Biblidinae: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Subfamily of the butterfly family Nymphalidae}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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| image = Royalblue1.jpg |
| image = Royalblue1.jpg |
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| authority = [[Jean Baptiste Boisduval|Boisduval]], 1833 |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Arthropod]]a |
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| classis = [[Insect]]a |
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| ordo = [[Lepidoptera]] |
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| unranked_superfamilia= [[Rhopalocera]] |
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| superfamilia = [[Papilionoidea]] |
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| familia = [[Nymphalidae]] |
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| subfamilia = '''Biblidinae''' |
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| subfamilia_authority = [[Boisduval]], 1833 |
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| subdivision = |
| subdivision = |
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Ageroniini<br /> |
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Biblidini<br /> |
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Callicorini<br /> |
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Epicaliini<br /> |
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Epiphilini<br /> |
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Eubagini |
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| synonyms = |
| synonyms = |
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Eurytelinae |
Eurytelinae |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Biblis hyperia MHNT dos.jpg|thumb|right| |
[[File:Biblis hyperia MHNT dos.jpg|thumb|right|Red rim (''[[Biblis hyperia]]'': Biblidini)]] |
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[[File: |
[[File:Little banner (Nica flavilla) underside Honduras.jpg|thumb|right|Little banner ''Nica flavilla'']] |
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[[File:PanaceaprocillaUns.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Panacea procilla]]'' specimen underside |
[[File:PanaceaprocillaUns.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Panacea procilla]]'': Ageroniini specimen underside]] |
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[[File:Dynamine athemon athemon MHNT ventre.jpg|thumb |
[[File:Dynamine athemon athemon MHNT ventre.jpg|thumb|''[[Dynamine athemon]]'': Eubagini]] |
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[[File:Diaethria clymena.jpg|thumb|''[[Diaethria clymena]]'', one of the eighty-eights formerly in ''"[[Catagramma]]"'' (now |
[[File:Diaethria clymena.jpg|thumb|''[[Diaethria clymena]]'', one of the eighty-eights formerly in ''"[[Catagramma]]"'' (now Callicorini)]] |
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'''Biblidinae''' is a [[subfamily]] of [[Nymphalidae|nymphalid]] [[ |
'''Biblidinae''' is a [[subfamily]] of [[Nymphalidae|nymphalid]] [[butterflies]] that includes the '''tropical brushfoots'''. This subfamily was sometimes merged within the [[Limenitidinae]], but they are now recognized as quite distinct lineages. In older literature, this subfamily is sometimes called '''Eurytelinae'''. |
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As of 2008, |
As of 2008, some 340 valid species are in this subfamily, placed in 38{{Verify source|date=March 2009}}<!-- one is missing in the list below --> genera. Most species of Biblidinae are [[Neotropical]], but there are some Old World species and genera in the tribes Biblidini and Epicaliini. |
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== Systematics == |
== Systematics == |
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The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable [[monophyletic]] group, at least since the "[[wastebin taxon|wastebin genus]]" '' |
The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable [[monophyletic]] group, at least since the "[[wastebin taxon|wastebin genus]]" ''[[Catagramma]]'' was dismantled around 1950. |
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The tribes, in the presumed [[phylogenetic]] sequence and with notable genera |
The tribes, in the presumed [[phylogenetic]] sequence and with notable genera also listed here, are:<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20090220094143/http://www.nymphalidae.net/Classification/Higher_class.htm The higher classification of Nymphalidae, at Nymphalidae.net]</ref> |
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{{clear|left}} |
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''' |
