Guanqiu Jian: Difference between revisions

Guanqiu Jian
Guanqiu Jian
毌丘儉
General Who Guards the East (鎮東將軍)
	In office; 252 – 16 March 255
Monarch	Cao Fang / Cao Mao
Preceded by	Zhuge Dan
General Who Guards the South (鎮南將軍)
	In office; ?–252
Monarch	Cao Fang
Inspector of Yu Province (豫州刺史)
	In office; ?–252
Monarch	Cao Fang
General of the Left (左將軍)
	In office; ?–?
Monarch	Cao Fang
General Who Crosses into Liao (度遼將軍)
	In office; 235–?
Monarch	Cao Rui / Cao Fang
Colonel Who Protects the Wuhuan; (護烏丸校尉)
	In office; 235–?
Monarch	Cao Rui
Inspector of You Province (幽州刺史)
	In office; 235–?
Monarch	Cao Rui
Preceded by	Wang Xiong (王雄)
Inspector of Jing Province (荊州刺史)
	In office; ?–?
Monarch	Cao Rui
Personal details
Born	Unknown; Wenxi County, Shanxi
Died	16 March 255; Feidong County, Anhui
Relations	Guanqiu Xiu (brother)
Children	Guanqiu Dian; Guanqiu Zong; three other sons;
Parent	Guanqiu Xing (father);
Occupation	Military general, politician
Courtesy name	Zhonggong (仲恭)
Peerage	Marquis of Anyi (安邑侯)

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Guanqiu Jian (died 16 March 255),^[a] courtesy name Zhonggong, was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China.

Life

Guanqiu Jian was from Wenxi County (聞喜縣), Hedong Commandery, which is present-day Wenxi County, Shanxi. His father, Guanqiu Xing (毌丘興), served as the Administrator of Wuwei Commandery (武威郡) under the Cao Wei state and held the peerage "Marquis of Gaoyang District" (高陽鄉侯). After his father's death, Guanqiu Jian inherited his father's peerage and served as a clerk to the Marquis of Pingyuan (平原侯).

In 226, after Cao Rui, the second emperor of Wei, ascended the throne, he appointed Guanqiu Jian as a Gentleman of Writing (尚書郎) and supervisor of the Imperial Guards. As Guanqiu Jian was previously an assistant official serving under Cao Rui when the latter was still crown prince, Cao Rui treated him exceptionally well. Guanqiu Jian later rose to the position of Agricultural Officer of Luoyang (洛陽典農). During this time, he wrote to Cao Rui, advising the emperor to scale down on his extravagant palace building projects. Later, he was promoted to Inspector (刺史) of Jing Province.

In 237, Guanqiu Jian led an army to Liaodong to attack the warlord Gongsun Yuan, who had been previously a vassal of the Cao Wei state but decided to rebel against Wei rule. However, the campaign had to be aborted due to heavy flooding. In the following year, Guanqiu Jian and Sima Yi led another campaign against Gongsun Yuan, defeated him, and restored stability in Liaodong. In recognition of his efforts during the campaign, Cao Rui promoted Guanqiu Jian from a district marquis to a county marquis under the title "Marquis of Anyi" (安邑候).

In 244, Guanqiu Jian led a punitive expedition to Goguryeo, leading to the Goguryeo–Wei Wars. He defeated the Goguryeo army led by King Dongcheon near the Tongjia River and then captured the Goguryeo capital Hwando. During the follow-up campaign in the next year, he conquered Hwando again and forced King Dongcheon to flee southeast. A subsection of the army reached the eastern coast of the peninsula and another reached northern Manchuria, but soon retreated. A stone carving was created to commemorate Guanqiu Jian's victory in the campaign. In 1905, a fragment of the monument was discovered. It is called the Stele of Guanqiu Jian's Inscribed Achievements (毌丘儉紀功碑).

In 255, Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin started a rebellion in Shouchun (壽春; around present-day Shou County, Anhui) against the Wei regent Sima Shi, who came to power in 251 and monopolised state power, effectively rendering the Wei emperor a puppet ruler. Some historians^[who?] argue that Guanqiu Jian rebelled because he remained loyal to the Wei emperor, Cao Mao, and was displeased that the Sima family was controlling the Wei government behind the scenes. Other sources^[which?] state that he was close to Xiahou Xuan, who had been purged by Sima Shi in 254 around the time Sima Shi deposed the third Wei emperor Cao Fang and replaced him with Cao Mao; Guanqiu Jian, fearing that he would end up like Xiahou Xuan, decided to rebel against Sima Shi. The rebellion was effectively suppressed within months and Guanqiu Jian was slain by one Zhang Shu (張屬) after escaping from Shouchun to Shen County (慎縣; present-day Feidong County, Anhui). Most of Guanqiu Jian's family members were killed while the survivors escaped and defected to Wei's rival state, Eastern Wu.

