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Argos Orestiko

Coordinates: 40°27′N 21°15′E / 40.450°N 21.250°E / 40.450; 21.250
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Argos Orestiko
Άργος Ορεστικό
Municipality
Central square
Central square
Argos Orestiko is located in Greece
Argos Orestiko
Argos Orestiko
Location within the region
Coordinates: 40°27′N 21°15′E / 40.450°N 21.250°E / 40.450; 21.250
CountryGreece
Geographic regionMacedonia
Administrative regionWestern Macedonia
Regional unitKastoria
Area
 • Municipality
340.7 km2 (131.5 sq mi)
 • Municipal unit206.4 km2 (79.7 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Municipality
10,685
 • Density31/km2 (81/sq mi)
 • Municipal unit
8,328
 • Municipal unit density40/km2 (100/sq mi)
 • Community
7,240
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Vehicle registrationKT
Websitewww.argosorestiko.gr

Argos Orestiko (Greek: Άργος Ορεστικό, lit. 'Orestean Argos', before 1926: Χρούπιστα – Chroupista;[2] Aromanian: Hrupishte) is a town and a municipality in the Kastoria regional unit, Greece. The Kastoria National Airport (also known as Aristotelis Airport) is located in Argos Orestiko.

History

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Antiquity

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In antiquity, Argos Orestikon was the main town of the Orestae. It was said to have been founded by Orestes, the son of Agamemnon, who fled from Argos in the Peloponnese after the murder of his mother.[3][4]

The exact location of classical Argos Orestikon has not been found. Based on epigraphic evidence, the administrative centre of the Orestae lay near the centre of the present town Argos Orestiko, at a site named "Armenochori".[5] During the campaign of Alexander the Great to the East, settlers from the town founded another Argos Orestikon to distant Scythian steppes during the 4th century BCE.

Modern period

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At least since the 16th century, Argos Orestiko has a notable annual trade fair.[6]

Towards the end of the 18th century, Aromanians from Moscopole settled in the town; later more followed from the villages of Gramosta and Samarina.[6] According to a statistical report by British Colonel Henry Synge, dated 12 June 1878, the kaza of Chroupista (Argos Orestiko) had 4,565 Greek and 4,220 Aromanian males who were Orthodox Christians and recognized the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (opposing the Bulgarian Exarchate); it also had 2,290 Muslim males.[7] At the turn of the 20th century, the town of Argos Orestiko was inhabited by Greeks, Aromanians, Bulgarians, and Turks.[8][9] In the late Ottoman period, the town was wealthy, had four mosques and many of its Muslim population were involved in agriculture and trade.[10] During the end of the 19th century, it had a number of Greek schools, but also a Bulgarian and Romanian one; at that time, the Greek language prevailed in the town, even among Aromanians and Bulgarians,[6] and particularly the former had a Greek national consciousness.[11]

The 1920 Greek census recorded 3,603 people in the town and 1,500 inhabitants (200 families) were Muslim in 1923.[12] Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in the town were from East Thrace (10), Asia Minor (69), Pontus (132) and the Caucasus (1) in 1926.[12] The 1928 Greek census recorded 3,605 town inhabitants.[12] In 1928, the refugee families numbered 214 (852 people).[12] After the population exchange, the main mosque of the town was replaced with a church built and dedicated to Saint Paraskevi; the other three mosques were destroyed.[13]

In 1945, Greek Foreign Minister Ioannis Politis ordered the compilation of demographic data regarding the Prefecture of Kastoria.[14] The town Argos Orestiko had a total of 4,100 inhabitants, including 1,370 Slavophones.[15]

Municipality

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The municipality Orestida was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the former municipalities Argos Orestiko and Ion Dragoumis, that became municipal units.[16] Orestida was renamed to Argos Orestiko in 2013.[17] The municipality of Argos Orestiko has an area of 340.731 km2 (131.557 sq mi); the municipal unit of Argos Orestiko (the pre-2011 municipality) has an area of 206.396 km2 (79.690 sq mi).[18]

The municipal units are further subdivided into the following communities:[16]

