Willow River (St. Croix River tributary): Difference between revisions
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[[File:Willow River Gorge.jpg|thumb|right|The lower reaches of the Willow River in [[Willow River State Park]]]] |
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'''Willow River''' is a river in [[St. Croix County, Wisconsin|St. Croix County]], [[Wisconsin]], [[United States]] and a [[tributary]] of the [[St. Croix River (Wisconsin-Minnesota)|St. Croix River]]. Its [[Source (river or stream)|headwaters]] are found near the village of [[Nigger Park, Wisconsin|Deer Park]] (near the northern border of the county) ({{coor dms|45|10|35|N|92|20|02|W|city}}). The river dumps into the lower St. Croix river in beween [[Hudson, Wisconsin|Hudson]] and [[North Hudson, Wisconsin|North Hudson]] ({{coor dms|44|59|18|N|92|45|46|W|city}}). |
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The '''Willow River''' is a {{convert|61.1|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}}<ref name=NHD>U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. [http://viewer.nationalmap.gov/viewer/ The National Map], accessed October 5, 2012</ref> river in [[St. Croix County, Wisconsin|St. Croix County]], [[Wisconsin]], United States, and a [[tributary]] of the [[St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)|St. Croix River]]. Its [[river source|source]] is in southern [[Polk County, Wisconsin|Polk County]] east of the village of [[Clear Lake, Wisconsin|Clear Lake]]. The river at one time flowed unobstructed into the lower St. Croix River between [[Hudson, Wisconsin|Hudson]] and [[North Hudson, Wisconsin|North Hudson]] ({{coord|44|59|18|N|92|45|46|W|type:city}}). However a dam was built to block off its mouth, a narrow channel was cut above the dam to the St. Croix River, the channel was dammed, and a mill was built to exploit the head of water that the two dams created.<ref name="ReferenceA">See [[United States v. Willow River Power Co.]]</ref> Subsequently, the Willow River Power Company built a hydroelectric facility to utilize the same head of water, but the head was substantially decreased when the United States built the Red Wing Dam {{convert|30|mi|km}} downstream on the [[Mississippi River]].<ref name="ReferenceA" /> |
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The river |
The river winds back and forth with a slow flowage. In its upper reaches it flows through the [[Cylon, Wisconsin|Cylon]] Marsh State Wildlife Area. It passes south of [[Deer Park, Wisconsin|Deer Park]] by about one mile. It then passes through [[New Richmond, Wisconsin|New Richmond]], [[Boardman, Wisconsin|Boardman]], and [[Burkhardt, Wisconsin|Burkhardt]]. Near Burkhardt it enters [[Willow River State Park]]. |
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The river can be navigated north of the unincorporated community of [[Burkhardt, Wisconsin|Burkhardt]]. River access is available at New Richmond's Nature Center. Each spring rainbow and [[brook trout]] are stocked at various locations along the river.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://dnr.wi.gov/topic/fishing/documents/trout/CatchableTrout2017.pdf|title=DNR Catchable-Size Trout Stocking, Spring 2017|last=|first=|date=|website=WI DNR|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> |
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The river is hardly [[canoe|canoed]] north of the town of Burkhardt due to fallen trees and [[Bar (landform)|sand bars]]. In times of low water it is nearly imposible to canoe the river. In the spring the high water in about 6 ft higher than the summer mean. Although it is posible to canoe or [[kayak]] the river is not advised. [[Trout]] fishing is general done down river from Boardman. |
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The status of the Willow River as a non-navigable stream figured in constitutional litigation over whether a head of water to which it contributed was a property interest for purposes of the [[Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fifth Amendment]], in ''[[United States v. Willow River Power Co.]]''.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/324/499/case.html|title=United States v. Willow River Power Co., 324 U.S. 499 (1945)|work=Justia Law|access-date=2018-01-08|language=en}}</ref> |
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== References == |
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{{Wisconsin-geo-stub}} |
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[[Category:Tributaries of the St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)]] |
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Latest revision as of 03:49, 11 May 2020
The Willow River is a 61.1-mile-long (98.3 km)[1] river in St. Croix County, Wisconsin, United States, and a tributary of the St. Croix River. Its source is in southern Polk County east of the village of Clear Lake. The river at one time flowed unobstructed into the lower St. Croix River between Hudson and North Hudson (44°59′18″N 92°45′46″W / 44.98833°N 92.76278°W). However a dam was built to block off its mouth, a narrow channel was cut above the dam to the St. Croix River, the channel was dammed, and a mill was built to exploit the head of water that the two dams created.[2] Subsequently, the Willow River Power Company built a hydroelectric facility to utilize the same head of water, but the head was substantially decreased when the United States built the Red Wing Dam 30 miles (48 km) downstream on the Mississippi River.[2]
The river winds back and forth with a slow flowage. In its upper reaches it flows through the Cylon Marsh State Wildlife Area. It passes south of Deer Park by about one mile. It then passes through New Richmond, Boardman, and Burkhardt. Near Burkhardt it enters Willow River State Park.
The river can be navigated north of the unincorporated community of Burkhardt. River access is available at New Richmond's Nature Center. Each spring rainbow and brook trout are stocked at various locations along the river.[3]
The status of the Willow River as a non-navigable stream figured in constitutional litigation over whether a head of water to which it contributed was a property interest for purposes of the Fifth Amendment, in United States v. Willow River Power Co..[4]
References
[edit]- ^ U.S. Geological Survey. National Hydrography Dataset high-resolution flowline data. The National Map, accessed October 5, 2012
- ^ a b See United States v. Willow River Power Co.
- ^ "DNR Catchable-Size Trout Stocking, Spring 2017" (PDF). WI DNR.
- ^ "United States v. Willow River Power Co., 324 U.S. 499 (1945)". Justia Law. Retrieved 2018-01-08.