Name

Guanqiu Jian's name is often read as Wuqiu Jian (毋丘儉), and appears as such in Volume 73 of Sima Guang's Zizhi Tongjian. However, Wu Jinhua (吳金華) argued that the original reading was Muqiu (母丘; also alternatively written as Wuqiu 毋丘 and Manqiu 曼丘), and that Guanqiu (毌丘) was a later transcription error dating back to the Tang and Song dynasties. He supports his argument with the occurrence of Muqiu as a family name on a tomb stele from the Three Kingdoms period and also in the Ri Zhi Lu (日知錄) by early Qing dynasty scholar Gu Yanwu; as well as the occurrence of Wuqiu as a surname on an ancient seal and a bamboo strip from the Yinwan (尹灣) Han-period tomb excavated in 1993. Wu also points out that a general named Manqiu Chen (曼丘臣) is mentioned in the second part of Emperor Gao's biography in the Book of Han, and that an annotation by the Tang dynasty historian Yan Shigu mentions that "Manqiu and Muqiu were originally the same family name".^[2]

Notes

^ ^a ^b Cao Mao's biography in the Records of the Three Kingdoms recorded that Guanqiu Jian died on the jiachen day of the leap month of the 2nd year of the Zhengyuan era of Cao Mao's reign.^[1] This date corresponds to 16 March 255 in the Gregorian calendar.

References

^ ([正元二年閏月]甲辰，安風津都尉斬[毌丘]儉，傳首京都。) Sanguozhi vol. 4.
^ Wu Jinhua, "Sanguo Zhi jiaoyi xuli", 59-60

Sources

Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).
Wu, Jinhua (2001). "Sanguo Zhi Jiaoyi Xuli" (三國志斠議續例). Wenshi (文史).

[death_date-2] Cao Mao's biography in the Records of the Three Kingdoms recorded that Guanqiu Jian died on the jiachen day of the leap month of the 2nd year of the Zhengyuan era of Cao Mao's reign.^[1] This date corresponds to 16 March 255 in the Gregorian calendar.

[1] ([正元二年閏月]甲辰，安風津都尉斬[毌丘]儉，傳首京都。) Sanguozhi vol. 4.

[3] Wu Jinhua, "Sanguo Zhi jiaoyi xuli", 59-60

[a]

[2]