'''Biblidini''' <small>Boisduval, 1833</small> |
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* ''[[Biblis (butterfly)|Biblis]]'' <small>Fabricius, 1807</small> (= ''Zonaga'' |
* ''[[Biblis (butterfly)|Biblis]]'' <small>Fabricius, 1807</small> (= ''Zonaga'') |
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''[[Biblis hyperia]]'' CaribbJSci36:87. |
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--> |
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** ''[[Ariadne ariadne]]'' – [[Angled Castor]] |
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** ''[[Ariadne merione]]'' – [[Common Castor]] |
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* ''[[Laringa]]'' <small>Moore, 1901</small> |
* ''[[Laringa]]'' <small>Moore, 1901</small> |
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* ''[[Eurytela]]'' <small>Boisduval, 1833</small> |
* ''[[Eurytela]]'' <small>Boisduval, 1833</small> |
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* ''[[Mesoxantha]]'' <small>Aurivillius, 1898</small> |
* ''[[Mesoxantha]]'' <small>Aurivillius, 1898</small> |
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* ''[[Byblia]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Hypanis'' <small>Boisduval, 1833 (''non'' Pander in Menetries, 1832: [[Hypanis (bivalve)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
* ''[[Byblia]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Hypanis'' <small>Boisduval, 1833 (''non'' Pander in Menetries, 1832: [[Hypanis (bivalve)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
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** ''[[Byblia ilithyia]]'' – [[Byblia ilithyia|(Common) Joker]] |
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* ''[[Archimestra]]'' <small>Munroe, 1949</small> |
* ''[[Archimestra]]'' <small>Munroe, 1949</small> |
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* ''[[Vila (butterfly)|Vila]]'' <small>Kirby, 1871</small> (= ''Lonia''<!-- <small>d'Almeida, 1946</small> -->, ''Neptis'' <small>Hübner, 1819 (''non'' Fabricius, 1807: [[Neptis|preoccupied]])</small>, ''Olina'' <small>Doubleday, 1848 (''non'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: [[Olina (fly)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
* ''[[Vila (butterfly)|Vila]]'' <small>Kirby, 1871</small> (= ''Lonia''<!-- <small>d'Almeida, 1946</small> -->, ''Neptis'' <small>Hübner, 1819 (''non'' Fabricius, 1807: [[Neptis|preoccupied]])</small>, ''Olina'' <small>Doubleday, 1848 (''non'' Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: [[Olina (fly)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
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''' |
'''Epicaliini''' <small>Guenée, 1865</small> |
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* ''[[Catonephele]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
* ''[[Catonephele]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
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* ''[[Nessaea]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
* ''[[Nessaea]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
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<!-- |
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''[[Nessaea obrina]]'' |
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--> |
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<!-- |
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''[[Myscelia cyananthe]]'' |
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''[[Myscelia ethusa]]'' |
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--> |
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* ''[[Sevenia]]'' <small>Koçak, 1996</small> (= ''Crenis'' <small>Boisduval, 1833 (''non'' Hübner, 1821: [[Heliconius|preoccupied]])</small>, ''Sallya'' <small>Hemming, 1964 (''non'' Yochelson, 1956: [[Sallya|preoccupied]])</small>) |
* ''[[Sevenia]]'' <small>Koçak, 1996</small> (= ''Crenis'' <small>Boisduval, 1833 (''non'' Hübner, 1821: [[Heliconius|preoccupied]])</small>, ''Sallya'' <small>Hemming, 1964 (''non'' Yochelson, 1956: [[Sallya|preoccupied]])</small>) |
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**''[[Sevenia boisduvali]]'' - Boisduval's Tree Nymph |
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**''[[Sevenia morantii]]'' - Morant's Tree Nymph |
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**''[[Sevenia natalensis]]'' - Natal Tree Nymph |
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**''[[Sevenia rosa]]'' - Rosa's Tree Nymph |
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**''[[Sevenia trimeni]]'' - Trimen's Tree Nymph |
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* ''[[Eunica]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
