List of ambassadors of the United States to Russia

Ambassador of the United States of America to the Russian Federation
Ambassador of the United States of America to the Russian Federation
Посол Соединëнных Штатов в России
	Seal of the United States Department of State
	Incumbent; Lynne Tracy; since January 30, 2023
Residence	Spaso House
Nominator	President of the United States
Appointer	President of the United States; with Senate advice and consent
Inaugural holder	Francis Dana; as Ambassador
Formation	December 19, 1789; 234 years ago
Website	U.S. Embassy in Moscow

The ambassador of the United States of America to the Russian Federation is the ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary from the United States of America to the Russian Federation. Since January 30, 2023, Lynne M. Tracy is serving as the ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary.

History

The United States first established diplomatic relations with the Russian Empire in 1780. Diplomatic relations were broken off in 1917 when the Bolsheviks seized power, and they were not reestablished until 1933. From 1933 to 1991, the United States recognized the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the ambassador's title was changed to Ambassador to the Russian Federation, as Russia is the USSR's direct successor.

List of ambassadors

Russian Empire (1780–1917)

Name	Appointment	Presentation	Termination	Notes
Francis Dana	December 19, 1780		September 1783	Proceeded to post, but was not officially nominated at court.
John Quincy Adams	June 27, 1809	November 5, 1809	April 28, 1814	Nomination of March 6, 1809 rejected by the Senate; nomination of June 26, 1809 confirmed.
William Pinkney	March 7, 1816	January 13, 1817	February 14, 1818
George Washington Campbell	April 16, 1818	February 7, 1819	July 8, 1820
Henry Middleton	April 6, 1820	June 17, 1821	August 3, 1830
John Randolph	May 26, 1830		September 19, 1830	Proceeded to post, but did not present credentials.
James Buchanan	January 4, 1832	June 11, 1832	August 5, 1833
William Wilkins	June 30, 1834	December 14, 1834	December 24, 1835
John Randolph Clay	June 29, 1836	September 2, 1836	August 5, 1837
George M. Dallas	March 7, 1837	August 6, 1837	July 29, 1839
Churchill C. Cambreleng	May 25, 1840	September 21, 1840	July 13, 1841	Commissioned not of record; letter of credence issued on May 25, 1840.
Charles Stewart Todd	August 27, 1841	November 28, 1841	January 27, 1846
Ralph I. Ingersoll	August 8, 1846	May 30, 1847	July 1, 1848
Arthur P. Bagby	June 15, 1848	January 14, 1849	May 14, 1849
Neill S. Brown	May 2, 1850	August 13, 1850	June 23, 1853
Thomas H. Seymour	May 24, 1853	April 2, 1854	July 17, 1858	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 6, 1853.
Francis W. Pickens	January 11, 1858	July 18, 1858	September 9, 1860
John Appleton	June 8, 1860	September 9, 1860	June 8, 1861
Cassius Marcellus Clay	March 28, 1861	July 14, 1861	June 25, 1862
Simon Cameron	January 17, 1862	June 25, 1862	September 18, 1862
Cassius Marcellus Clay	March 11, 1863	May 7, 1863	October 1, 1869
Andrew G. Curtin	April 16, 1869	October 28, 1869	July 1, 1872
James Lawrence Orr	December 12, 1872	March 18, 1873	May 6, 1873
Marshall Jewell	May 29, 1873	December 9, 1873	July 19, 1874	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 10, 1873.
George H. Boker	January 13, 1875	July 24, 1875	January 14, 1878
Edwin W. Stoughton	October 30, 1877	January 14, 1878	March 2, 1879
John W. Foster	January 26, 1880	June 11, 1880	August 1, 1881
William H. Hunt	April 12, 1882	August 23, 1882	February 27, 1884	Died at post.
Alphonso Taft	July 4, 1884	September 3, 1884	July 31, 1885
George V. N. Lothrop	May 7, 1885	July 31, 1885	August 1, 1888	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 13, 1886.
Lambert Tree	September 25, 1888	January 4, 1889	February 2, 1889
C. Allen Thorndike Rice	March 30, 1889			Took oath of office, but died in the United States before proceeding to post.
Charles Emory Smith	February 14, 1890	May 14, 1890	April 17, 1892
Andrew D. White	July 22, 1892	November 7, 1892	October 1, 1894
Clifton R. Breckinridge	July 20, 1894	November 1, 1894	December 10, 1897	Officially recognized on November 1, 1894.
Ethan A. Hitchcock	August 16, 1897	December 16, 1897		Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 18, 1897.
Ethan A. Hitchcock	February 11, 1898	March 21, 1898	January 28, 1899	Position upgraded to Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary.
Charlemagne Tower, Jr.	January 12, 1899	March 19, 1899	November 19, 1902
Robert S. McCormick	September 26, 1902	January 12, 1903	March 27, 1905	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on December 8, 1902.
George von Lengerke Meyer	March 8, 1905	April 12, 1905	January 26, 1907
John W. Riddle	December 19, 1906	February 8, 1907	September 8, 1909
William Woodville Rockhill	May 17, 1909	January 11, 1910	June 17, 1911
Curtis Guild	April 24, 1911	August 17, 1911	April 24, 1913
George T. Marye	July 9, 1914	October 30, 1914	March 29, 1916	Resigned due to poor health.^[1]
David R. Francis	March 6, 1916	May 5, 1916	November 7, 1917	Normal relations interrupted, November 7, 1917 after the October Revolution; the new Soviet regime unrecognized by the United States when Francis left Russia on November 7, 1918. He was serving as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim when Embassy in Russia was closed September 14, 1919.