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Cao Wei general and politician (died 255)}}
-{{Infobox Three Kingdoms biography
+{{Infobox officeholder
-| name        = Guanqiu Jian
-| image       =
+| name = Guanqiu Jian
+| native_name = 毌丘儉
-| image_size  =
-| caption     =
+| image =
-| Title       = General
+| image_size =
+| caption =
-| Kingdom     = [[Cao Wei]]
+| alt =
-| birth_date  = (Unknown)
+| office = General Who Guards the East (鎮東將軍)
-| birth_place =
+| term_start = {{Start date|252}}
-| death_date  = 255
+| term_end = {{End date|16 March 255}}
-| death_place =
+| monarch = [[Cao Fang]] / [[Cao Mao]]
-| Simp        = 毌丘俭
+| predecessor = [[Zhuge Dan]]
-| Trad        = 毌丘儉
+| office1 = General Who Guards the South (鎮南將軍)
-| Pinyin      = Guànqiū Jiǎn
+| term_start1 = {{Start date|?}}
-| WG          = Kuan-ch'iu Chien
+| term_end1 = {{End date|252}}
-| Zi          = Zhonggong {{small|({{zh|c=仲恭|p=Zhònggōng|w=Chung-kung}})}}
+| monarch1 = [[Cao Fang]]
-| Other       =
+| office2 = Inspector of [[Yuzhou (ancient China)|Yu Province]] (豫州刺史)
-| Notes       =
+| term_start2 = {{Start date|?}}
+| term_end2 = {{End date|252}}
+| monarch2 = [[Cao Fang]]
+| office3 = General of the Left (左將軍)
+| term_start3 = {{Start date|?}}
+| term_end3 = {{End date|?}}
+| monarch3 = [[Cao Fang]]
+| office4 = General Who Crosses into [[Liaodong|Liao]] (度遼將軍)
+| term_start4 = {{Start date|235}}
+| term_end4 = {{End date|?}}
+| monarch4 = [[Cao Rui]] / [[Cao Fang]]
+| office5 = Colonel Who Protects the [[Wuhuan]]<br>(護烏丸校尉)
+| term_start5 = {{Start date|235}}
+| term_end5 = {{End date|?}}
+| monarch5 = [[Cao Rui]]
+| office6 = Inspector of [[You Province]] (幽州刺史)
+| term_start6 = {{Start date|235}}
+| term_end6 = {{End date|?}}
+| predecessor6 = [[Wang Xiong (Cao Wei)|Wang Xiong]] (王雄)
+| monarch6 = [[Cao Rui]]
+| office7 = Inspector of [[Jing Province]] (荊州刺史)
+| term_start7 = {{Start date|?}}
+| term_end7 = {{End date|?}}
+| monarch7 = [[Cao Rui]]
+| birth_date = Unknown
+| birth_place = [[Wenxi County]], [[Shanxi]]
+| death_date = {{death date|255|3|16|df=y}}{{efn|name=death date|[[Cao Mao]]'s biography in the ''[[Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' recorded that Guanqiu Jian died on the ''jiachen'' day of the leap month of the 2nd year of the Zhengyuan era of Cao Mao's reign.<ref>([正元二年閏月]甲辰，安風津都尉斬[毌丘]儉，傳首京都。) ''Sanguozhi'' vol. 4.</ref> This date corresponds to 16 March 255 in the Gregorian calendar.}}
+| death_place = [[Feidong County]], [[Anhui]]
+| relations = Guanqiu Xiu (brother)
+| father = Guanqiu Xing
+| children = {{unbulleted list|Guanqiu Dian|Guanqiu Zong|''three other sons''}}
+| occupation = Military general, politician
+| blank1 = [[Courtesy name]]
+| data1 = Zhonggong (仲恭)
+| blank2 = Peerage
+| data2 = Marquis of Anyi (安邑侯)
 }}
-{{chinese-name|[[Guanqiu]]}}
+{{family name hatnote|[[Guanqiu]]|lang=Chinese}}
-'''Guanqiu Jian''' (died 255), [[courtesy name]] '''Zhonggong''', was a military general of the state of [[Cao Wei]] during the [[Three Kingdoms]] period.
+'''Guanqiu Jian''' (died 16 March 255),{{efn|name=death date}} [[courtesy name]] '''Zhonggong''', was a Chinese military general and politician of the state of [[Cao Wei]] during the [[Three Kingdoms]] period of China.
 ==Life==
 [[File:Guanqiu Jian commemoration stele.jpg|thumb|The rediscovered fragment of the Guanqiu Jian commemoration tablet.]]
+Guanqiu Jian was from Wenxi County ({{lang|zh|聞喜縣}}), [[Hedong Commandery]], which is present-day [[Wenxi County]], [[Shanxi]]. His father, Guanqiu Xing ({{lang|zh|毌丘興}}), served as the Administrator of Wuwei Commandery ({{lang|zh|武威郡}}) under the Cao Wei state and held the peerage "Marquis of Gaoyang District" ({{lang|zh|高陽鄉侯}}). After his father's death, Guanqiu Jian inherited his father's peerage and served as a clerk to the Marquis of Pingyuan ({{lang|zh|平原侯}}).
-Guanqiu Jian was favored by the Wei emperor [[Cao Rui]]. In 237, he led an army to Liaodong to attack the warlord [[Gongsun Yuan]] but the campaign was aborted due to floods. The following year, Guanqiu Jian and [[Sima Yi]] led another [[Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign|campaign]] against Gongsun Yuan and conquered Liaodong. In recognition of his efforts during the campaign, Cao Rui granted Guanqiu Jian the title of "Marquis of Anyi" (安邑候).
