Tmesipteris: Difference between revisions

Tmesipteris
	Tmesipteris elongata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Psilotales
Family:	Psilotaceae
Genus:	Tmesipteris; Bernh.
Type species
	Tmesipteris tannensis; (Sprengel 1800) Bernhardi 1801
Species
	See text

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Tmesipteris, the hanging fork ferns, is a genus of ferns, one of two genera in the family Psilotaceae, order Psilotales (the other being Psilotum). Tmesipteris is restricted to certain lands in the Southern Pacific, notably Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. In New Zealand this hanging epiphyte is common in the warm temperate rain forests of both main islands, where it can normally be found as short spiky dark-green fronds (10–15 cm long), often with lighter bag-like sporangia at the bases of some of its "leaves". The plant possesses no true leaves; what appear to be leaves are flattened stems. The fronds emerge directly from the fibrous root-mats which clad the trunks of mature tree ferns such as Dicksonia and Cyathea. Tmesipteris is from the Greek language, meaning a "cut fern", referring to the truncated leaf tips.^[1]

Species

Species include:

Tmesipteris elongata P.A.Dang - Australia (Victoria and Tasmania) and New Zealand (North Island, South Island, Stewart Island, Chatham Islands)^[2]^[3]
Tmesipteris gracilis Chinnock 2003
Tmesipteris horomaka Perrie, Brownsey & Lovis - New Zealand (Banks Peninsula)^[4]
Tmesipteris lanceolata P.A.Dang. - New Caledonia and New Zealand (presumed extinct in Queensland)^[2]^[5]
Tmesipteris norfolkensis P.S.Green (hanging fork-fern^[2])
Tmesipteris obliqua Chinnock (long fork-fern^[2])
Tmesipteris oblongifolia A.F.Braithw. 1986
Tmesipteris ovata N.A.Wakef. (oval fork-fern^[2])
Tmesipteris parva N.A.Wakef. (small fork-fern^[2])
Tmesipteris sigmatifolia Chinn. - New Caledonia and New Zealand^[5]
Tmesipteris solomonensis Braithwaite 1973
Tmesipteris tannensis (Spreng.) Bernh. - New Zealand^[4]
Tmesipteris truncata (R.Br.) Desv. - Australia (New South Wales and Queensland)
Tmesipteris vanuatensis Braithwaite 1986
Tmesipteris vieillardii P.A.Dang - New Caledonia^[5]
Tmesipteris zamorae Gruèzo & Amoroso, 2012 - Philippines^[6]

Phylogeny

Nitta et al. 2022^[7] and Fern Tree of life^[8]

T. gracilis

	T. sigmatifolia

	T. truncata

	T. elongata

	T. horomaka

	T. obliqua (Long fork-fern)

	T. tannensis

References

^ Les Robinson - Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney, ISBN 978-0-7318-1211-0 page 303
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Tmesipteris". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 6 April 2011.
^ "Tmesipteris elongata". Hebe Society. Retrieved 6 April 2011.
^ ^a ^b "Tmesipteris Bernh. (1801)". Retrieved 6 April 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Tmesipteris (Genre)". endemia.nc - Faune & Flore de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Retrieved 6 April 2011.
^ Gruèzo, W.Sm. 2012: Tmesipteris zamorae: a new species of Tmesipteris Bernh. (Psilotaceae) from the Philippines. Asia life sciences, 21(2): 653-670. abstract
^ Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 909768. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.909768. PMC 9449725. PMID 36092417.
^ "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.5.0 [GenBank release 256]. 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.

Bierhorst, D W (1977) The Systematic Position of Psilotum and Tmesipteris, Brittonia (New York Botanical Garden Press)
Qiu, Y-L and Palmer, J (1999) Phylogeny of early land plants: insights from genes and genomes. Trends in Plant Science 4 (1), 26-30

This fern-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] Les Robinson - Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney, ISBN 978-0-7318-1211-0 page 303

[APNI-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Tmesipteris". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 6 April 2011.

[hebe-3] "Tmesipteris elongata". Hebe Society. Retrieved 6 April 2011.

[FNZ-4] "Tmesipteris Bernh. (1801)". Retrieved 6 April 2011.

[endemia-5] "Tmesipteris (Genre)". endemia.nc - Faune & Flore de Nouvelle-Calédonie. Retrieved 6 April 2011.

[6] Gruèzo, W.Sm. 2012: Tmesipteris zamorae: a new species of Tmesipteris Bernh. (Psilotaceae) from the Philippines. Asia life sciences, 21(2): 653-670. abstract

[7] Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 909768. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.909768. PMC 9449725. PMID 36092417.

