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{{short description|American graphic designer}}
{{Short description|American graphic designer (1947–2023)}}
{{BLP sources|date=July 2019}}
{{sources|date=July 2019}}
{{infobox person
[[Image:Burkey ADC ab.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Burkey Belser]]
|name = Burkey Belser|
[[Image:US Nutritional Fact Label.svg|thumb|right|200px| US [[Nutrition facts label]]]]
|image = Burkey ADC ab.jpg
'''Burkey Belser''' is an American [[graphic designer]]. He is best known for his design of the [[Nutrition facts label]], the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) mandated food labeling system that appears on all packaged foods in the United States, which has been called by some "the most frequently reproduced graphic in the world."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lawfirmblogging.com/?p%3D60 |title=Interview with Burkey Belser · Law Firm Blogging :: Legal Blog Marketing :: Lawyer Blogs |accessdate=2014-01-07 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423004406/http://lawfirmblogging.com/?p=60 |archivedate=2008-04-23 }}</ref> He is also widely known for the pioneering work in [[legal advertising]] that earned him a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Legal Marketing Association as well as induction into that organization's Hall of Fame.
|birth_name = James Burkey Belser
|birth_date = {{birth date|1947|7|8}}
|birth_place = [[Columbia, South Carolina]], U.S.
|death_date = {{death date and age|2023|9|25|1947|7|8}}
|death_place = [[Bethesda, Maryland]], U.S.
|spouse = {{marriage|Donna Greenfield|1978}}
|children = 2
|occupation = Graphic designer
|notable_works = {{ubl|[[Nutrition Facts label]]|[[EnergyGuide]]}}
|alma_mater = [[Davidson College]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])
}}
'''James Burkey Belser''' (July 8, 1947 – September 25, 2023) was an American [[graphic designer]]. He is best known for his design of the [[nutrition facts label]], the [[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) mandated food labeling system that appears on all packaged foods in the United States, which has been called by some "the most frequently reproduced graphic in the world."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lawfirmblogging.com/?p%3D60 |title=Interview with Burkey Belser · Law Firm Blogging :: Legal Blog Marketing :: Lawyer Blogs |accessdate=2014-01-07 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423004406/http://lawfirmblogging.com/?p=60 |archivedate=2008-04-23 }}</ref> He is also widely known for the pioneering work in [[legal advertising]] that earned him a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Legal Marketing Association as well as induction into that organization's Hall of Fame.


==Biography==
==Biography==
===Early life===
He was born July 8, 1947 in [[Columbia, South Carolina]]. The Belser family has been long-established in the South, with Christian Belser (1752–1812) arriving in [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]] from Baden-Baden, [[Duchy of Württemberg]] in 1787. A family plantation, Sunnyside on [[Edisto, South Carolina]], has been exclusively in family hands from the Mikell side of the family for over 300 years. Summer-long stays in the natural setting of the plantation awakened his artistic predilection. He took painting and drawing courses at the [[University of South Carolina]] when he was eight. He redrew entire issues of [[The New Yorker]] cartoons before settling on favorite cartoonists such as [[William Steig]] and [[Charles Barsotti]].
Burkey Belser was born July 8, 1947, in [[Columbia, South Carolina]].<ref name = Rosenwald>{{cite news|url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/09/25/burkey-belser-designer-of-ubiquitous-nutrition-facts-label-dies-at-76/|title = Burkey Belser, designer of ubiquitous nutrition facts label, dies at 76|last = Rosenwald|first = Michael S.|newspaper = [[The Washington Post]]|date = September 25, 2023|accessdate = September 25, 2023|url-access = limited}}</ref> The Belser family has been long-established in the South, with Christian Belser (1752–1812) arriving in [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]] from Baden-Baden, [[Duchy of Württemberg]] in 1787. A family plantation, Sunnyside on [[Edisto, South Carolina]], has been exclusively in family hands from the Mikell side of the family for over 300 years. Summer-long stays in the natural setting of the plantation awakened his artistic predilection. He took painting and drawing courses at the [[University of South Carolina]] when he was eight. He redrew entire issues of ''[[The New Yorker]]'' cartoons before settling on favorite cartoonists such as [[William Steig]] and [[Charles Barsotti]].<ref name = Rosenwald/>