* ''[[Eunica]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
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<!-- |
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''[[Eunica monima]]'' |
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''[[Eunica tatila]]'' |
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--> |
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* ''[[Cybdelis]]'' <small>Boisduval, 1836</small> |
* ''[[Cybdelis]]'' <small>Boisduval, 1836</small> |
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''' |
'''Ageroniini''' <small>Doubleday, 1847</small> |
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* ''[[Hamadryas (butterfly)|Hamadryas]]'' – cracker butterflies, calico butterflies |
* ''[[Hamadryas (butterfly)|Hamadryas]]'' – cracker butterflies, calico butterflies |
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* ''[[Ectima]]'' <small>Doubleday, 1848</small> |
* ''[[Ectima]]'' <small>Doubleday, 1848</small> |
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* ''[[Panacea (butterfly)|Panacea]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1883</small> (= ''Pandora'' <small>Doubleday, 1848 (''non'' Lamarck, 1799: [[Pandora (bivalve)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
* ''[[Panacea (butterfly)|Panacea]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1883</small> (= ''Pandora'' <small>Doubleday, 1848 (''non'' Lamarck, 1799: [[Pandora (bivalve)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
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* ''[[Batesia (butterfly)|Batesia]]'' <small>Felder & Felder, 1862</small |
* ''[[Batesia (butterfly)|Batesia]]'' <small>Felder & Felder, 1862</small> |
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''' |
'''Epiphilini''' <small>Jenkins, 1987</small> |
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* ''[[Asterope (butterfly)|Asterope]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
* ''[[Asterope (butterfly)|Asterope]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
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* ''[[Pyrrhogyra]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Corybas''<!-- Westwood 1850 & Boisduval 1870 -->) |
* ''[[Pyrrhogyra]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Corybas''<!-- Westwood 1850 & Boisduval 1870 -->) |
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* ''[[Epiphile]]'' <small>Doubleday, 1844</small><!-- = ''Epiphile'' Boisduval 1870 --> |
* ''[[Epiphile]]'' <small>Doubleday, 1844</small><!-- = ''Epiphile'' Boisduval 1870 --> |
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<!-- |
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''[[Epiphile adrasta]]'' |
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--> |
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* ''[[Lucinia]]'' <small>Hübner, 1823</small> (= ''Autodea''<!-- Westwood, 1850 (unavailable) -->) |
* ''[[Lucinia]]'' <small>Hübner, 1823</small> (= ''Autodea''<!-- Westwood, 1850 (unavailable) -->) |
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* ''[[Bolboneura]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1877</small> |
* ''[[Bolboneura]]'' <small>Godman & Salvin, 1877</small> |
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* ''[[Temenis]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Callicorina''<!-- Smart 1975 -->, ''Paromia'' <small>Hewitson, 1861 (''non'' Westwood, 1851: [[Paromia|preoccupied]])</small>)<!-- BiolJLinnSoc74:1. --> |
* ''[[Temenis]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Callicorina''<!-- Smart 1975 -->, ''Paromia'' <small>Hewitson, 1861 (''non'' Westwood, 1851: [[Paromia|preoccupied]])</small>)<!-- BiolJLinnSoc74:1. --> |
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* ''[[Nica (butterfly)|Nica]]'' <small>Hübner, 1826</small> (= ''Pseudonica''<!-- Kirby 1901 -->) |
* ''[[Nica (butterfly)|Nica]]'' <small>Hübner, 1826</small> (= ''Pseudonica''<!-- Kirby 1901 -->) |
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* ''[[Peria (butterfly)|Peria]]'' <small>Kirby, 1871</small> (= ''Pelia'' <small>Doubleday, 1849 (''non'' Bell, 1836: [[Pelia|preoccupied]])</small>) |
* ''[[Peria (butterfly)|Peria]]'' <small>Kirby, 1871</small> (= ''Pelia'' <small>Doubleday, 1849 (''non'' Bell, 1836: [[Pelia (crab)|preoccupied]])</small>) |
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''' |
'''Eubagini''' <small>Burmeister, 1878</small> |
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* ''[[Dynamine]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Arisba''<!-- Doubleday 1847 -->, ''Eubagis''<!-- Boisduval 1832 -->, ''Sironia''<!-- Hübner 1823 -->) |
* ''[[Dynamine]]'' <small>Hübner, 1819</small> (= ''Arisba''<!-- Doubleday 1847 -->, ''Eubagis''<!-- Boisduval 1832 -->, ''Sironia''<!-- Hübner 1823 -->) |