Soviet Union (1933–1991)

Name	Appointment	Presentation	Termination	Notes
William Christian Bullitt, Jr.	November 21, 1933	December 13, 1933	May 16, 1936	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 15, 1934.
Joseph E. Davies	November 16, 1936	January 25, 1937	June 11, 1938	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on January 23, 1937.
Laurence A. Steinhardt	March 23, 1939	August 11, 1939	November 12, 1941
William H. Standley	February 14, 1942	April 14, 1942	September 19, 1943
W. Averell Harriman	October 7, 1943	October 23, 1943	January 24, 1946
Walter Bedell Smith	March 22, 1946	April 3, 1946	December 25, 1948
Alan G. Kirk	May 21, 1949	July 4, 1949	October 6, 1951
George F. Kennan	March 14, 1952	May 14, 1952	September 19, 1952	The Government of the Soviet Union declared Kennan persona non grata on October 3, 1952, and he did not return to his post.
Charles E. Bohlen	March 27, 1953	April 20, 1953	April 18, 1957
Llewellyn Thompson	June 3, 1957	July 16, 1957	July 27, 1962
Foy D. Kohler	August 20, 1962	September 27, 1962	November 14, 1966
Llewellyn Thompson	October 13, 1966	January 23, 1967	January 14, 1969
Jacob D. Beam	March 14, 1969	April 18, 1969	January 24, 1973	Adolph Dubs served as Chargé d'Affaires ad interim between January 1973 and March 1974.
Walter J. Stoessel, Jr.	December 19, 1973	March 4, 1974	September 13, 1976
Malcolm Toon	November 24, 1976	January 18, 1977	October 16, 1979	Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on June 8, 1977.
Thomas J. Watson, Jr.	October 10, 1979	October 29, 1979	January 15, 1981
Arthur A. Hartman	September 28, 1981	October 26, 1981	February 20, 1987
Jack F. Matlock, Jr.	March 12, 1987	April 6, 1987	August 11, 1991
Robert S. Strauss	August 2, 1991	August 24, 1991	November 19, 1992	Commissioned to the Soviet Union – continued to serve as Ambassador to the Russian Federation after the collapse of the USSR.