[8] "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.5.0 [GenBank release 256]. 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Genus of ferns in  the family Psilotaceae}}
-{{Taxobox
+{{Automatic taxobox
-| name = ''Tmesipteris''
 | image = Tmesipteris elongata.jpg
+| image_caption = ''Tmesipteris elongata''
-| regnum = [[Plant]]ae
+| taxon = Tmesipteris
-| divisio = [[Pteridophyta]]
+| authority = [[Johann Jakob Bernhardi|Bernh.]]
-| classis = [[Psilotopsida]]
+| type_species =''[[Tmesipteris tannensis]]''
-| ordo = [[Psilotophyta|Psilotales]]
+| type_species_authority =(Sprengel 1800) Bernhardi 1801
-| familia = [[Psilotaceae]]
-| genus = '''''Tmesipteris'''''
 | subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
-| subdivision =
+| subdivision = See text
-''[[Tmesipteris elongata]]''<br>
-''[[Tmesipteris fosteri]]''<br>
-''[[Tmesipteris lanceolata]]''<br>
-''[[Tmesipteris tannensis]]''<small>([[Spreng.]])</small><br>
-''[[Tmesipteris tugna]]''<br>
 }}
-'''''Tmesipteris'''''  the "hanging fork fern", is a genus of fern-like vascular plants, one of two genera in the family Psilotaceae, order Psilotales, and class Psilotopsida (the other being [[Psilotum]]).
-''Tmesipteris'' is restricted to certain lands in the Southern Pacific, notably [[Australia]] (Tasmania), [[New Zealand]] and [[New Caledonia]].
-In New Zealand this hanging [[epiphyte]] is not uncommon in the warm temperate rain forests of both main islands, where it can normally be found as short spiky dark-green fronds (10-15 cm long), often with lighter bag-like [[sporangia]] at the bases of some of its "leaves". The fronds emerge directly from the fibrous root-mats which clad the trunks of mature tree ferns such as ''[[Dicksonia]]'' and ''[[Cyathea]]''.
+'''''Tmesipteris''''', the '''hanging fork ferns''', is a genus of ferns, one of two genera in the family Psilotaceae, order Psilotales (the other being ''[[Psilotum]]'').
-==References==
+''Tmesipteris'' is restricted to certain lands in the Southern Pacific, notably [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]] and [[New Caledonia]].
-*''Bierhorst, D W (1977) The Systematic Position of Psilotum and Tmesipteris, Brittonia (New York Botanical Garden Press)''
+In New Zealand this hanging [[epiphyte]] is common in the warm temperate rain forests of both main islands, where it can normally be found as short spiky dark-green fronds (10–15&nbsp;cm long), often with lighter bag-like [[sporangia]] at the bases of some of its "leaves".  The plant possesses no true leaves; what appear to be leaves [[Phylloclade|are flattened stems]].  The fronds emerge directly from the fibrous root-mats which clad the trunks of mature tree ferns such as ''[[Dicksonia]]'' and ''[[Cyathea]]''. ''Tmesipteris'' is from the Greek language, meaning a "cut fern", referring to the truncated leaf tips.<ref>Les Robinson - Field Guide to the Native Plants of Sydney, {{ISBN|978-0-7318-1211-0}} page 303</ref>
+==Species==
-*''Qiu, Y-L and Palmer, J (1999) Phylogeny of early land plants: insights from genes and genomes. Trends in Plant Science 4 (1), 26-30''
+Species include:
+*''[[Tmesipteris elongata]]'' <small>P.A.Dang</small> - Australia ([[Victoria (state)|Victoria]] and [[Tasmania]]) and New Zealand ([[North Island]], [[South Island]], [[Stewart Island / Rakiura|Stewart Island]], [[Chatham Islands]])<ref name=APNI>{{cite web |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=Tmesipteris|title=''Tmesipteris'' |accessdate=6 April 2011 |work= [[Australian Plant Name Index]] (APNI), IBIS database|publisher = Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra}}</ref><ref name=hebe>{{cite web|title=''Tmesipteris elongata''|publisher= Hebe Society|url= http://www.hebesoc.org/nz_plants/nz_plants_t/tmesipteris_elongata/tmesipteris_elongata.htm|accessdate=6 April 2011}}</ref>
+*''[[Tmesipteris gracilis]]'' <small>Chinnock 2003</small>