+In 226, after [[Cao Rui]], the second emperor of Wei, ascended the throne, he appointed Guanqiu Jian as a Gentleman of Writing ({{lang|zh|尚書郎}}) and supervisor of the Imperial Guards. As Guanqiu Jian was previously an assistant official serving under Cao Rui when the latter was still [[crown prince]], Cao Rui treated him exceptionally well. Guanqiu Jian later rose to the position of Agricultural Officer of [[Luoyang]] ({{lang|zh|洛陽典農}}). During this time, he wrote to Cao Rui, advising the emperor to scale down on his extravagant palace building projects. Later, he was promoted to Inspector ({{lang|zh|刺史}}) of [[Jing Province]].
-In 244, Guanqiu Jian led a [[punitive expedition]] to [[Goguryeo]], leading to the [[Goguryeo–Wei Wars]]. He defeated the Goguryeo army led by [[Dongcheon of Goguryeo|King Dongcheon]] near the [[Tongjia River]] and then occupied the capital [[Hwando]]. During the follow-up campaign in the next year, he occupied the capital again and forced Dongcheon to flee southeast. A subsection of the army reached the eastern coast of the peninsula and another reached northern [[Manchuria]], but soon retreated. In commemoration of the victory, a stone carving was raised during the campaign. A piece of the monument was discovered in 1905. It is known as "Stele of Guanqiu Jian's inscribed achievements" (毌丘儉紀功碑).
+In 237, Guanqiu Jian led an army to [[Liaodong]] to attack the warlord [[Gongsun Yuan]], who had been previously a vassal of the Cao Wei state but decided to rebel against Wei rule. However, the campaign had to be aborted due to heavy flooding. In the following year, Guanqiu Jian and [[Sima Yi]] led another [[Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign|campaign]] against Gongsun Yuan, defeated him, and restored stability in Liaodong. In recognition of his efforts during the campaign, Cao Rui promoted Guanqiu Jian from a district marquis to a county marquis under the title "Marquis of Anyi" ({{lang|zh|安邑候}}).
-In 255, Guanqiu Jian and [[Wen Qin]] started a [[Three Rebellions in Shouchun|rebellion]] in Shouchun against the regent [[Sima Shi]], who seized control of Wei's state power. Some scholars consider that he rebelled because he remained loyal to the Wei imperial family and was displeased with the Sima clan usurping power. Other sources tell that he was close to [[Xiahou Xuan]], who was executed by Sima Shi, so he feared for his life after learning of Xiahou's death. Guanqiu Jian's rebellion was eventually suppressed by Sima Shi and most of his family members were killed, while the surviving ones fled to Wei's rival state [[Eastern Wu]].
+In 244, Guanqiu Jian led a [[punitive expedition]] to [[Goguryeo]], leading to the [[Goguryeo–Wei Wars]]. He defeated the Goguryeo army led by [[Dongcheon of Goguryeo|King Dongcheon]] near the [[Tongjia River]] and then captured the Goguryeo capital [[Hwando]]. During the follow-up campaign in the next year, he conquered Hwando again and forced King Dongcheon to flee southeast. A subsection of the army reached the eastern coast of the peninsula and another reached northern [[Manchuria]], but soon retreated. A stone carving was created to commemorate Guanqiu Jian's victory in the campaign. In 1905, a fragment of the monument was discovered. It is called the Stele of Guanqiu Jian's Inscribed Achievements ({{lang|zh|毌丘儉紀功碑}}).
-==Name==
-Guanqiu Jian's name is often read as '''Wuqiu Jian''' (毋丘儉), and appears as such as chapter 73 of [[Sima Guang]]'s ''[[Zizhi Tongjian]]''. However, Chinese scholar Wu Jinhua (吳金華) has argued recently that the original reading was Muqiu 母丘 (also alternatively written as Wuqiu 毋丘 and Manqiu 曼丘), and that Guanqiu 毌丘 was a later transcription error from the [[Tang Dynasty|Tang]]-[[Song Dynasty|Song]] period. He supports his argument with the occurrence of Muqiu as a family name on a tomb stele from the Wei period and also in the ''Ri Zhi Lu'' (日知錄) by early [[Qing Dynasty|Qing]] scholar [[Gu Yanwu]]; as well as the occurrence of Wuqiu as a surname on an ancient seal and a bamboo strip from the Yinwan (尹灣) Han-period tomb excavated in 1993. Wu also points out that a general named Manqiu Chen (曼丘臣) is mentioned in part 2 of the ''[[Book of Han]]'' reign chronicle of [[Emperor Gaozu of Han]], and that the Tang-period [[Yan Shigu]] annotation to this name states "Manqiu and Muqiu were originally the same family name".<ref>Wu Jinhua, "Sanguo Zhi jiaoyi xuli", 59-60</ref>