Russian Federation (1992–present)

Name	Appointment	Presentation	Termination	Notes
Thomas R. Pickering	May 12, 1993	May 21, 1993	November 1, 1996	Chargé d'Affaires ad interim: Richard M. Miles (November 1996–May 1997), and John F. Tefft (May 1997–January 1998).
James Franklin Collins	August 1, 1996	January 26, 1998	July 10, 2001
Alexander Vershbow	July 12, 2001	October 17, 2001	July 22, 2005
William J. Burns	August 10, 2005	November 8, 2005	May 12, 2008
John Beyrle	May 13, 2008	September 18, 2008	January 4, 2012
Michael McFaul	January 10, 2012	February 22, 2012	February 26, 2014
John F. Tefft	July 31, 2014	November 19, 2014	September 28, 2017	Anthony Godfrey, Chargé d'Affaires ad interim
Jon Huntsman Jr.	September 28, 2017	October 3, 2017	October 3, 2019
John J. Sullivan	December 12, 2019	February 5, 2020	September 4, 2022	Elizabeth Rood,Chargé d'Affaires ad interim
Lynne Tracy	December 21, 2022	January 30, 2023

Notes

^ "Ambassador Marye, Broken in Health Resigns". East Oregonian. Pendleton, Umatilla County, Oregon. February 23, 1916. Retrieved February 23, 2016.

References

United States Department of State: Background notes on Russia
This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.

External links

No URL found. Please specify a URL here or add one to Wikidata.
United States Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for Russia
United States Department of State: Russia
The Ambassadorial Series features in-depth interviews with nine former U.S. ambassadors to Russia and the Soviet Union. {Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey}

[Oregonian-1] "Ambassador Marye, Broken in Health Resigns". East Oregonian. Pendleton, Umatilla County, Oregon. February 23, 1916. Retrieved February 23, 2016.

[1]

v t e United States ambassadors to Russia
Russian Empire (1780–1917)	Dana Adams Pinkney Campbell Middleton Randolph Buchanan Wilkins J. Clay Dallas Cambreleng Todd Ingersoll Bagby Brown Seymour Pickens Appleton C. Clay Cameron C. Clay Curtin Orr Jewell Boker Stoughton Foster Hunt Taft Lothrop Tree C. Smith White Breckinridge Hitchcock Tower McCormick Meyer Riddle Rockhill Guild Marye Francis
Soviet Union (1933–1991)	Bullitt Davies Steinhardt Standley Harriman W. Smith Kirk Kennan Bohlen Thompson Kohler Thompson Beam Dubs Stoessel Toon Watson Hartman Matlock Strauss
Russian Federation (1991–present)	Strauss Pickering Collins Vershbow Burns Beyrle McFaul Tefft Huntsman Sullivan Tracy

v t e Ambassadors of the United States
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Suspended relations	Iran Syria
Defunct countries	Czechoslovakia East Germany Hawaii North Yemen Ottoman Empire Prussia South Vietnam South Yemen Soviet Union Tanganyika Two Sicilies United Arab Republic Texas Yugoslavia
Other places	Curaçao Hong Kong and Macau Jerusalem Taiwan
International organizations	AU APEC ASEAN SAARC CD EU ICAO NATO OAS OECD OIC OPCW OSCE UN UNESCO UNEP UN Food and Agriculture UNVIE UN in Geneva UN Human Rights WTO
Ambassadors-at-large	Arctic Counterterrorism Global Women's Issues International Religious Freedom Global Criminal Justice Trafficking in Persons AIDS Antisemitism
Ambassadors by President	Donald Trump Joe Biden
Other	Women LGBT