+*''[[Tmesipteris horomaka]]'' <small>Perrie, Brownsey & Lovis</small> - New Zealand ([[Banks Peninsula]])<ref name=FNZ/>
+*''[[Tmesipteris lanceolata]]'' <small>P.A.Dang.</small> - New Caledonia and New Zealand (presumed extinct in [[Queensland]])<ref name=APNI/><ref name=endemia>{{cite web|title=''Tmesipteris'' (Genre)| url=http://www.endemia.nc/flore/fiche1540.html |work=endemia.nc - Faune & Flore de Nouvelle-Calédonie| accessdate=6 April 2011}}</ref>
+*''[[Tmesipteris norfolkensis]]'' <small>P.S.Green</small> (hanging fork-fern<ref name=APNI/>)
+*''[[Tmesipteris obliqua]]'' <small>Chinnock</small> (long fork-fern<ref name=APNI/>)
+*''[[Tmesipteris oblongifolia]]'' <small>A.F.Braithw. 1986</small>
+*''[[Tmesipteris ovata]]'' <small>N.A.Wakef.</small> (oval fork-fern<ref name=APNI/>)
+*''[[Tmesipteris parva]]'' <small>N.A.Wakef.</small> (small fork-fern<ref name=APNI/>)
+*''[[Tmesipteris sigmatifolia]]'' <small>Chinn.</small> - New Caledonia and New Zealand<ref name=endemia/>
+*''[[Tmesipteris solomonensis]]'' <small>Braithwaite 1973</small>
+*''[[Tmesipteris tannensis]]'' <small>([[Spreng.]]) [[Bernh.]]</small> - New Zealand<ref name=FNZ>{{cite web|title=''Tmesipteris'' Bernh. (1801)|url= http://nzflora.landcareresearch.co.nz/default.aspx?selected=NameDetails&TabNum=0&NavControl=display&Action=Display&NameId=497C771A-4EAA-42B6-B73A-4933E88F2D95&StateId=878200#497C771A-4EAA-42B6-B73A-4933E88F2D95|accessdate=6 April 2011}}</ref>
+*''[[Tmesipteris truncata]]'' <small>(R.Br.) Desv.</small> - Australia ([[New South Wales]] and Queensland)
+*''[[Tmesipteris vanuatensis]]'' <small>Braithwaite 1986</small>
+*''[[Tmesipteris vieillardii]]'' <small>P.A.Dang</small> - New Caledonia<ref name=endemia/>
+*''[[Tmesipteris zamorae]]'' <small>Gruèzo & Amoroso, 2012</small> - Philippines<ref>Gruèzo, W.Sm. 2012: ''Tmesipteris zamorae'': a new species of ''Tmesipteris'' Bernh. (Psilotaceae) from the Philippines. ''Asia life sciences'', '''21'''(2): 653-670. [http://journals.uplb.edu.ph/index.php/ALS/article/view/728 abstract]</ref>
+==Phylogeny==
-[[Category:Pteridophyta]]
+Nitta et al. 2022<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nitta |first1=Joel H. |last2=Schuettpelz |first2=Eric |last3=Ramírez-Barahona |first3=Santiago |last4=Iwasaki |first4=Wataru |display-authors=et al. |year=2022 |title=An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life |journal=Frontiers in Plant Science |volume=13 |issue= |page= 909768| doi=10.3389/fpls.2022.909768 |pmid= 36092417|pmc= 9449725|bibcode= |doi-access=free}}</ref> and Fern Tree of life<ref>{{cite web|last1= |first1= |last2= |display-authors=et al. |year=2023 |title=Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL |url=https://fernphy.github.io/viewer.html |version=FTOL v1.5.0 [GenBank release 256] |access-date=17 August 2023}}</ref>
+{{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%
-{{fern-stub}}
+|1={{clade
+  |1=''[[Tmesipteris gracilis|T. gracilis]]''
+  |2={{clade
+    |1={{clade
+      |1=''[[Tmesipteris sigmatifolia|T. sigmatifolia]]''
+      |2=''[[Tmesipteris truncata|T. truncata]]''
+       }}
+    |2={{clade
+      |1={{clade
+        |1=''[[Tmesipteris elongata|T. elongata]]''
+        |2=''[[Tmesipteris horomaka|T. horomaka]]''
+         }}
+      |2={{clade
+        |1=''[[Tmesipteris obliqua|T. obliqua]]'' (Long fork-fern)
+        |2=''[[Tmesipteris tannensis|T. tannensis]]''
+         }}
+       }}
+     }}
+   }}
+}}
+==References==
-[[fr:Tmesipteris]]
+{{Reflist}}
+*''Bierhorst, D W (1977) The Systematic Position of Psilotum and Tmesipteris, Brittonia (New York Botanical Garden Press)''
+*''Qiu, Y-L and Palmer, J (1999) Phylogeny of early land plants: insights from genes and genomes. Trends in Plant Science 4 (1), 26-30''
+{{Wikispecies}}
+{{Plant classification}}
+{{Fern classification}}
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q927944}}
+[[Category:Psilotaceae]]
+[[Category:Epiphytes]]
+[[Category:Fern genera]]
+{{fern-stub}}