His parents divorced in 1953. Belser lived another two years in Columbia with his mother and sister before moving with them and his stepfather to Birmingham, Alabama, for a year, then on to Memphis, Tennessee, for his junior high and high school years. Belser was given the President's Award by the student body, an award given to the individual judged to have contributed most to the high school. He is an [[Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)|Eagle Scout]] and earned the [[God and Country program|God and Country]] award.{{cn|date=August 2019|reason=Need to cite reliable source(s) to verify he is an Eagle Scout and, separately, that he earned the God and Country award.}}
His parents divorced in 1952.<ref name = Rosenwald/> Belser lived another two years in Columbia with his mother and sister before moving with them and his stepfather to Birmingham, Alabama, for a year, then on to [[Memphis, Tennessee]].<ref name = Rosenwald/> Belser was given the President's Award by the student body, an award given to the individual judged to have contributed most to the high school. He was an [[Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)|Eagle Scout]] and earned the [[God and Country program|God and Country]] award.{{cn|date=August 2019|reason=Need to cite reliable source(s) to verify he is an Eagle Scout and, separately, that he earned the God and Country award.}}


===Career===
Belser was not trained in graphic design. He was an English major and an art minor at [[Davidson College]] in North Carolina (the school offered no graphic design courses). During the decade following college, Belser trained himself to be a designer.
[[Image:US Nutritional Fact Label.svg|thumb|right|200px| US [[Nutrition facts label]]]]
Belser was not initially trained in graphic design. He was an English major and an art minor at [[Davidson College]] in North Carolina (the school offered no graphic design courses).<ref name = Rosenwald/> He then spent a year studying French literature at the [[University of Montpellier]] in France.<ref name = Rosenwald/> During the decade following college, Belser trained himself to be a designer. He joined the provocative magazine published by [[Ralph Ginzburg]], ''Avant Garde'', in New York City, ultimately becoming its circulation director.<ref name = Rosenwald/> After a year at the magazine, Belser left to travel from Istanbul to Kathmandu.<ref name = Rosenwald/> Upon returning, he settled in Washington, D.C., and became the business manager for The Righteous Apple, a graphic design studio created for the non-profit black cultural arts organization, New Thing Art & Architecture Center.<ref name = Rosenwald/>


In 1978, he launched his own design firm, Burkey Belser Inc. That same year, he married lawyer Donna Greenfield. They later merged his company with her consulting firm into [[Greenfield Belser|Greenfield/Belser Ltd]].<ref name = Rosenwald/> Belser began working with law firms shortly after the ''[[Bates v. State Bar of Arizona]]'' decision in 1977 allowed lawyers to advertise.<ref name = Rosenwald/>
In 1992, he was contacted by [[David Aaron Kessler]]'s staff at the FDA to help with the Nutrition Facts label because of his prior success designing the EnergyGuide that appears on all major appliances in the U.S. Because Congress had mandated the reformulation of the label but not its redesign, Belser undertook the project as a pro bono effort, for which he received a Presidential Design Award from President Bill Clinton. [[Massimo Vignelli]] called it a "masterpiece."<ref>July 1996 AIGA Journal</ref> The success of that initiative led the FDA to once again call on Belser to design the Drug Facts label that now appears on all over-the-counter drugs.


Belser's first brochure for a law firm was designed in 1983 for the Virginia firm of McGuire Woods & Battle. It was a 12-page hardcover book, modeled on 18th-century book design. The brochure took a Gold Award at the [[Art Directors Club]] of Washington, D.C., proving that design for law firms could be done in an instructive, informative and innovative manner. Belser quickly expanded the tactical and graphical legal vocabulary, creating the very first ads for a law firm, [[Howrey LLP|Howrey & Simon]], in 1992. He was also among the first to create a law firm logo, a "designed" law firm website, law firm newsletters and every other marketing tool that corporations use routinely today but that were simply unknown in the legal industry at that time. The transformation of marketing in the legal industry was not unlike that of the banking industry in the 1970s and the accounting industry shortly thereafter—all of which had been for centuries either not permitted to "advertise" or bound by custom and decorum from doing so.
On another vastly different design front, Belser began working with law firms shortly after the [[Bates v. State Bar of Arizona]] decision allowed lawyers to advertise. Over the next 30 years, the sustained body of work emanating from [[Greenfield Belser|Greenfield/Belser Ltd]]., influenced countless others in their approach to law firm marketing.