v t e Russia–United States relations
Diplomatic posts	Embassy of Russia, Washington, D.C. Ambassadors of Russia to the United States Russian ambassador's residence Embassy of the United States, Moscow Ambassadors of the United States to Russia Spaso House Consulate-General of Russia, Houston Consulate-General of Russia, New York City John Henry Hammond House Consulate-General of Russia, San Francisco Elmcroft Estate Lothrop Mansion Pioneer Point Permanent Mission of Russia to the United Nations Killenworth Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs
Diplomacy	Operation Provide Hope 1998 Moscow Summit 2001 Slovenia Summit 2005 Slovakia Summit 5+2 format Russian reset Obama–Medvedev Commission Syrian civil war U.S.–Russia peace proposals Destruction of Syria's chemical weapons 2017 St. Petersburg raid 2018 Helsinki summit 2021 Geneva summit Arctic Council Arctic Ocean Conference Ilulissat Declaration Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission The U.S. Russia Investment Fund U.S.–Russia Joint Commission on POW/MIAs Moscow–Washington hotline Shuttle–Mir program Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action 2024 Ankara prisoner exchange RIMPAC International Space Station
Incidents	Kildin Island submarine incident Kola Peninsula submarine incident Norwegian rocket incident Strait of Juan de Fuca laser incident Itar-Tass Russian News Agency v. Russian Kurier, Inc. Kidnapping of Mormon missionaries Pristina airport incident Russian Guantanamo Bay detainees RM Broadcasting Illegals Program Stephen Holmes European Deterrence Initiative Operation Atlantic Resolve Russian interference in United States elections 2016 Links between Trump associates and Russian officials Steele dossier Maria Butina 2018 2020 2024 Donald Trump's disclosures of classified information Havana syndrome Zersetzung Battle of Khasham Poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal Arrest of Trevor Reed Russian bounty program Viktor Bout–Brittney Griner prisoner exchange Black Sea drone incident Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War 2022–2023 Pentagon document leaks Lady R incident 2024 Tenet Media investigation
Legislation	Jackson–Vanik amendment Russian foreign agent law Magnitsky Act Dima Yakovlev Law Guantanamo List Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 Russian undesirable organizations law Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act Defending Elections from Threats by Establishing Redlines Act Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act Russian–Venezuelan Threat Mitigation Act Task Force KleptoCapture Executive Order 14071
Treaties	START II START III Mutual detargeting Megatons to Megawatts Program Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty New START
Related	Russian Empire–United States relations Soviet Union–United States relations NATO–Russia relations Anti-American sentiment in Russia Bush legs Center on Global Interests Congress of Russian Americans Anglo-American School of Moscow United States military and prostitution in South Korea Russian Mission School in New York Russian Embassy School in Washington, D.C. Russian Cultural Center International Launch Services U.S. Russia Foundation U.S.–Russia Business Council Stanford US–Russia Forum Space Flight Europe-America 500 Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition Territorial claims in the Arctic United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine New Great Game Second Cold War Not One Inch
Category

