Shame (1988 film): Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox film |
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{{Refimprove|date=May 2010}} |
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| name = Shame |
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{{Infobox film| |
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| image = Shame(1998) film poster.jpg |
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| caption = US [[film poster]] |
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image = | |
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| director = [[Steve Jodrell]] |
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image_size = | |
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| writer = Beverly Blankenship<br>Michael Brindley |
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caption = | |
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| starring = [[Deborra-Lee Furness]]<br>[[Tony Barry]]<br>[[Simone Buchanan]]<br>[[Gillian Jones]] |
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director = [[Steve Jodrell]] | |
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| producer = Damien Parer<br>Paul D. Barron |
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writer = [[Beverly Blankenship]]<br>[[Michael Brindley]] | |
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| music = [[Mario Millo]] |
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starring = [[Deborra-Lee Furness]]<br>[[Simone Buchanan]]<br>[[Tony Barry]] | |
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| cinematography = Joseph Pickering |
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producer = [[Damien Parer]]<br>[[Paul D. Barron]] | |
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| editing = Kerry Regan |
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music = [[Mario Millo]] | |
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| studio = Barron Films<br>[[UAA Films]] |
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cinemetography = [[Joseph Pickering]] | |
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| distributor = [[Hoyts#Hoyts Distribution|Hoyts Distribution]] |
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editing = [[Kerry Regan]] | |
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| released = {{Film date|1988|02|26}} |
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distributor = [[Barron Films]] | |
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| runtime = 94 minutes |
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released = 1987 | |
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| country = Australia |
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runtime = 94 min. | |
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| language = English |
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country = [[Australia]] | |
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| budget = A$1.65 million<ref name="gross">"Australian Productions Top $175 million", ''Cinema Papers'', March 1986 p64</ref><ref name="stratton2">David Stratton, ''The Avocado Plantation: Boom and Bust in the Australian Film Industry'', Pan MacMillan, 1990 p218-220</ref> |
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language = [[English language|English]] | |
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}} |
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budget = A$1,650,000<ref name="gross">"Australian Productions Top $175 million", ''Cinema Papers'', March 1986 p64</ref><ref name="stratton2">David Stratton, ''The Avocado Plantation: Boom and Bust in the Australian Film Industry'', Pan MacMillan, 1990 p218-220</ref>| |
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}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2012}} |
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'''''Shame''''' is a 1988 [[Australian film|Australian Film]] directed by Steve Jodrell and starring [[Deborra-Lee Furness]] as 'Asta', for which she won both the 1988 [[Film Critics Circle of Australia|FCCA]] 'Best Actor' and [[Golden Space Needle Award|Golden Space Needle]] 'Best Actress' awards; as well as the [[Film Critics Circle of Australia|FCCA]] awarding 'Best Screenplay' to both Beverley Blankenship and Michael Brindley. |
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'''''Shame''''' is a 1988 Australian drama film directed by [[Steve Jodrell]] and written by Beverly Blankenship<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shame |url=https://beverlyblankenship.com/en/shame-2/ |access-date=2022-07-07 |website=Beverly Blankenship |language=en-US}}</ref> and Michael Brindley. |
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== Synopsis == |
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[[Deborra-Lee Furness]] stars as Asta Cadell, a [[barrister]] from Perth on a solo motorcycle trip through the Australian countryside. When her bike is damaged, she is forced to stay in a rural town while waiting for replacement parts. While there, she learns of the unsettling nature of the town, where the residents turn a blind eye to the young men's constant harassment and sexual assault of the town's young women.<ref name=":0" /> |
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The movie Shame narrates tragic happenings, brought on by the inspirational footsteps of a mature woman named 'Asta,' after her motorbike breaks down in a small town ([[Toodyay]]) during a lone tour of [[Outback Australia|outback Australia.]] |
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== Plot == |
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In her dilemma she crosses paths with the town mechanic's daughter 'Lizzie,' who has been [[Gang rape#Gang rape|gang-raped]] by a pack of youths; the scandal owing much to the repressive attitude adopted by much of the town (including its law-enforcer). |
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After her motorbike breaks down during a lone tour of outback [[Western Australia]], vacationing barrister Asta Cadell is forced to stay in the small fictitious township of Ginborak while she waits for replacement parts. |
