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{{Short description|Finnish steam locomotive}}
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{{Infobox Locomotive
{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}}
⚫
| name=VR Class Hr1
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{{Infobox locomotive
⚫
| name = VR Class Hr1
| image = Hr1 1021 Rm.jpg
| image = Hr1 1021 Rm.jpg
| caption = Hr1 1021 with Witte-type smoke deflectors
| caption = Hr1 1021 with Witte-type [[smoke deflectors]]
| powertype=Steam
| powertype = [[Steam locomotive|Steam]]
| builddate=1937-1957
| builddate = 1937–1957
| builder= [[Lokomo]] Oy and [[Tampella]] Oy
| builder = [[Lokomo]] Oy and [[Tampella]] Oy
| totalproduction = 22
| totalproduction = 22
| aarwheels = [[4-6-2]]
| aarwheels = [[4-6-2]]
| gauge = {{RailGauge|1524}}
| gauge = {{track gauge|1524mm|lk=on}}
| driverdiameter={{convert|1900|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
| driverdiameter = {{convert|1900|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
| wheelbase=
| wheelbase =
| length={{convert|22.2|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|22.2|m|ftin|0|abbr=on}}
| width=
| width =
| height=
| height =
| locoweight={{convert|155|t}} with tender
| locoweight = {{convert|155|t}} with tender
| boilerpressure = 15 bar
| boilerpressure = {{convert|15|bar|kPa psi|abbr=on}}
| cylindercount = Two, outside
| cylindercount = Two, outside
| valvegear = [[Walschaerts valve gear|Walschaerts]]
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| topspeed={{convert|110|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
| tractiveeffort = {{convert|114|kN|lbf|-1|abbr=on}}
| maxspeed = {{convert|110|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}
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| tractiveeffort = {{convert|114|kN|lbf|-1|abbr=on}}
| railroad=[[VR Yhtymä Oy|VR]]
| operator = [[Finnish State Railways|VR]]
| firstrundate=1937
| withdrawndate = 1971
| firstrundate = 1937
| withdrawndate = 1972 returned to service due to [[1973 oil crisis|oil crisis]] withdrawn in 1974
| disposition=two restored, five scrapped, others preserved
| disposition = six scrapped, remainder preserved
}}
}}


'''Hr1 class''' (original classification '''P1''') was the largest passenger express steam locomotive built in Finland. Twenty-two were built between the years 1937–1957. They were numbered 1000-1021
The '''Hr1 class''' (original classification '''P1''') was the largest passenger express steam locomotive built in [[Finland]]. Twenty-two were built between the years 1937–1957. They were numbered 1000–1021.


In the thirties there was a need for faster and heavier express trains in Finland, and the Hv1 - Hv3 classes were not powerful enough to fill the need. [[Lokomo]] Oy in [[Tampere]] built first two prototypes, and after successful trials 20 more were built.
In the 1930s, there was a need for faster and heavier express trains in Finland, and the [[VR Class Hv1|Hv1]]–Hv3 classes were not powerful enough to fill the need. [[Lokomo]] Oy in [[Tampere]] built first two prototypes, and after successful trials 20 more were built.
Most of the locomotives were fitted with Wagner-type smoke deflectors, but the last two, which were equipped with roller bearings, had Witte-type deflectors.
Most of the locomotives were fitted with Wagner-type smoke deflectors, but the last two, which were equipped with [[roller bearings]], had Witte-type deflectors.


The nickname of the locomotive was {{lang|fi|"Ukko-Pekka"}} meaning approximately "(respected) Grandpa Pekka", after the President of Finland [[Pehr Evind Svinhufvud]].
The class's nickname was {{lang|fi|"Ukko-Pekka"}}, meaning approximately "(respected) Grandpa Pekka", after the President of Finland [[Pehr Evind Svinhufvud]].