v t e Soviet Union–United States relations
Diplomatic posts	Embassy of the Soviet Union, Washington, D.C. Ambassadors of the Soviet Union to the United States Soviet ambassador's residence Embassy of the United States, Moscow Ambassadors of the United States to the Soviet Union Spaso House Consulate-General of the Soviet Union, New York City John Henry Hammond House Consulate-General of the Soviet Union, San Francisco Elmcroft Estate Lothrop Mansion Pioneer Point Permanent Mission of the Soviet Union to the United Nations Killenworth Russian Soviet Government Bureau Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs
Diplomacy	Lend-Lease Lend-Lease Sherman tanks Moscow Conference (1941) Moscow Conference (1942) Moscow Conference (1943) Declaration of the Four Nations Moscow Conference (1944) Yalta Conference Potsdam Conference Tehran Conference Moscow Conference (1945) Stalin Note Berlin Conference (1954) Geneva Summit (1955) Lacy-Zarubin Agreement United States restitution to the Soviet Union State visit by Nikita Khrushchev to the United States United Nations Security Council Resolution 135 Dartmouth Conference Vienna summit Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament Moscow–Washington hotline Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Glassboro Summit Conference Détente Linkage Bion program Kosmos 782 Kosmos 936 Kosmos 1129 Kosmos 1514 Kosmos 1667 Kosmos 1887 Kosmos 2044 TOPAZ nuclear reactor Moscow Summit (1972) Washington Summit (1973) 1973 United States–Soviet Union wheat deal Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions Geneva Conference (1973) Moscow Summit (1974) Vladivostok Summit Meeting on Arms Control NATO Double-Track Decision Zero Option Geneva Summit (1985) Reykjavík Summit Washington Summit (1987) Geneva Accords (1988) Moscow Summit (1988) Governors Island Summit US/USSR Joint Statement on Uniform Acceptance of Rules of International Law Governing Innocent Passage Malta Summit Helsinki Summit (1990) Madrid peace conference letter of invitation European Advisory Commission Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls Council for American–Soviet Trade Council of Foreign Ministers
Cold War	Origins Timeline 1947–1948 1948–1953 1953–1962 1962–1979 1979–1985 1985–1991 Espionage Cold War in Asia Cold War tensions and the polio vaccine Nuclear arms race Space Race Timeline United States war plans (1945–1950) U.S. Army Field Manual 30-31B American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation Active Measures Working Group Air-to-air combat losses between the Soviet Union and the United States CIA activities in the Soviet Union Containment Rollback Red Scare The Moscow rules Seven Days to the River Rhine Sheldon names Strategic Defense Initiative United States aerial reconnaissance of the Soviet Union Bomber gap Missile gap NSC 68 Smolensk Archive Soviet Military Power Operation Shocker Plan Totality Nitrophenyl pentadienal Venona project Operation Anadyr Operation Breakthrough Operation Cedar Operation Chrome Dome Operation Cyclone Operation Dropshot Operation Giant Lance Operation Gold Operation Denver Operation Ivy Bells Operation Keelhaul Operation Lincoln Operation Monopoly Operation RYAN Operation Safe Haven (1957) Operation Sunrise 7th Air Escadrille Project Azorian Project Coldfeet Project Dark Gene Project Genetrix Project Grab Bag Project HOMERUN Project Moby Dick Project Mogul Project Hula
Incidents	Sisson Documents Turkish Straits crisis Welles Declaration Gorin v. United States Atomic spies Baruch Plan Iran crisis of 1946 Niš incident Berlin Blockade Kasenkina Case Shostakovich v. Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corp. Hollow Nickel Case Moscow Signal Capture of the Tuapse We will bury you Kuzma's mother Sputnik crisis Berlin Crisis of 1958–1959 1958 C-130 shootdown incident 1960 U-2 incident 1960 RB-47 shootdown incident Transfermium Wars Arrest of Mark Kaminsky and Harvey Bennett Martin and Mitchell defection Shoe-banging incident Berlin Crisis of 1961 1961 F-84 Thunderstreak incident Cuban Missile Crisis Crateology SS Metallurg Anosov Ich bin ein Berliner 1964 T-39 shootdown incident Pan Am Flight 708 Seaboard World Airlines Flight 253A Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair Aeroflot Flight 244 Gambell incident Project Azorian Soviet submarine K-129 (1960) Feodor Fedorenko Siberian Seven United States grain embargo against the Soviet Union 1980 Summer Olympics boycott Yellow rain Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline Evil Empire speech Korean Air Lines Flight 007 1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident Able Archer 83 Autumn Forge 83 1984 Summer Olympics boycott We begin bombing in five minutes Arthur D. Nicholson John Anthony Walker 1986 Black Sea incident Soviet submarine K-219 Karl Linnas Tear down this wall! Yeniseysk-15 1988 Black Sea bumping incident Chicken Kiev speech