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When Asta first arrives in the town, she sets foot in the local pub where many of the men treat her with little respect. Redirected to the town's mechanic, Asta stays with the mechanic's family (The Curtis family) as a guest. The family, including Lizzie's father Tim, are visibly troubled and suffering from some sort of depressive situation. |
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On arriving in the town, she immediately receives catcalls and sexually suggestive comments from many of the town's men. The town's sergeant, Wal Cuddy, dismisses her concerns and suggests that she not stay in the town long. |
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One night when Lizzie can not bear her parent's fighting anymore, she runs outside crying, where Asta (who is staying in the guest room) reaches out to her. This forms the beginning of their connection together. |
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Cadell arrives at the home and shop of the local mechanic, Tim Curtis, and though originally dismissed by the Curtis' apprentice, is allowed to borrow the mechanics' tools to work on her bike. Cadell asks him to allow her to stay in his guest house while she waits for the parts to arrive and he assents, rejecting her offer of money. The room is set out for her by Curtis' short tempered mother, Norma, and Cadell is lying down to sleep when Curtis' wife arrives home with her daughter Lizzie who is visibly shaken. |
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After experiences with The 'gang' of young men - who apart from collectively having raped several girls in the town and who behave with little respect - begin to increase in intensity of badness (beginning with both the sexualization of Asta, outright violations of her boundaries and culminating in actual physical attack [albeit where she successfully physically defends hersellf,]) Asta begins to speak more openly and energetically, in public and private, about the scandalous affairs which she has learned are occurring in this isolated town. |
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Later that night, Curtis and his wife exit their house mid fight, and Lizzie runs off into the night, crying. Cadell finds and comforts the young girl. |
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Vociferously protesting the policeman's complacency and even ignorance of the situation, Asta begins to act as a role-model and even as a source of strength, to the violated and injusticed Lizzie, whose own father even struggles to deny the truth of what has happened under his very nose. Championed on by Asta, Little by little, Lizzie draws upon enough courage to begin both straying further from the safety of her own house, and confronting her own father about his denial. |
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Cadell's assertive personality brings her into conflict with the bullying female owner of a meat-processing factory and with the ruthless group of young men who have gang-raped several girls in the town. The youths turn their unpleasant attentions to her, from which she vigorously defends herself, inflicting injuries on some of the boys. She complains to the police sergeant, who explains that the boys are simply having fun, and threatens Cadell with an assault charge, at which she reveals she is a barrister and not an easy target for his corrupt behaviour. She begins to speak more openly and energetically, in public and private, about the scandalous affairs which she has learned are occurring in this isolated town. |
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But even her own house becomes unsafe in the culmination of her perpetrator's provocation; Asta's firm resolve for justice - which has inspired not only Lizzie's father, but also her family and friends to face the truth - results in blind rage when the young men learn Asta and Lizzie means business; they are going the distance to press charges to get them imprisoned; and the men realize that their freedom to be blazenly reckless and get away with it (just because it is a small, isolated town), is under serious threat. This sets off the chain of events which results in tragedy. |
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She becomes a role-model and source of strength to the violated and injusticed Lizzie, whose own father even struggles to deny the truth of what has happened under his very nose. Championed on by Cadell, little by little, Lizzie draws upon enough courage to begin both straying further from the safety of her own house, and confronting her own father about his denial. |
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But even her own house and family become targets for the blind rage which erupts when the young violators and their complacent parents learn that Cadell and Lizzie mean business—they are intent on pressing charges to get the boys imprisoned. |
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The women of the town come together as they fight back against the rapists. Unfortunately it is all too late for Lizze. As she hides in the police station while the town fights the drunken lads attacking the Curtis household, two of the boys find her. Despite screams of help she is whisked away in their car. Lizzie tries to escape only to be thrown onto the road and killed. In the final scene the town of Ginaborak stands in silence as her body is placed in the back of a truck. |
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==Awards== |
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Due to an administrative error, ''Shame'' was made ineligible for the 1988 [[Australian Film Institute]] awards.<ref name=":0" /> |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:100%;" width="100%" |
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!Award |
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!Category |
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!Subject |