  • Argos Orestiko: Agios Ilias, Ammoudara, Argos Orestiko, Asprokklisia, Dialekto, Kastanofyto, Lagka, Lakkomata, Melanthio, Nostimo, Spilaia, Spilios and Vrachos
  • Ion Dragoumis: Ampelokipoi, Germas, Kostarazi, Militsa and Vogatsiko

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Αποτελέσματα Απογραφής Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2021, Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός κατά οικισμό" [Results of the 2021 Population - Housing Census, Permanent population by settlement] (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 29 March 2024.
  2. ^ "Name Changes of Settlements in Greece: Chroupista – Argos Orestiko". Pandektis. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  3. ^ Public Domain Smith, William, ed. (1854). "Argos Oresticum". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. Vol. 1. London: John Murray.
  4. ^ Strabo, "Geography", 7.7.8:"It is said that Orestes once took possession of Orestias—when is, exile on account of the murder of his mother—and left the country bearing his name; and that he also founded a city and called it Argos Oresticum."
  5. ^ "Argos Orestikon Project". Archived from the original on 2018-02-28. Retrieved 2016-10-25.
  6. ^ a b c Veremis, Thanos; Koliopoulos, John S. (2006). Ελλάς. Η σύγχρονη συνέχεια: από το 1821 μέχρι σήμερα (in Greek). Kastaniotis Editions. p. 85. ISBN 978-960-03-4246-8.
  7. ^ Destani, Bejtullah D. (2003). Ethnic Minorities in the Balkan States, 1860-1971. Vol. 1. Cambridge Archive Editions (published 2019). pp. 333–334. ISBN 978-1-78806-650-1.
  8. ^ Dragoumis, Ion (2000). Petsivas, Giorgos (ed.). Τα τετράδια του Ίλιντεν (in Greek). Ekdoseis Petsiva. p. 221. ISBN 978-960-90010-3-8.
  9. ^ Minov, Nikola (2012). "The war of numbers and its first victim: the Aromanians in Macedonia (end of 19th – beginning of 20th century)" (PDF). Macedonian Historical Review. 3. Ss. Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje: 153–192.
  10. ^ Stavridopoulos 2015, p. 269.
  11. ^ Cholevas, Ioannis K. (1999). Οι Έλληνες σλαβόφωνοι της Μακεδονίας (in Greek). Πελάσγος. p. 279. ISBN 978-960-522-020-4.
  12. ^ a b c d Pelagidis, Efstathios (1992). Η αποκατάσταση των προσφύγων στη Δυτική Μακεδονία (1923-1930) [The rehabilitation of refugees in Western Macedonia: 1923-1930] (Ph.D.) (in Greek). Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. p. 76. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
  13. ^ Stavridopoulos, Ioannis (2015). Μνημεία του άλλου: η διαχείριση της οθωμανικής πολιτιστική κληρονομιάς της Μακεδονίας από το 1912 έως σήμερα [Monuments of the other: The management of the Ottoman cultural heritage of Macedonia from 1912 until present] (Ph.D.) (in Greek). University of Ioannina. pp. 269–270. Retrieved 28 March 2022.
  14. ^ Alvanos 2005, p. 518.
  15. ^ Alvanos, Raymondos (2005). Κοινωνικές συγκρούσεις και πολιτικές συμπεριφορές στην περιοχή της Καστοριάς (1922–1949) [Social conflicts and political behaviors in the area of Kastoria (1922–1949)] (Ph.D.) (in Greek). Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. p. 515. Retrieved 16 June 2024. "Άργος Ορεστικό, Πληθυσμός: 4100, Σλαυόφωνοι: 1370"
  16. ^ a b "ΦΕΚ B 1292/2010, Kallikratis reform municipalities" (in Greek). Government Gazette.
  17. ^ "Μετονομασία του Δήμου Ορεστίδος σε Δήμο Άργους Ορεστικού" (PDF) (in Greek). Government Gazette. 22 May 2013.
  18. ^ "Population & housing census 2001 (incl. area and average elevation)" (PDF) (in Greek). National Statistical Service of Greece. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-21.
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