In 1992, he was contacted by [[David Aaron Kessler]]'s staff at the FDA to help with the Nutrition Facts label, because of his prior success designing the [[EnergyGuide]] that appears on all major appliances in the U.S.<ref name = Rosenwald/> Because Congress had mandated the reformulation of the label but not its redesign, Belser undertook the project as a pro bono effort, for which he received a Presidential Design Award from President Bill Clinton. In an interview in [[Print (magazine)|PRINT magazine]], the Italian designer [[Massimo Vignelli]] said "I applaud the person who designed the Nutrition Facts label that's on every food package now being sold in the U.S.", describing it as a "masterpiece of information architecture, and quite a victory for social responsibility."<ref>July 1996 AIGA Journal</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Chappell |first=Bill |date=28 September 2023 |title=Next time you read a food nutrition label, pour one out for Burkey Belser |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/09/28/1202113376/next-time-you-read-a-food-nutrition-label-pour-one-out-for-burkey-belser |access-date=29 September 2023 |website=NPR}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2014-05-28 |title=Massimo Vignelli: Creator of Timeless Design and Fearless Critic of "Junk" |url=https://www.printmag.com/design-thinking/massimo-vignelli-creator-of-timeless-design-and-fearless-critic-of-junk/ |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=PRINT Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>
==Career==
Belser held two jobs after college before beginning his career as a freelance designer. After returning from a year at the [[University of Montpellier]] in southern France in 1969-1970, Belser joined the provocative magazine published by [[Ralph Ginzburg]], ''Avant Garde'', in New York City, ultimately becoming its circulation director. After a year at the magazine, Belser left to travel from Istanbul to Kathmandu. Upon returning, he settled in Washington, D.C. and became the business manager for The Righteous Apple, a graphic design studio created for the non-profit black cultural arts organization, New Thing Art & Architecture Center. After 18 months, Belser left to build a freelance career. In 1978, he incorporated Burkey Belser, Inc, the same year he married Donna Greenfield who created [[Greenfield Belser|Greenfield/Belser]], Inc, a design consultancy focused on professional services. The businesses were merged in 1984 to create [[Greenfield Belser|Greenfield/Belser Ltd]].


The success of that initiative led the FDA to once again call on Belser to design the Drug Facts label that now appears on all over-the-counter drugs.<ref name="Rosenwald" /> Belser would later call the Nutrition Facts label an iconic "government brand", describing it as an example of how "design can work in the public interest."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Frohlich |first=Xaq |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520298811/from-label-to-table |title=From Label to Table: Regulating Food in America in the Information Age |date=October 2023 |isbn=978-0-520-29881-1 |pages=149, 240 |publisher=Univ of California Press |language=en}}</ref>
Belser's first brochure for a law firm was designed in 1983 for the Virginia firm of McGuire Woods & Battle. It was a 12-page hardcover book, modeled on 18th century book design. The brochure took a Gold Award at the [[Art Directors Club]] of Washington, D.C., proving that design for law firms could be done in an instructive, informative and innovative manner. Belser quickly expanded the tactical and graphical legal vocabulary, creating the very first ads for a law firm, [[Howrey LLP|Howrey & Simon]], in 1992. He was also among the first to create a law firm logo, a "designed" law firm website, law firm newsletters and every other marketing tool that corporations use routinely today but that were simply unknown in the legal industry at that time. The transformation of marketing in the legal industry was not unlike that of the banking industry in the 1970s and the accounting industry shortly thereafter—all of which had been for centuries either not permitted to "advertise" or bound by custom and decorum from doing so.