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!Result |
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!Reference |
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|- |
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|[[Film Critics Circle of Australia]] |
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|Best Screenplay |
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|Beverley Blankenship, Michael Brindley |
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|Won |
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|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=database |url=https://australiancinema.info/db/2003/shame.html |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=australiancinema.info}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|Film Critics Circle of Australia |
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|Best Actor - Female |
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|[[Deborra-Lee Furness]] |
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|Won |
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|<ref name=":1" /> |
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|- |
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|[[Seattle International Film Festival]] |
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|Best Actress |
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|Deborra-Lee Furness |
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|Won |
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| |
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|} |
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==Cast== |
==Cast== |
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*[[Deborra-Lee Furness]] as Asta Cadell |
*[[Deborra-Lee Furness]] as Asta Cadell |
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*Allison Taylor as Penny |
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*[[Simone Buchanan]] as Lizzie |
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*[[Tony Barry]] as Tim Curtis |
*[[Tony Barry]] as Tim Curtis |
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*[[Simone Buchanan]] as Lizzie Curtis |
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*[[Gillian Jones]] as Tina Farrel |
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*Allison Taylor as Penny |
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*[[David Franklin (actor)|David Franklin]] as Danny Fiske |
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*Peter Aanensen as Sgt. Wal Cuddy |
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*Margaret Ford as Norma Curtis |
*Margaret Ford as Norma Curtis |
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==Production== |
==Production== |
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Beverley Blankenship saw ''Mad Max'' and became excited about the idea of writing a film about a woman on a motorcycle. She discussed it with Michael Brindley and decided to make a modern |
Beverley Blankenship saw ''Mad Max'' and became excited about the idea of writing a film about a woman on a motorcycle. She discussed it with Michael Brindley and decided to make a modern-day Western. Blankenship wrote an eleven-page treatment which got finance from the Women's Film Fund for a first draft. They offered the script to [[Joan Long]] who was busy on other projects but then [[Paul Barron]] read a draft and became enthusiastic. Steve Jodrell became attached as director.<ref name="stratton2"/> Jodrell: |
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<blockquote>No-one really wanted to touch it because they couldn't work out what it was about. It was not quite entertaining; it was a little bit too art-house; it was a message film, and yet Michael and Beverly Blenkinship had always designed the film as a kind of B grade drive-in movie. They did not want it to end up in an art-house circuit. They wanted it to be an action flick that had some things to say in it, so that they get to the kind of demographic that they were appealing to, which was young teenagers and people in their twenties - and actually hoping the girls would drag the men along and, therefore, get across what they wanted to say.<ref name="signet">[http://www.signis.net/malone/tiki-index.php?page=Steve+Joddrell&bl "Interview with Steve Jodrell", ''Signet'', 30 March 1998] |
<blockquote>No-one really wanted to touch it because they couldn't work out what it was about. It was not quite entertaining; it was a little bit too art-house; it was a message film, and yet Michael and Beverly Blenkinship had always designed the film as a kind of B grade drive-in movie. They did not want it to end up in an art-house circuit. They wanted it to be an action flick that had some things to say in it, so that they get to the kind of demographic that they were appealing to, which was young teenagers and people in their twenties - and actually hoping the girls would drag the men along and, therefore, get across what they wanted to say.<ref name="signet">[http://www.signis.net/malone/tiki-index.php?page=Steve+Joddrell&bl "Interview with Steve Jodrell", ''Signet'', 30 March 1998]. Retrieved 19 November 2012</ref></blockquote> |
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Jodrell says that three weeks |
Jodrell says that three weeks prior to shooting, the financiers had commissioned a new draft to be written, in which Asta was far more violent and vigilante-like. However it was not used.<ref name="signet"/> |
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The movie was shot over six weeks on location at [[ |
The movie was shot over six weeks on location at [[Toodyay]] in Western Australia on Super 16mm.<ref name="stratton2"/> |
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==Release== |
==Release== |
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Shame was released on February 26, 1988,<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Kuipers |first=Richard |title=Curator's notes Shame (1987) on ASO - Australia's audio and visual heritage online |url=https://aso.gov.au/titles/features/shame/notes/ |access-date=2023-05-12 |website=ASO}}</ref> in Perth and received a video release on March 22, 1989. |
