Marwan I: Difference between revisions
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[[Shi'a]] hold that none of the Umayyad caliphs were legitimate. See [[Succession to Muhammad]] for more details. |
[[Shi'a]] hold that none of the Umayyad caliphs were legitimate. See [[Succession to Muhammad]] for more details. |
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== His family tree == |
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{{familytree/start|style=font-size:100%;}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | | | | | | | | | KUR | | | | | | | | | |KUR='''[[Quraysh tribe]]'''| | | | | | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | | | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | | | | | | | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | | | | | | | | | AMK |~|~|y|~|~| ATM |AMK=[[Abd Manaf ibn Qusai]]|ATM=[[Atikah bint Murrah|Ātikah bint Murrah]]}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | ASH | | BAR | | MUT | | HAL | | HSM |y| SLM | | | | | | |ASH=[[Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf|‘Abd Shams]]|HSM=[[Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf|Hashim]]|MUT=[[Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf|Muṭṭalib]]|HAL=Hala|BAR=Barra|SLM=[[Salma bint Amr]]}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | |:| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | UMY | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | MTL | | | | | | | | | |AMN=[[ʿÂmine]]|KLD=Kalde|NEF=Nevfel|HVY=Huveylid|UMY=[[Umayya ibn Abd Shams]]|MTL=[[Abdul-Muttalib|‘Abd al-Muttalib]]}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| HRB | | | | ALA | | | | | AMN |y| ALH | | TLB | | HMZ | | ABS | |HTB=Hattâb|ALK=Alkame|VRK=Varaka|HTC=[[Hatice bint Hüveylid]]|AVM=Avvâm|HRB=Harb|ALA=[[Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah|Abu al-'As]]|AMN=[[Aminah|ʿĀminah]]|ALH=[[Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib|ʿAbd Allāh]]|TLB=[[Abu Talib ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Abî Ṭâlib]]|HMZ=[[Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib|Hamza]]|ABS=[[Al-‘Abbas ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib|Al-‘Abbas]]}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| |!| | | |,|-|+|-|.| | | | |,|-|'| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| ESF | | HKM |!| AFN | | | MHM |y| HTC | | ALI |y| HBC | | ABA | |ABA=[[Abd Allah ibn Abbas|ʿAbd Allâh]]|OMR=[[Ömer bin Hattab|Ömer]]|EBK=[[Ebu Bekir]]|HRS=Hâris|ZBY=[[Zübeyr bin Avvam|Zübeyr]]|ESF=[[Abu Sufyan ibn Harb|ʾAbī Sufyān ibn Harb]]|HKM=[[Al-Hakam ibn Abi al-'As|Al-Hakam]]|AFN=[[Affan ibn Abi al-'As]]|MHM=[[Muhammad|'''MUHAMMAD''']]<br /><small>''([[Family tree of Muhammad|Family tree ]])''</small>|HTC=[[Khadija bint Khuwaylid]]|ALI=[[Ali|`Alî al-Mûrtdhā]]|HBC=[[Khawlah bint Ja'far]]}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| |!| | | |!| |!| |!| | | | |!| |`|-|.| | | |:| |`|-|.| | | |!| | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| MVY | | MRV |!| OSM |~|~| RKY | | FTM |y|~|J| | | MHM | | AAB | | |HFS=Hafsa|AYS=[[Ayşe bint Ebu Bekir|Ayşe]]|ESM=[[Esma bint Ebu Bekir|Esma]]|NDR=Nadr|URV=Urve|ABD=[[Abdullah bin Zübeyr]]|MVY=[[Muawiyah I|Muʿāwiyah]]|MRV=[[Marwan I]]|OSM=[[Uthman ibn Affan]]|RKY=[[Ruqayyah bint Muhammad|Ruqayyah]]|FTM=[[Fatima Zahra]]|ALI=[[Ali el-Mûrtezâ]]|HBC=[[Havlet bint Câ'fer]]|AAB=ʿAli bin ʿAbd Allâh|MHM=[[Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah]]}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |:| | | |!| | | |}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| EMV | | | | UEA | | | | | | | | | HSN | | HSY | | KEY | | MEİ | | |MEİ=Muhammad '''"al-Imâm"''' ''([[Abbasids]])''|EMV=[[Umayyad family tree|Umayyad]] [[Umayyad|Caliphate]]|UEA=[[Uthman ibn Abu-al-Aas]]|HSN=[[Hasan bin Ali| |
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Hasan al-Mûjtabâ]]|HSY=[[Husayn bin Ali]] <br /><small>''([[Family tree of Husayn ibn Ali|Family tree]])''</small>|KEY=[[Mukhtar al-Thaqafi|al-Mukhtār ibn Abī ‘Ubayd Allah al-Thaqafī]]<br/>''(Abû‘Amra`[[Kaysanites Shia|Kaysan]]’îyyah)''}} |
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{{familytree|boxstyle=background:LightBlue;| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}} |
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{{familytree/end}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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Revision as of 19:36, 13 June 2014
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| Marwan I مروان بن الحکم | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4thCaliph of the Umayyad dynasty Umayyad Caliph in Damascus | |||||
| Reign | 684–685 | ||||
| Predecessor | Muawiya II | ||||
| Successor | Abd al-Malik | ||||
| Born | March 28, 623 | ||||
| Died | May 7, 685 | ||||
| |||||
| Dynasty | Umayyad | ||||
| Father | Hakam ibn Wa'il | ||||
Marwan ibn al-Hakam ibn Abu al-'As ibn Umayyah (623 – 7 May 685) (Arabic: مروان بن الحكم بن ابو العاص بن أمية) was the fourth Umayyad Caliph, and the cousin of Uthman ibn Affan, who took over the dynasty after Muawiya II abdicated in 684. Marwan's ascension pointed to a shift in the lineage of the Umayyad dynasty from descendants of Abu Sufyan (the "Sufyanids") to those of Hakam (the "Marwanids"), both of whom were grandsons of Umayya (for whom the Umayyad dynasty is named). Hakam was also the uncle of Uthman ibn Affan.
During the "Battle of the Camel" Marwan ibn al-Hakam is said to have shot his general Talhah with an arrow to the thigh, resulting in his death. Marwan killed Talhah in revenge for his alleged betrayal of the third Caliph, Uthman. He was removed from this position by Ali, only to be reappointed by Muawiya I. Marwan was eventually removed from the city when Abdullah ibn Zubayr rebelled against Yazid I. From here, Marwan went to Damascus, where he was made the caliph after Muawiya II abdicated.
Marwan's short reign was marked by a civil war among the Syrian Arabs as well as a war against Abdullah ibn Zubayr who continued to rule over the Hejaz, Iraq, Egypt and parts of Syria. Marwan was able to prevail in Syria at the Battle of Marj Rahit, the result of which was a new Marwanid line of Umayyad caliphs. He was also able to recapture Egypt and Syria from Abdullah, but was not able to completely defeat him.
Shi'a hold that none of the Umayyad caliphs were legitimate. See Succession to Muhammad for more details.
His family tree
References
External links
| Caliphs of Damascus (661–750) |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Emirs of Córdoba (756–929) | ||
| Caliphs of Córdoba (929–1031) |
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[H] indicates Hammudid usurpers | ||