing Faces of North Oxford: Book One. Robert Boyd Publications. pp. 81–83. ISBN 1-899536-25-6.
  9. ^ "Gibbs Prizes". UK: University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
  10. ^ "Jar of Bowen's Kale (Botanical Reference Material), Prepared by H. J. M. Bowen, 1960s". Oxford: Museum of the History of Science. Retrieved 18 January 2015.
  11. ^ Katz, S. A. (January 2002). "Bowen's Kale: A brief review dedicated to the late Professor Humphry John Moule Bowen, 1929–2001". Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. 251 (1): 3–5. Bibcode:2002JRNC..251....3K. doi:10.1023/A:1015021823497. S2CID 93854964.
  12. ^ "H. J. M. Bowen". Open Library. Retrieved 13 June 2014.
  13. ^ a b Bowen, H.J.M. (6 April 1968). "Urban Pollution". Nature. 218 (5136): 106. Bibcode:1968Natur.218..106B. doi:10.1038/218106c0.
  14. ^ Killick, John; Perry, Roy; Woodell, Stan (1998). Flora of Oxfordshire. Pisces Publications. ISBN 1-874357-07-2.
  15. ^ Notton, David. "The Bowen collection of Lichens at Reading Museum" (PDF). UK: Collections Gateway. Retrieved 14 June 2014.
  16. ^ "Bowen Cup for Analytical Chemistry 2010". Chemistry: News. UK. 2010. Archived from the original on 11 September 2011. Retrieved 11 September 2011.
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