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<!-- |
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''[[Dynamine dyonis]]'' |
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''[[Dynamine tithia]]'' |
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--> |
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''' |
'''Callicorini''' <small>Orfila, 1952</small> – eighty-eights and relatives |
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* ''[[Diaethria]]'' <small>Billberg, 1820</small> |
* ''[[Diaethria]]'' <small>Billberg, 1820</small> |
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* ''[[Callicore]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
* ''[[Callicore]]'' <small>Hübner, [1819]</small> |
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* ''[[Antigonis]]'' <small>Felder, 1861</small> (= ''Lincoya''<!-- Kirby 1871 -->) |
* ''[[Antigonis]]'' <small>Felder, 1861</small> (= ''Lincoya''<!-- Kirby 1871 -->) |
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* ''[[Haematera]]'' <small>Doubleday, 1849</small> (= ''Callidula''<!-- Hübner 1819 -->) |
* ''[[Haematera]]'' <small>Doubleday, 1849</small> (= ''Callidula''<!-- Hübner 1819 -->) |
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* ''[[Paulogramma]]'' <small>Dillon, 1948</small><!-- BiolJLinnSoc74:1. --> |
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* ''[[Catacore]]'' <small>Dillon, 1948</small> |
* ''[[Catacore]]'' <small>Dillon, 1948</small> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Sources== |
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* Jenkins, D. W. ( |
* Jenkins, D. W. (1983). Neotropical Nymphalidae. I. Revision of ''Hamadryas''. ''Bulletin of the Allyn Museum'', '''81''', 1-146. |
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* Jenkins, D. W. ( |
* Jenkins, D. W. (1984). Neotropical Nymphalidae. II. Revision of ''Myscelia''. ''Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville)'', '''87''', 1-64. |
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* Jenkins, D. W. ( |
* Jenkins, D. W. (1985). Neotropical Nymphalidae. III. Revision of ''Catonephele''. ''Bulletin of the Allyn Museum of Entomology'', '''92''', 1-65. |
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* Jenkins, D. W. ( |
* Jenkins, D. W. (1985). Neotropical Nymphalidae. IV. Revision of ''Ectima''. ''Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville)'', '''95''', 1-30. |
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* Jenkins, D. W. ( |
* Jenkins, D. W. (1986). Neotropical Nymphalidae. V. Revision of ''Epiphile''. ''Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville)'', '''101''', 1-70. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q794596}} |
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{{commonscat-inline}} |
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[[Category:Biblidinae| ]] |
[[Category:Biblidinae| ]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Jean Baptiste Boisduval]] |
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[[es:Biblidinae]] |
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[[Category:Butterfly subfamilies]] |
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[[fr:Biblidinae]] |
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[[Category:Taxa described in 1833]] |
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[[fy:Biblidinae]] |
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[[la:Biblidinae]] |
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[[hu:Biblidinae]] |
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[[no:Biblidinae]] |
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[[zh:苾蛺蝶亞科]] |
Latest revision as of 01:07, 24 August 2024
Biblidinae | |
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Myscelia cyaniris: Epicaliini | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Insecta |
Order: | Lepidoptera |
Family: | Nymphalidae |
Subfamily: | Biblidinae Boisduval, 1833 |
Tribes | |
Ageroniini | |
Synonyms | |
Eurytelinae |
Biblidinae is a subfamily of nymphalid butterflies that includes the tropical brushfoots. This subfamily was sometimes merged within the Limenitidinae, but they are now recognized as quite distinct lineages. In older literature, this subfamily is sometimes called Eurytelinae.
As of 2008, some 340 valid species are in this subfamily, placed in 38[verification needed] genera. Most species of Biblidinae are Neotropical, but there are some Old World species and genera in the tribes Biblidini and Epicaliini.
Systematics
[edit]The Biblidinae are a taxonomically stable monophyletic group, at least since the "wastebin genus" Catagramma was dismantled around 1950.
