Shiva hypothesis: Difference between revisions
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==Similar theories== |
==Similar theories== |
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Alternatively, the Sun's passage through the higher density spiral arms of the galaxy could coincide with mass extinction on Earth |
Alternatively, the Sun's passage through the higher density spiral arms of the galaxy could coincide with mass extinction on Earth.<ref name="extinction">{{Cite journal |last1=Gillman |first1=M. |last2=Erenler |first2=H. |title=The galactic cycle of extinction |journal=[[International Journal of Astrobiology]] |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=17–26 |date=2008 |doi=10.1017/S1473550408004047|bibcode=2008IJAsB...7...17G |url=http://oro.open.ac.uk/11603/1/S1473550408004047a.pdf |citeseerx=10.1.1.384.9224}}</ref> |
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However, a reanalysis of the effects of the Sun's transit through the spiral structure based on CO data has failed to find a correlation.<ref>Overholt, A. C.; Melott, A. L.; Pohl, M. (2009). "Testing the link between terrestrial climate change and galactic spiral arm transit". The Astrophysical Journal. 705 (2): L101–L103. arXiv:0906.2777. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705L.101O. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/L101. S2CID 734824.</ref> |
However, a reanalysis of the effects of the Sun's transit through the spiral structure based on CO data has failed to find a correlation.<ref>Overholt, A. C.; Melott, A. L.; Pohl, M. (2009). "Testing the link between terrestrial climate change and galactic spiral arm transit". The Astrophysical Journal. 705 (2): L101–L103. arXiv:0906.2777. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705L.101O. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/L101. S2CID 734824.</ref> |
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Revision as of 03:44, 20 December 2020
The Shiva Hypothesis, previously known as coherent catostrophism, is the idea that global natural catostrophes on Earth, such as extinction events, happen at regular intervals because of the periodic motion of the Sun in relation to the Milky Way galaxy.
Initial proposal in 1979
William Napier (astronomer) and Victor Clube in their 1979 Nature Magazine article, 'A Theory of Terrestrial Catastrophism',[1] proposed the idea that gravitational disturbances caused by the Solar System crossing the plane of the Milky Way galaxy are enough to disturb comets in the Oort cloud surrounding the Solar System. This sends comets in towards the inner Solar System, which raises the chance of an impact. According to the hypothesis, this results in the Earth experiencing large impact events about every 30 million years (such as the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event).
Later work by Rampino
Starting in 1984, Michael R. Rampino published followup research on the hypothesis. Certainly Rampino was aware of Napier and Clube's earlier publication, as Rampino and Stothers' letter to Nature Magazine in 1984 references it.[2]
In the 1990s, Rampino and Bruce Haggerty renamed Napier and Clube's Theory of Terrestrial Catstrophism after Shiva, the Hindu god of destruction.[3] In 2020, Rampino and colleagues published non-marine evidence corroborating previous marine evidence in support of the Shiva hypothesis.[4]
Similar theories
Alternatively, the Sun's passage through the higher density spiral arms of the galaxy could coincide with mass extinction on Earth.[5] However, a reanalysis of the effects of the Sun's transit through the spiral structure based on CO data has failed to find a correlation.[6]
The Shiva Hypothesis may have inspired yet another theory: that a brown dwarf named Nemesis causes extinctions every 26 million years, which varies slightly from 30 million years.[citation needed]
Popular culture
There is a blackened death metal band from The Netherlands called The Shiva Hypothesis.
See also
References
- ^ Napier, WM; Clube, SVM (1979). "A theory of terrestrial catastrophism". Nature. 282 (5738): 455–459. Bibcode:1979Natur.282..455N. doi:10.1038/282455a0. S2CID 35238984.
- ^ Rampino, Michael R; Stothers, Richard B (1984). "Terrestrial mass extinctions, cometary impacts and the Sun's motion perpendicular to the galactic plane". Nature. 308 (5961): 709–712. Bibcode:1984Natur.308..709R. doi:10.1038/308709a0. S2CID 4256690.
- ^ Rampino, Michael R.; Haggerty, Bruce M. (February 1996). "The ?Shiva Hypothesis?: Impacts, mass extinctions, and the galaxy". Earth, Moon, and Planets. 72 (1–3): 441–460. Bibcode:1996EM&P...72..441R. doi:10.1007/BF00117548. S2CID 189901526.
- ^ Rampino, Michael et al. “A 27.5-My underlying periodicity detected in extinction episodes of non-marine tetrapods”, Historical Biology (December 2020).
- ^ Gillman, M.; Erenler, H. (2008). "The galactic cycle of extinction" (PDF). International Journal of Astrobiology. 7 (1): 17–26. Bibcode:2008IJAsB...7...17G. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.384.9224. doi:10.1017/S1473550408004047.
- ^ Overholt, A. C.; Melott, A. L.; Pohl, M. (2009). "Testing the link between terrestrial climate change and galactic spiral arm transit". The Astrophysical Journal. 705 (2): L101–L103. arXiv:0906.2777. Bibcode:2009ApJ...705L.101O. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/705/2/L101. S2CID 734824.
External links
- Napier and Clube's 1979 article "A Theory of Terrestrial Catastrophism"
- A description of the Shiva hypothesis by Michael Rampino
- Asteroid/Comet Impact Craters and Mass Extinctions and Shiva Hypothesis of Periodic Mass Extinctions, by Michael Paine
- The "Shiva Hypothesis": Impacts, Mass Extinctions, and the Galaxy, by Rampino and Haggerty
- The Shiva hypothesis: impacts, mass extinctions, and the Galaxy, by Rampino, M. R.
- The correlation between mas extinctions and impacts of near-Earth objects. The review of Shiva hypothesis, by Yang Su, Yi Xia and Yanan Zhang.
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