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Jodrell says the financiers were not supportive of the final film but Paul Barron managed to find investors to buy out their interests enabling the movie to be theatrically released.<ref name="signet"/> |
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Jodrell says the financiers were not supportive of the final film but Paul Barron managed to find investors to buy out their interests, enabling the movie to be theatrically released.<ref name="signet" /> |
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There was an American remake for TV in 1992 starring [[Amanda Donohoe]]. |
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Between 1988 and 1992, the film appeared at several film festivals including Vancouver International Film Festival (1988), Uppsala International Short Film Festival (1988), Seattle International Film Festival (1988), Santa Barbara International Film Festival (1988), New Directors New Films (1988), London Film Festival (1988), Houston International Film and Video Festival (1988), Hof International Film Festival(1988), Edinburgh International Film Festival (1988), Cork Film Festival (1988), Chicago International Film Festival (1988), International Film Festival Of India (1989), Hong Kong International Film Festival (1989), Centre Georges Pompidou, Australian - Pompidou Event (1991), Verona Film Festival (1992), and Strictly Oz - A History of Australian Film (1995).<ref name=":2" /> |
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The film was remade for TV in USA in 1992. The remake stars English actress [[Amanda Donohoe]]. Australian telemovie ''[[Natural Justice: Heat]]'' (1996) has further adventures of Asta as portrayed by [[Claudia Karvan]].<ref name="NLA NJ:H">{{cite web | url=http://wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au/ReadingRoom/film/dbase/2003/heat.htm | title= ''Natural Justice: Heat'' (1996) | website = Australian Cinema | via = National Library of Australia | archive-url=https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20030816223156/http://wwwmcc.murdoch.edu.au/ReadingRoom/film/dbase/2003/heat.htm | archive-date = 17 August 2003 | access-date = 26 July 2023 | url-status = dead }}</ref> |
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[[National Film and Sound Archive|National Film and Sound Archive of Australia]] (NFSA) announced in 2017 that it would release a digitally restored version of ''Shame'' as part of its NFSA Restores initiative, which would be premiered at the 2017 [[Melbourne International Film Festival]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Shame (1988) - The Screen Guide - Screen Australia |url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/shame-1988/539/ |access-date=2023-05-12 |website=Screen Australia |language=en}}</ref> In response to the restoration, director Steve Jordell quoted, "It has an immaculate freshness and luminosity that reminds me of its initial screening almost 30 years ago. There’s a powerful message in the film – sadly, one that is even more relevant today than when it was first released."<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 July 2017 |title=DEBORRA-LEE FURNESS TO CELEBRATE NFSA RESTORATION OF SHAME IN MELBOURNE |url=https://www.nfsa.gov.au/deborra-lee-furness-celebrate-nfsa-restoration-shame-melbourne |access-date=2022-07-06 |website=NATIONAL FILM AND SOUND ARCHIVE OF AUSTRALIA}}</ref> |
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==Home media== |
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''Shame'' was released on DVD by Umbrella Entertainment in May 2011. The DVD is compatible with all region codes and includes special features such as the original theatrical trailer, interviews with [[Steve Jodrell]], [[Simone Buchanan]] and Michael Brindley, and an interview with [[Deborra-Lee Furness]].<ref name="Umbrella Entertainment">{{cite web|title=Umbrella Entertainment|url=http://www.umbrellaent.com.au/p-2818-shame.aspx|accessdate=4 May 2013}}</ref> In 2021, Umbrella released a Blu-ray edition of ''Shame'' with further extra features, including two feature-length audio commentaries. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{ |
*{{IMDb title| id=0093952 | title=Shame}} |
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*[http://www.ozmovies.com.au/movie/shame ''Shame''] at Oz Movies |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Shame (1988 Film)}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Shame (1988 Film)}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1988 films]] |
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[[Category:1988 drama films]] |
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[[ru:Позор (фильм, 1988)]] |
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[[Category:Australian drama films]] |
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[[Category:Films about rape]] |
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[[Category:Films set in Western Australia]] |
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[[Category:Films shot in Australia]] |
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[[Category:1980s English-language films]] |
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Latest revision as of 03:25, 7 May 2024
| Shame | |
|---|---|
_film_poster.jpg) US film poster | |
| Directed by | Steve Jodrell |
| Written by | Beverly Blankenship Michael Brindley |
| Produced by | Damien Parer Paul D. Barron |
| Starring | Deborra-Lee Furness Tony Barry Simone Buchanan Gillian Jones |
| Cinematography | Joseph Pickering |
| Edited by | Kerry Regan |
| Music by | Mario Millo |
Production companies | Barron Films UAA Films |
| Distributed by | Hoyts Distribution |
Release date |
|
Running time | 94 minutes |
| Country | Australia |
| Language | English |
| Budget | A$1.65 million[1][2] |
Shame is a 1988 Australian drama film directed by Steve Jodrell and written by Beverly Blankenship[3] and Michael Brindley.