Military relations	Allied Control Council Allied Kommandatura Allied technological cooperation during World War II ALSIB Arctic convoys of World War II Berlin Victory Parade of 1945 Elbe Day Four Policemen Four Power Naval Commission Four-Power Authorities GIUK gap Line of Contact Military liaison missions Northwest Staging Route Pacific Route Persian Corridor Persian Gulf Command Warsaw airlift Tripartite Naval Commission Eisenhower Doctrine Truman Doctrine Reagan Doctrine Stimson Doctrine Bell P-63 Kingcobra Belorussia-class cargo ship SS Dakotan SS Indigirka SS Iowan Tupolev Tu-4 Tupolev Tu-70 Tupolev Tu-80 USCGC Southwind USS West Bridge United States and the Russian Revolution American Expeditionary Force, North Russia American Expeditionary Force, Siberia North Russia intervention Siberian intervention
Legislation	Russian Famine Relief Act Executive Order 8484 Jackson–Vanik amendment Soviet Nuclear Threat Reduction Act of 1991 Former Soviet Union Demilitarization Act of 1992 FRIENDSHIP Act of 1993
Treaties	Moscow Declarations Potsdam Agreement Wanfried agreement McCloy–Zorin Accords Outer Space Treaty Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space Four Power Agreement on Berlin Agreement Concerning Cooperation in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space for Peaceful Purposes U.S.–Soviet Incidents at Sea agreement Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty Agreement on the Prevention of Nuclear War Threshold Test Ban Treaty Strategic Arms Limitation Talks National technical means of verification Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty 1990 Chemical Weapons Accord USSR–USA Maritime Boundary Agreement Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany START I Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
Organizations	American Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia Ark Project American National Exhibition Kitchen Debate American Peace Mobilization American Relief Administration American Russian Institute American University speech American–Soviet friendship movement American-Soviet Peace Walks Amerika (magazine) Amtorg Trading Corporation And you are lynching Negroes Androgynous Peripheral Attach System Anglo-American School of Moscow Anglo-American School of St. Petersburg Ansonia Clock Company Apollo–Soyuz Apollo-Soyuz (cigarette) Center for Citizen Initiatives Communist Party USA Dewey Commission Institute for US and Canadian Studies International Conference of Laser Applications International Cospas-Sarsat Programme International Publishers Kennan Institute Kersten Committee Freedom Sunday for Soviet Jews Friends of Soviet Russia Foundation for Social Inventions Gennady Alferenko Friendship Flight '89 Friendship Flight (Alaska Airlines) Fund for Armenian Relief National Committee for a Free Europe National Council of American–Soviet Friendship Organization for Jewish Colonization in Russia Russian-American Industrial Corporation Russian War Relief Student Struggle for Soviet Jewry Society for Technical Aid to Soviet Russia Soviet Government Purchasing Commission in the U.S. U.S. Commission on the Ukraine Famine U.S. Peace Council
Related	Russian Empire–United States relations Russia–United States relations Russian Embassy School in Washington, D.C. 1972 Olympic men's basketball final 1976 Philadelphia Flyers–Red Army game Baltic Freedom Day Bush legs Captive Nations Captive Nations Week GAZ Goodwill Games Glasnost Bowl Little Joe Miracle on Ice New world order (politics) Pushinka Refusenik SAGE Self-propelled barge T-36 Shvetsov M-25 Super Series Sovereignty of Puerto Rico during the Cold War Sovfoto Triangular diplomacy U.S.–Soviet Space Bridge US vs. USSR radio chess match 1945 USA–USSR Track and Field Dual Meet Series Uzel White Coke World Chess Championship 1972 X Article Yardymly Russian Life Soviet Interview Project Soviet submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Comparison of the AK-47 and M16 Bobby Fischer Georgi Bolshakov Samantha Smith Roswell Garst Suzanne Massie Who's Who in the CIA Eagles East The Admiral's Daughter Deep Black The Extraordinary Adventures of Mr. West in the Land of the Bolsheviks Stalingrad Free to Be... a Family "In Soviet Georgia" Red Wave "Ordinary People"
Category:Soviet Union–United States relations