+In 255, Guanqiu Jian and [[Wen Qin]] started a [[Guanqiu Jian and Wen Qin's Rebellion|rebellion]] in Shouchun (壽春; around present-day [[Shou County]], [[Anhui]]) against the Wei regent [[Sima Shi]], who came to power in 251 and monopolised state power, effectively rendering the Wei emperor a puppet ruler. Some historians{{who|date=September 2017}} argue that Guanqiu Jian rebelled because he remained loyal to the Wei emperor, [[Cao Mao]], and was displeased that the Sima family was controlling the Wei government behind the scenes. Other sources{{which|date=September 2017}} state that he was close to [[Xiahou Xuan]], who had been purged by Sima Shi in 254 around the time Sima Shi deposed the third Wei emperor [[Cao Fang]] and replaced him with Cao Mao; Guanqiu Jian, fearing that he would end up like Xiahou Xuan, decided to rebel against Sima Shi. The rebellion was effectively suppressed within months and Guanqiu Jian was slain by one Zhang Shu ({{lang|zh|張屬}}) after escaping from Shouchun to Shen County (慎縣; present-day [[Feidong County]], [[Anhui]]). Most of Guanqiu Jian's family members were killed while the survivors escaped and defected to Wei's rival state, [[Eastern Wu]].
-==Family==
-*Younger brother: [[Guanqiu Xiu]]
-*Sons:
-**[[Guanqiu Xun]]
-**[[Guanqiu Dian]]
-*Grandson: Guanqiu Zhong (毌丘重)
+==Name==
-==Appointments and titles held==
+Guanqiu Jian's name is often read as '''Wuqiu Jian''' ({{lang|zh|毋丘儉}}), and appears as such in Volume 73 of [[Sima Guang]]'s ''[[Zizhi Tongjian]]''. However, Wu Jinhua ({{lang|zh|吳金華}}) argued that the original reading was ''Muqiu'' (母丘; also alternatively written as ''Wuqiu'' 毋丘 and ''Manqiu'' 曼丘), and that ''Guanqiu'' ({{lang|zh|毌丘}}) was a later transcription error dating back to the [[Tang dynasty|Tang]] and [[Song dynasty|Song]] dynasties. He supports his argument with the occurrence of Muqiu as a family name on a tomb stele from the Three Kingdoms period and also in the ''Ri Zhi Lu'' ({{lang|zh|日知錄}}) by early [[Qing dynasty]] scholar [[Gu Yanwu]]; as well as the occurrence of Wuqiu as a surname on an ancient seal and a bamboo strip from the Yinwan ({{lang|zh|尹灣}}) Han-period tomb excavated in 1993. Wu also points out that a general named Manqiu Chen ({{lang|zh|曼丘臣}}) is mentioned in the second part of [[Emperor Gaozu of Han|Emperor Gao]]'s biography in the ''[[Book of Han]]'', and that an annotation by the Tang dynasty historian [[Yan Shigu]] mentions that "Manqiu and Muqiu were originally the same family name".<ref>Wu Jinhua, "Sanguo Zhi jiaoyi xuli", 59-60</ref>
-*Gentleman of the Imperial Secretariat (尚書郎)
-*Inspector of the Feathered Forest Imperial Guard (羽林監)
-*Agriculture Officer of Luoyang (洛陽典農)
-*Inspector of Jing Province (荊州刺史)
-*Inspector of [[Youzhou|You Province]] (幽州刺史)
-*General Who Crosses into Liao (度遼將軍)
-*Marquis of Anyi (安邑侯)
-*General of the Left (左將軍)
-*Inspector of Yu Province (豫州刺史)
-*General Who Guards the South (鎮南將軍)
 ==See also==
-* [[List of people of the Three Kingdoms]]
+* [[Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms]]
+==Notes==
+{{notelist}}
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
-* [[Chen Shou]]. ''[[Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'', Volume 28, Biography of Guanqiu Jian.
+==Sources==
-* Wu Jinhua. ''Sanguo Zhi Jiaoyi Xuli'' (三國志斠議續例), ''Wenshi'' (文史). 2001.
+* [[Chen Shou|Chen, Shou]] (3rd century). ''[[Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi'').
+* [[Pei Songzhi|Pei, Songzhi]] (5th century). ''[[Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms]]'' (''Sanguozhi zhu'').
+* Wu, Jinhua (2001). "Sanguo Zhi Jiaoyi Xuli" ({{lang|zh|三國志斠議續例}}). ''Wenshi'' ({{lang|zh|文史}}).
 {{People of Cao Wei}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Guanqiu, Jian}}
+[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
 [[Category:255 deaths]]
 [[Category:Cao Wei generals]]
-[[Category:Political office-holders in Beijing]]
+[[Category:Cao Wei government officials]]
 [[Category:Political office-holders in Anhui]]
-[[Category:Cao Wei politicians]]
+[[Category:Political office-holders in Beijing]]
-[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
+[[Category:Three Kingdoms people killed in battle]]
+[[Category:Three Rebellions in Shouchun]]