Deborra-Lee Furness stars as Asta Cadell, a barrister from Perth on a solo motorcycle trip through the Australian countryside. When her bike is damaged, she is forced to stay in a rural town while waiting for replacement parts. While there, she learns of the unsettling nature of the town, where the residents turn a blind eye to the young men's constant harassment and sexual assault of the town's young women.[4]
Plot
[edit]After her motorbike breaks down during a lone tour of outback Western Australia, vacationing barrister Asta Cadell is forced to stay in the small fictitious township of Ginborak while she waits for replacement parts.
On arriving in the town, she immediately receives catcalls and sexually suggestive comments from many of the town's men. The town's sergeant, Wal Cuddy, dismisses her concerns and suggests that she not stay in the town long.
Cadell arrives at the home and shop of the local mechanic, Tim Curtis, and though originally dismissed by the Curtis' apprentice, is allowed to borrow the mechanics' tools to work on her bike. Cadell asks him to allow her to stay in his guest house while she waits for the parts to arrive and he assents, rejecting her offer of money. The room is set out for her by Curtis' short tempered mother, Norma, and Cadell is lying down to sleep when Curtis' wife arrives home with her daughter Lizzie who is visibly shaken.
Later that night, Curtis and his wife exit their house mid fight, and Lizzie runs off into the night, crying. Cadell finds and comforts the young girl.
Cadell's assertive personality brings her into conflict with the bullying female owner of a meat-processing factory and with the ruthless group of young men who have gang-raped several girls in the town. The youths turn their unpleasant attentions to her, from which she vigorously defends herself, inflicting injuries on some of the boys. She complains to the police sergeant, who explains that the boys are simply having fun, and threatens Cadell with an assault charge, at which she reveals she is a barrister and not an easy target for his corrupt behaviour. She begins to speak more openly and energetically, in public and private, about the scandalous affairs which she has learned are occurring in this isolated town.
She becomes a role-model and source of strength to the violated and injusticed Lizzie, whose own father even struggles to deny the truth of what has happened under his very nose. Championed on by Cadell, little by little, Lizzie draws upon enough courage to begin both straying further from the safety of her own house, and confronting her own father about his denial.
But even her own house and family become targets for the blind rage which erupts when the young violators and their complacent parents learn that Cadell and Lizzie mean business—they are intent on pressing charges to get the boys imprisoned.
The women of the town come together as they fight back against the rapists. Unfortunately it is all too late for Lizze. As she hides in the police station while the town fights the drunken lads attacking the Curtis household, two of the boys find her. Despite screams of help she is whisked away in their car. Lizzie tries to escape only to be thrown onto the road and killed. In the final scene the town of Ginaborak stands in silence as her body is placed in the back of a truck.