The Hr1 was built for coal firing, but during the coal shortage after the war in 1945, birch wood was used as fuel. Larger chimneys needed for extinguishing wood sparks were temporarily fitted.
The Hr1 was built for coal firing, but during the coal shortage after the war in 1945, birch wood was used as fuel. Larger chimneys needed for extinguishing wood sparks were temporarily fitted.


⚫
The Hr1s were the most important express steam locomotive and could justifiably be called the "flagships" of VR until 1963, when diesel locomotives started to replace steam. Their use ended officially in 1971, but two Hr1s equipped with roller bearings were brought back to use for a short time in the spring of 1974. One engine, 1005, was a participant in the worst peacetime railroad accident in Finland, the Kuurila accident, in 1957. The engine is preserved at [[Haapamäki]].
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[[Image:Ukkopekka.jpg|thumb|left|Finnish Hr1 class [[4-6-2]] steam locomotive No 1009 at [[Pasila]]]]
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The Hr1s were the most important express train haulers and could justifiably be called the flagships of VR up to 1963, when diesel locomotives started to replace steam. Their use ended officially in 1971, but two roller bearing Hr1s were returned for a short use in spring 1974.


Hr1's sister locomotive was the Tr1-class, otherwise similar, but with 2-8-2 wheel arrangement and smaller diameter drivers for cargo train use.
Hr1's sister locomotive was the [[VR Class Tr1|Tr1]] class, otherwise similar, but with 2-8-2 wheel arrangement and smaller diameter drivers for freight train use.


==Preservation==
==Preservation==
The following are preserved
The following are preserved:
1000 [[Haapamäki]],
* 1000 [[Haapamäki]]
1001 [[Hyvinkää]],
* 1001 [[Hyvinkää]]
* 1002–1005 [[Haapamäki]], 1003 [[Cutaway drawing|sectioned]] to show the inside of a [[steam locomotive]]
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1002 - 1005 [[Haapamäki]],
1008 [[Acton, Suffolk]], England,
* 1008 [[Acton, Suffolk]], England
1009 [[Riihimäki]],
* 1010 [[Haapamäki]]
1010 [[Haapamäki]],
* 1011 [[Otanmäki]]
1011 [[Otanmäki]],
* 1012 [[Oulainen]]
1012 [[Haapamäki]],
* 1014 [[Haapamäki]]
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* 1016 named "Lady Patricia" on a Private Railway near [[Windsor, Berkshire]], United Kingdom<ref>[http://www.steamlocomotive.com/lists/searchdb.php?str=Fifield+Central&country=UK Steamlocomotive.com - Fifield Central]</ref>
1014 [[Haapamäki]],
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* 1019, 1020 [[Haapamäki]]
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1016 named "Lady Patricia" on a Private Railway near [[Windsor, Berkshire]], United Kingdom
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* 1021 [[Riihimäki]]
1019,1020 [[Haapamäki]],
⚫
1021 [[Riihimäki]].


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery perrow="6">
<gallery perrow="6">
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File:Hr1 1002 (2'C1'h2).jpg| Hr1 1002 at [[Haapamäki]]
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File:Hr1 1003 (aufgeschnitten).jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamäki]]
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File:Hr1 1003, Tender (aufgeschnitten).jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamäki]]
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File:Halkihoyrykupu.jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamäki]]
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File:Ukkopekka.jpg|Finnish Hr1 class [[4-6-2]] steam locomotive No 1009 at [[Pasila]]
File:Lokomo HR1 in Lappeenranta August 6th 2014.jpg|Hr1 1009 at [[Lappeenranta]]
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File:Steam-Train-1944.jpg| A 1944 Postage stamp depicting a Finnish train with a steam locomotive; the nickname of this heavy locomotive was "Ukko-Pekka"
File:Toijala railway station 1953.jpg| Hr1 1009 at [[Toijala]] railway station 1953
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 1.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 2.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 4.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 5.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 6.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 7.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 8.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]
File:Model VR Class Hr 1 1001 Helsinki Central Station Ticket Hall 9.jpg| Scale 1:10 model of VR Class Hr1 1001 in the ticket hall of [[Helsinki Central Station]]