===Personal life and death===
Belser and Greenfield had two children.<ref name = Rosenwald/> He died of bladder cancer at his home in [[Bethesda, Maryland]], on September 25, 2023, at the age of 76.<ref name = Rosenwald/>


==Publications==
==Publications==
Belser authored 25 Years of Legal Branding (Sunnyside Press) published in 2004, a compilation of the [[Greenfield Belser|Greenfield/Belser Ltd's]] work from 1979-2004. His work also appears in other publications including: Absolutely the Newest Logos, Best of Corporate Identity Design, Big Book of Corporate Identity Designs (Watson-Guptill), Big Book of Design Ideas (Collins Design), Big Book of Letterhead and website Designs (Watson-Guptill), Global Corporate Identity, Global Graphics: Symbols (Rockport Publishing), HOW Colossal Design, Large Graphics (Rockport Publishing), The Newest Logos, Promotions that Work (Rockport Publishing), Small Graphics (Rockport Publishing),White Graphics (Rockport Publishing).
Belser authored ''25 Years of Legal Branding'' (Sunnyside Press) published in 2004, a compilation of the [[Greenfield Belser|Greenfield/Belser Ltd's]] work from 1979 to 2004.{{cn|date=September 2023}} His work also appears in other publications, including ''Absolutely the Newest Logos'', ''Best of Corporate Identity Design'', ''Big Book of Corporate Identity Designs'' (Watson-Guptill), ''Big Book of Design Ideas'' (Collins Design), ''Big Book of Letterhead and Website Designs'' (Watson-Guptill), ''Global Corporate Identity'', ''Global Graphics: Symbols'' (Rockport Publishing), ''HOW Colossal Design'', ''Large Graphics'' (Rockport Publishing), ''The Newest Logos'', ''Promotions that Work'' (Rockport Publishing), ''Small Graphics'' (Rockport Publishing), ''White Graphics'' (Rockport Publishing).{{cn|date=September 2023}}


==Awards==
==Awards==
Belser was one of nine judges for the 2007 [[Communication Arts]] Design Annual, regarded by many as the nation's most prestigious graphic design competition. Since 1974, Belser has won hundreds of awards for his work in graphic design. Some of the competitions that have awarded him for his work include: [[AIGA]] 50, American Corporate Identity, Lifetime Achievement Award from the Art Directors Club of Metropolitan Washington, Communication Arts (Illustration Annual), Creativity magazine, American Graphic Design Awards (Graphic Design: USA), [[Graphis Inc.]], International Engraved Graphics Association, Legal Marketing Association Your Honor Awards, Logo 2000, 2002, Los Angeles Society of Illustrators, ''[[Print (magazine)|Print]]'', Society for Marketing Professional Services, [[Webby Awards]].
Belser was one of nine judges for the 2007 [[Communication Arts]] Design Annual, regarded by many as the nation's most prestigious graphic design competition.{{cn|date=September 2023}} Since 1974, Belser has won hundreds of awards for his work in graphic design. Some of the competitions that have awarded him for his work include: [[AIGA]] 50, American Corporate Identity, Lifetime Achievement Award from the Art Directors Club of Metropolitan Washington, Communication Arts (Illustration Annual), Creativity magazine, American Graphic Design Awards (Graphic Design: USA), [[Graphis Inc.]], International Engraved Graphics Association, Legal Marketing Association Your Honor Awards, Logo 2000, 2002, Los Angeles Society of Illustrators, ''[[Print (magazine)|Print]]'', Society for Marketing Professional Services, [[Webby Awards]].{{cn|date=September 2023}}

==References==
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.gbltd.com/ Greenfield Belser Ltd]
*[http://www.gbltd.com/ Greenfield Belser Ltd]
*[http://www.americancorporateid.com/ American Corporate Identity]
*[http://www.americancorporateid.com/ American Corporate Identity]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080327010851/http://www.adcmw.org/ Art Directors Club of Metropolitan Washington]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080422032552/http://www.gdusa.com/contests/agda.php Graphic Design: USA]
*[http://www.iega.org/International Engraved Graphics Association]
*[http://www.legalmarketing.org/ Legal Marketing Association]
*[http://www.si-la.org/ Los Angeles Society of Illustrators]
*[http://www.printmag.com/ ''Print'' magazine]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100330165149/http://www.smps.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=Home Society for Marketing Professional Services]
*[http://www.mcguirewoods.com/ McGuire Woods & Battle]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080331090006/http://www.howrey.com/ Howrey & Simon]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080517071413/http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/comm/free_speech/bates.html Bates v. State Bar of Arizona]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080325032604/http://www1.eere.energy.gov/consumer/tips/energyguide.html Energy Guide]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071014014547/http://www.fda.gov/ora/inspect_ref/igs/nleatxt.html Nutrition Facts]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070824032425/http://www.fda.gov/FDAC/features/2002/402_otc.html Drug Facts label]