The tribes, in the presumed phylogenetic sequence and with notable genera also listed here, are:[1]
Biblidini Boisduval, 1833
- Biblis Fabricius, 1807 (= Zonaga)
- Ariadne Horsfield, 1829 (= Ergolis)
- Laringa Moore, 1901
- Eurytela Boisduval, 1833
- Neptidopsis Aurivillius, 1898
- Mesoxantha Aurivillius, 1898
- Byblia Hübner, 1819 (= Hypanis Boisduval, 1833 (non Pander in Menetries, 1832: preoccupied))
- Mestra Hübner, 1825 (= Cystineura)
- Archimestra Munroe, 1949
- Vila Kirby, 1871 (= Lonia, Neptis Hübner, 1819 (non Fabricius, 1807: preoccupied), Olina Doubleday, 1848 (non Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: preoccupied))
Epicaliini Guenée, 1865
- Catonephele Hübner, [1819]
- Nessaea Hübner, [1819]
- Myscelia Doubleday, 1844 (= Sagaritis Hübner, 1821 (non Billberg, 1820: preoccupied), Sea)
- Sevenia Koçak, 1996 (= Crenis Boisduval, 1833 (non Hübner, 1821: preoccupied), Sallya Hemming, 1964 (non Yochelson, 1956: preoccupied))
- Eunica Hübner, [1819]
- Cybdelis Boisduval, 1836
Ageroniini Doubleday, 1847
- Hamadryas – cracker butterflies, calico butterflies
- Ectima Doubleday, 1848
- Panacea Godman & Salvin, 1883 (= Pandora Doubleday, 1848 (non Lamarck, 1799: preoccupied))
- Batesia Felder & Felder, 1862
Epiphilini Jenkins, 1987
- Asterope Hübner, [1819]
- Pyrrhogyra Hübner, 1819 (= Corybas)
- Epiphile Doubleday, 1844
- Lucinia Hübner, 1823 (= Autodea)
- Bolboneura Godman & Salvin, 1877
- Temenis Hübner, 1819 (= Callicorina, Paromia Hewitson, 1861 (non Westwood, 1851: preoccupied))
- Nica Hübner, 1826 (= Pseudonica)
- Peria Kirby, 1871 (= Pelia Doubleday, 1849 (non Bell, 1836: preoccupied))
Eubagini Burmeister, 1878
- Dynamine Hübner, 1819 (= Arisba, Eubagis, Sironia)
Callicorini Orfila, 1952 – eighty-eights and relatives
- Diaethria Billberg, 1820
- Callicore Hübner, [1819]
- Perisama Doubleday, 1849 (= Orophila)
- Antigonis Felder, 1861 (= Lincoya)
- Haematera Doubleday, 1849 (= Callidula)
- Catacore Dillon, 1948
References
[edit]Sources
[edit]- Hill, R. I., Penz, C. M., & DeVries, P. J. (2002). Phylogenetic analysis and review of Panacea and Batesia butterflies (Nymphalidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society, 56, 199-215.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1983). Neotropical Nymphalidae. I. Revision of Hamadryas. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 81, 1-146.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1984). Neotropical Nymphalidae. II. Revision of Myscelia. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 87, 1-64.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1985). Neotropical Nymphalidae. III. Revision of Catonephele. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum of Entomology, 92, 1-65.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1985). Neotropical Nymphalidae. IV. Revision of Ectima. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 95, 1-30.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1986). Neotropical Nymphalidae. V. Revision of Epiphile. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 101, 1-70.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1987). Neotropical Nymphalidae. VI. Revision of Asterope (=Callithea Auct.). Bulletin of the Allyn Museum of Entomology, 114, 1-66.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1989). Neotropical Nymphalidae. VII. Revision of Nessaea. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum (Gainesville), 125, 1-38.
- Jenkins, D. W. (1990). Neotropical Nymphalidae. VIII. Revision of Eunica. Bulletin of the Allyn Museum, 131, 1-177.
External links
[edit]- The higher classification of Nymphalidae, at Nymphalidae.net
- Biblidinae Boisduval, 1833 at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms: Preliminary species list. Version of 18 March 2007. Retrieved 30 May 2007.
- Pteron Misspelled as Biblinae. Images. In Japanese but with binomial names.