v t e Prominent people of Cao Wei
Emperors	Cao Cao (posthumously) Cao Pi Cao Rui Cao Fang Cao Mao Cao Huan
Empresses	Empress Dowager Bian Lady Zhen Empress Wende Empress Mingdao Empress Mingyuan Empress Huai Empress Zhang Empress Wang Empress Bian (Cao Mao's wife) Empress Bian (Cao Huan's wife)
Princes and male royal figures	Cao Biao Cao Gan Cao Gong Cao Gun Cao Hui Cao Jian Cao Ju (Prince of Pengcheng) Cao Jun (Prince of Chenliu) Cao Li Cao Lin (Prince of Donghai) Cao Lin (Prince of Pei) Cao Mao Cao Rui Cao Xie Cao Xun Cao Yan Cao Yong Cao Yu Cao Zhang Cao Zhi
Princess and female royal figures	Duquess Cao Cao Hua Cao Xian Princess Dongxiang Princess Jinxiang Princess Anyang Princess Changle Princess Qinghe Lady Yu Princess Linfen
Regents	Cao Shuang Sima Yi Sima Shi Sima Zhao Sima Yan
Civil officers	Bao Xun Bi Gui Cang Ci Chang Lin Chen Jiao Chen Qun Cui Lin Deng Yang Dong Zhao Du Ji Du Xi Fu Jia Fu Xuan Fu Xun Gao Rou Gaotang Long Guan Ning Han Ji He Kui He Qia He Yan Hu Zhi Hua Xin Huan Fan Huan Jie Jia Chong Jia Xu Jiang Ji Li Dian Li Feng Li Sheng Liang Xi Liu Shao Liu Ye Liu Yi Lu Yu Pang Yu Pei Qian Pei Xiu Sima Fu Sima Zhi Su Ze Wang Chen Wang Guan Wang Lang Wang Jing Wang Su Wang Xiang Wang Ye Wei Ji Wei Zhen Wu Zhi Xiahou He Xiahou Hui Xiahou Wei Xiahou Xuan Xin Pi Xing Yong Xu Miao Xu Shu Xu Xuan Xun Xu Xun Yi Yang Fu Yang Jun Yu Huan Zhang Hua Zhang Ji (Derong) Zhang Ji (Jingzhong) Zheng Hun Zhong Yao Zhong Yu
Military officers	Cao Hong Cao Ren Cao Xiu Cao Zhang Cao Zhen Chen Tai Deng Ai Du Yu Fei Yao Gongsun Yuan Guanqiu Jian Guo Huai Hao Zhao Huang Quan Jia Kui Liu Jing Lü Qian Man Chong Meng Da Niu Jin Pang De Qian Hong Qian Zhao Qin Lang Sima Wang Sima Zhou Sun Li Tang Zi Tian Xu Tian Yu Wang Chang Wang Hun Wang Ji Wang Jun Wang Ling Wang Shuang Wang Zhong Wei Guan Wen Ping Wen Qin Wen Yang Wei Guan Xiahou Ba Xiahou Dun Xiahou Mao Xiahou Shang Xu Chu Xu Huang Xu Zhi Yang Hu Yang Qiu Yin Li Yu Jin Yue Jin Zang Ba Zhang He Zhang Liao Zhang Te Zhao Yan Zhong Hui Zhou Tai Zhu Ling Zhuge Dan Zhuge Xu
Other notable women	Cai Yan Cuishi Guo Huai Pang E Wang Yi Wang Yuanji Xiahou Hui Xin Xianying Yang Huiyu Xiahou Lingnü Zhang Chunhua Zhang Changpu Princess Changshan Yang Yan Wei Huacun Xun Cai Xu Yi
Other notable figures	Budugen Du Kui Guan Lu Huangfu Mi Huchuquan Liu Bao Kebineng Liu Hui Ma Jun Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove Wang Bi Xun Can Pei Xiu Zhou Xuan Zhu Jianping