==References==
{{reflist}}


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Belser, Burkey}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Belser, Burkey}}
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:American graphic designers]]
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:American graphic designers]]
[[Category:People from Columbia, South Carolina]]
[[Category:People from Columbia, South Carolina]]
[[Category:People from Edisto Island, South Carolina]]
[[Category:People from Edisto Island, South Carolina]]
[[Category:Deaths from bladder cancer in the United States]]
[[Category:Deaths from cancer in Maryland]]
[[Category:Davidson College alumni]]
[[Category:20th-century American artists]]
[[Category:Artists from Memphis, Tennessee]]

Latest revision as of 09:06, 13 June 2024

Burkey Belser
Born
James Burkey Belser

(1947-07-08)July 8, 1947
DiedSeptember 25, 2023(2023-09-25) (aged 76)
Alma materDavidson College (BA)
OccupationGraphic designer
Notable work
Spouse
Donna Greenfield
(m. 1978)
Children2

James Burkey Belser (July 8, 1947 – September 25, 2023) was an American graphic designer. He is best known for his design of the nutrition facts label, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mandated food labeling system that appears on all packaged foods in the United States, which has been called by some "the most frequently reproduced graphic in the world."[1] He is also widely known for the pioneering work in legal advertising that earned him a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Legal Marketing Association as well as induction into that organization's Hall of Fame.

Biography

[edit]

Early life

[edit]

Burkey Belser was born July 8, 1947, in Columbia, South Carolina.[2] The Belser family has been long-established in the South, with Christian Belser (1752–1812) arriving in Charleston from Baden-Baden, Duchy of Württemberg in 1787. A family plantation, Sunnyside on Edisto, South Carolina, has been exclusively in family hands from the Mikell side of the family for over 300 years. Summer-long stays in the natural setting of the plantation awakened his artistic predilection. He took painting and drawing courses at the University of South Carolina when he was eight. He redrew entire issues of The New Yorker cartoons before settling on favorite cartoonists such as William Steig and Charles Barsotti.[2]

His parents divorced in 1952.[2] Belser lived another two years in Columbia with his mother and sister before moving with them and his stepfather to Birmingham, Alabama, for a year, then on to Memphis, Tennessee.[2] Belser was given the President's Award by the student body, an award given to the individual judged to have contributed most to the high school. He was an Eagle Scout and earned the God and Country award.[citation needed]

Career

[edit]
US Nutrition facts label

Belser was not initially trained in graphic design. He was an English major and an art minor at Davidson College in North Carolina (the school offered no graphic design courses).[2] He then spent a year studying French literature at the University of Montpellier in France.[2] During the decade following college, Belser trained himself to be a designer. He joined the provocative magazine published by Ralph Ginzburg, Avant Garde, in New York City, ultimately becoming its circulation director.[2] After a year at the magazine, Belser left to travel from Istanbul to Kathmandu.[2] Upon returning, he settled in Washington, D.C., and became the business manager for The Righteous Apple, a graphic design studio created for the non-profit black cultural arts organization, New Thing Art & Architecture Center.[2]

In 1978, he launched his own design firm, Burkey Belser Inc. That same year, he married lawyer Donna Greenfield. They later merged his company with her consulting firm into Greenfield/Belser Ltd.[2] Belser began working with law firms shortly after the Bates v. State Bar of Arizona decision in 1977 allowed lawyers to advertise.[2]