Awards
[edit]Due to an administrative error, Shame was made ineligible for the 1988 Australian Film Institute awards.[4]
| Award | Category | Subject | Result | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Film Critics Circle of Australia | Best Screenplay | Beverley Blankenship, Michael Brindley | Won | [5] |
| Film Critics Circle of Australia | Best Actor - Female | Deborra-Lee Furness | Won | [5] |
| Seattle International Film Festival | Best Actress | Deborra-Lee Furness | Won |
Cast
[edit]- Deborra-Lee Furness as Asta Cadell
- Tony Barry as Tim Curtis
- Simone Buchanan as Lizzie Curtis
- Gillian Jones as Tina Farrel
- Allison Taylor as Penny
- David Franklin as Danny Fiske
- Peter Aanensen as Sgt. Wal Cuddy
- Margaret Ford as Norma Curtis
Production
[edit]Beverley Blankenship saw Mad Max and became excited about the idea of writing a film about a woman on a motorcycle. She discussed it with Michael Brindley and decided to make a modern-day Western. Blankenship wrote an eleven-page treatment which got finance from the Women's Film Fund for a first draft. They offered the script to Joan Long who was busy on other projects but then Paul Barron read a draft and became enthusiastic. Steve Jodrell became attached as director.[2] Jodrell:
No-one really wanted to touch it because they couldn't work out what it was about. It was not quite entertaining; it was a little bit too art-house; it was a message film, and yet Michael and Beverly Blenkinship had always designed the film as a kind of B grade drive-in movie. They did not want it to end up in an art-house circuit. They wanted it to be an action flick that had some things to say in it, so that they get to the kind of demographic that they were appealing to, which was young teenagers and people in their twenties - and actually hoping the girls would drag the men along and, therefore, get across what they wanted to say.[6]
Jodrell says that three weeks prior to shooting, the financiers had commissioned a new draft to be written, in which Asta was far more violent and vigilante-like. However it was not used.[6]
The movie was shot over six weeks on location at Toodyay in Western Australia on Super 16mm.[2]
Release
[edit]Shame was released on February 26, 1988,[4] in Perth and received a video release on March 22, 1989.
Jodrell says the financiers were not supportive of the final film but Paul Barron managed to find investors to buy out their interests, enabling the movie to be theatrically released.[6]
Between 1988 and 1992, the film appeared at several film festivals including Vancouver International Film Festival (1988), Uppsala International Short Film Festival (1988), Seattle International Film Festival (1988), Santa Barbara International Film Festival (1988), New Directors New Films (1988), London Film Festival (1988), Houston International Film and Video Festival (1988), Hof International Film Festival(1988), Edinburgh International Film Festival (1988), Cork Film Festival (1988), Chicago International Film Festival (1988), International Film Festival Of India (1989), Hong Kong International Film Festival (1989), Centre Georges Pompidou, Australian - Pompidou Event (1991), Verona Film Festival (1992), and Strictly Oz - A History of Australian Film (1995).[7]
The film was remade for TV in USA in 1992. The remake stars English actress Amanda Donohoe. Australian telemovie Natural Justice: Heat (1996) has further adventures of Asta as portrayed by Claudia Karvan.[8]
National Film and Sound Archive of Australia (NFSA) announced in 2017 that it would release a digitally restored version of Shame as part of its NFSA Restores initiative, which would be premiered at the 2017 Melbourne International Film Festival.[7] In response to the restoration, director Steve Jordell quoted, "It has an immaculate freshness and luminosity that reminds me of its initial screening almost 30 years ago. There’s a powerful message in the film – sadly, one that is even more relevant today than when it was first released."[9]
Home media
[edit]Shame was released on DVD by Umbrella Entertainment in May 2011. The DVD is compatible with all region codes and includes special features such as the original theatrical trailer, interviews with Steve Jodrell, Simone Buchanan and Michael Brindley, and an interview with Deborra-Lee Furness.[10] In 2021, Umbrella released a Blu-ray edition of Shame with further extra features, including two feature-length audio commentaries.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Australian Productions Top $175 million", Cinema Papers, March 1986 p64
- ^ a b c David Stratton, The Avocado Plantation: Boom and Bust in the Australian Film Industry, Pan MacMillan, 1990 p218-220
- ^ "Shame". Beverly Blankenship. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ a b c Kuipers, Richard. "Curator's notes Shame (1987) on ASO - Australia's audio and visual heritage online". ASO. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ^ a b "database". australiancinema.info. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ a b c "Interview with Steve Jodrell", Signet, 30 March 1998. Retrieved 19 November 2012
- ^ a b "Shame (1988) - The Screen Guide - Screen Australia". Screen Australia. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ^ "Natural Justice: Heat (1996)". Australian Cinema. Archived from the original on 17 August 2003. Retrieved 26 July 2023 – via National Library of Australia.
- ^ "DEBORRA-LEE FURNESS TO CELEBRATE NFSA RESTORATION OF SHAME IN MELBOURNE". NATIONAL FILM AND SOUND ARCHIVE OF AUSTRALIA. 12 July 2017. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ "Umbrella Entertainment". Retrieved 4 May 2013.