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Image:Hr1 1002 (2'C1'h2).jpg| Hr1 1002 at [[Haapamaki]]
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Image:Hr1 1003 (aufgeschnitten).jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamaki]]
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Image:Hr1 1003, Tender (aufgeschnitten).jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamaki]]
Image:Hr1 1003, Tender (aufgeschnitten).jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamaki]]
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Image:Halkihoyrykupu.jpg| Hr1 1003 at [[Haapamaki]]
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Image:Steam-Train-1944.jpg| A 1944 Postage stamp depicting a Finnish train with a steam locomotive; the nickname of this heavy locomotive was "Ukko-Pekka"
</gallery>
</gallery>


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* [[VR Class Tk3]]
* [[VR Class Tk3]]
* [[VR Class Hr11]]
* [[VR Class Hr11]]
* [[Ukko-Pekka]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{commons category-inline|VR Class Hr1}}
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VeJ9edz6TE&feature=youtu.be 1016 "Lady Patricia" on her test run 28 June 2013]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VeJ9edz6TE 1016 "Lady Patricia" on her test run 28 June 2013]
{{Finnish locomotives}}
{{Finnish locomotives}}


[[Category:VR locomotives]]
[[Category:Tampella locomotives]]
[[Category:VR locomotives|Hr1]]
[[Category:4-6-2 locomotives]]
[[Category:4-6-2 locomotives]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1937]]
[[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1937]]
[[Category:Steam locomotives of Finland]]
[[Category:Steam locomotives of Finland|Hr1]]
[[Category:Passenger locomotives]]
[[Category:5 ft gauge locomotives]]

Latest revision as of 11:14, 30 July 2024

VR Class Hr1
Hr1 1021 with Witte-type smoke deflectors
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
BuilderLokomo Oy and Tampella Oy
Build date1937–1957
Total produced22
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • AAR4-6-2
Gauge1,524 mm (5 ft)
Driver dia.1,900 mm (6 ft 3 in)
Length22.2 m (72 ft 10 in)
Loco weight155 tonnes (153 long tons; 171 short tons) with tender
Boiler pressure15 bar (1,500 kPa; 220 psi)
CylindersTwo, outside
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Maximum speed110 km/h (68 mph)
Tractive effort114 kN (25,630 lbf)
Career
OperatorsVR
First run1937
Withdrawn1972 returned to service due to oil crisis withdrawn in 1974
Dispositionsix scrapped, remainder preserved

The Hr1 class (original classification P1) was the largest passenger express steam locomotive built in Finland. Twenty-two were built between the years 1937–1957. They were numbered 1000–1021.

In the 1930s, there was a need for faster and heavier express trains in Finland, and the Hv1–Hv3 classes were not powerful enough to fill the need. Lokomo Oy in Tampere built first two prototypes, and after successful trials 20 more were built. Most of the locomotives were fitted with Wagner-type smoke deflectors, but the last two, which were equipped with roller bearings, had Witte-type deflectors.

The class's nickname was "Ukko-Pekka", meaning approximately "(respected) Grandpa Pekka", after the President of Finland Pehr Evind Svinhufvud.

The Hr1 was built for coal firing, but during the coal shortage after the war in 1945, birch wood was used as fuel. Larger chimneys needed for extinguishing wood sparks were temporarily fitted.

The Hr1s were the most important express steam locomotive and could justifiably be called the "flagships" of VR until 1963, when diesel locomotives started to replace steam. Their use ended officially in 1971, but two Hr1s equipped with roller bearings were brought back to use for a short time in the spring of 1974. One engine, 1005, was a participant in the worst peacetime railroad accident in Finland, the Kuurila accident, in 1957. The engine is preserved at Haapamäki.

Hr1's sister locomotive was the Tr1 class, otherwise similar, but with 2-8-2 wheel arrangement and smaller diameter drivers for freight train use.

Preservation

[edit]

The following are preserved:

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Steamlocomotive.com - Fifield Central
[edit]
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