Belser's first brochure for a law firm was designed in 1983 for the Virginia firm of McGuire Woods & Battle. It was a 12-page hardcover book, modeled on 18th-century book design. The brochure took a Gold Award at the Art Directors Club of Washington, D.C., proving that design for law firms could be done in an instructive, informative and innovative manner. Belser quickly expanded the tactical and graphical legal vocabulary, creating the very first ads for a law firm, Howrey & Simon, in 1992. He was also among the first to create a law firm logo, a "designed" law firm website, law firm newsletters and every other marketing tool that corporations use routinely today but that were simply unknown in the legal industry at that time. The transformation of marketing in the legal industry was not unlike that of the banking industry in the 1970s and the accounting industry shortly thereafter—all of which had been for centuries either not permitted to "advertise" or bound by custom and decorum from doing so.

In 1992, he was contacted by David Aaron Kessler's staff at the FDA to help with the Nutrition Facts label, because of his prior success designing the EnergyGuide that appears on all major appliances in the U.S.[2] Because Congress had mandated the reformulation of the label but not its redesign, Belser undertook the project as a pro bono effort, for which he received a Presidential Design Award from President Bill Clinton. In an interview in PRINT magazine, the Italian designer Massimo Vignelli said "I applaud the person who designed the Nutrition Facts label that's on every food package now being sold in the U.S.", describing it as a "masterpiece of information architecture, and quite a victory for social responsibility."[3][4][5]

The success of that initiative led the FDA to once again call on Belser to design the Drug Facts label that now appears on all over-the-counter drugs.[2] Belser would later call the Nutrition Facts label an iconic "government brand", describing it as an example of how "design can work in the public interest."[6]

Personal life and death

[edit]

Belser and Greenfield had two children.[2] He died of bladder cancer at his home in Bethesda, Maryland, on September 25, 2023, at the age of 76.[2]

Publications

[edit]

Belser authored 25 Years of Legal Branding (Sunnyside Press) published in 2004, a compilation of the Greenfield/Belser Ltd's work from 1979 to 2004.[citation needed] His work also appears in other publications, including Absolutely the Newest Logos, Best of Corporate Identity Design, Big Book of Corporate Identity Designs (Watson-Guptill), Big Book of Design Ideas (Collins Design), Big Book of Letterhead and Website Designs (Watson-Guptill), Global Corporate Identity, Global Graphics: Symbols (Rockport Publishing), HOW Colossal Design, Large Graphics (Rockport Publishing), The Newest Logos, Promotions that Work (Rockport Publishing), Small Graphics (Rockport Publishing), White Graphics (Rockport Publishing).[citation needed]

Awards

[edit]

Belser was one of nine judges for the 2007 Communication Arts Design Annual, regarded by many as the nation's most prestigious graphic design competition.[citation needed] Since 1974, Belser has won hundreds of awards for his work in graphic design. Some of the competitions that have awarded him for his work include: AIGA 50, American Corporate Identity, Lifetime Achievement Award from the Art Directors Club of Metropolitan Washington, Communication Arts (Illustration Annual), Creativity magazine, American Graphic Design Awards (Graphic Design: USA), Graphis Inc., International Engraved Graphics Association, Legal Marketing Association Your Honor Awards, Logo 2000, 2002, Los Angeles Society of Illustrators, Print, Society for Marketing Professional Services, Webby Awards.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Interview with Burkey Belser · Law Firm Blogging :: Legal Blog Marketing :: Lawyer Blogs". Archived from the original on 2008-04-23. Retrieved 2014-01-07.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rosenwald, Michael S. (September 25, 2023). "Burkey Belser, designer of ubiquitous nutrition facts label, dies at 76". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 25, 2023.
  3. ^ July 1996 AIGA Journal
  4. ^ Chappell, Bill (28 September 2023). "Next time you read a food nutrition label, pour one out for Burkey Belser". NPR. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  5. ^ "Massimo Vignelli: Creator of Timeless Design and Fearless Critic of "Junk"". PRINT Magazine. 2014-05-28. Retrieved 2023-09-29.
  6. ^ Frohlich, Xaq (October 2023). From Label to Table: Regulating Food in America in the Information Age. Univ of California Press. pp. 149, 240. ISBN 978-0-520-29881-1.
[edit]